During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, bands with chime bells and drums as their main instruments were popular, and were known as "the music of bells and drums" in history. There is also a popular form of musical instrument performance in which silk and bamboo instruments such as Sheng and Se are combined together. Various musical instruments used by these two types of bands were unearthed from the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng. This batch of musical instruments is truly rare in terms of its variety, exquisite production, and intact preservation. Many of these musical instruments have been discovered for the first time and are important materials for studying the development of music in the early Warring States Period.
The chimes, chimes and other musical instruments unearthed in Suixian County, Hubei Province (now Suizhou City) in the early Warring States Period are the largest orchestra arrangement of bells and drums ever seen. The owner of the tomb is a monarch of Zeng State, named Yi; Marquis is the title. The coffin is in the east chamber, and there are eight female teenagers buried in the room. The instruments in this room include ten-stringed qin, five-stringed qin, harp, sheng, snare drum, etc., which can form a small silk and bamboo orchestra. The victims may have been female musicians who played these instruments or performed songs and dances. In the middle room, there is a band used by the tomb owner to hold grand banquets, that is, the musical instruments of the "bell and drum" band. Such as chimes, chimes, drums, panpipes, flutes, flutes, shengs, drums, zithers, etc. Thirteen more female teenagers were buried in the west room.
This set of chimes attracts the most attention. It consists of sixty-four bells suspended in three levels on a rectangular bell frame. There are three groups of button bells on the upper floor, with a total of 19 pieces; there are three groups of Yong bells on the middle and lower floors, with a total of 45 pieces. The sound range of the chimes spans up to five groups, and about three of the middle groups have complete twelve tones. All the musical instruments unearthed from the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng are all exquisitely crafted and have good performance, reaching astonishing heights. Some of them are even beyond the reach of modern people.
From the Warring States Period to the Western Han Dynasty, various double-angled button-shaped bells and barrel-shaped bells with unique local characteristics were found in ruins in southwest my country, such as Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan and other places. They are Musical instruments used by ethnic minorities in southwest China.
To date, the number of pre-Qin bells discovered has been considerable. According to incomplete statistics in 1988, there were 116 batches, 174 groups, and 903 pieces ( Those with unknown types, components and parts are not included). About 400 of them have inscriptions.