Comparative analysis of contemporary theories and thoughts in the field of moral education is as follows, with their advantages and disadvantages and application scope as follows:

Western traditional moral education theory advocates promoting social development by cultivating personal morality, professional ethics and social responsibility. The advantage is to pay attention to the inheritance of values, and the disadvantage is to pay less attention to practical experience and realistic environment.

Social psychology moral education theory: it advocates promoting moral education through the adjustment of cognition, emotion and attitude, as well as the interaction between individuals and groups. The advantage is that it emphasizes the interaction between individuals and the environment, and the disadvantage is that it relies too much on scientific research conclusions.

Post-modern moral education theory: it advocates to promote moral education by weakening authority and rules, advocating multiculturalism and individuality, and emphasizing reflective practice. The advantage is to emphasize difference and reflection, and the disadvantage is that it may lead to confusion of values.

the theory of educational ecology moral education: it advocates promoting moral education by optimizing the educational ecological environment, improving the distribution of educational resources and developing various educational institutions in coordination. The advantage is to pay attention to systematicness and wholeness, but the disadvantage is that the education system and mechanism need to be reformed vigorously.

educational innovation trend: educational innovation trend refers to the ideological trend of adopting new methods and technologies in educational practice to improve students' comprehensive quality. The advantage of educational innovation is that it can improve the educational effect, stimulate students' interest and creativity, and strengthen the effectiveness of moral education.

However, the disadvantage is that it needs to invest a lot of resources and time, and teachers need to keep learning and updating, which is not suitable for traditional moral education. Humanism education trend of thought: Humanism education trend of thought is an educational idea that emphasizes individual development and human dignity.

It holds that the core of education is to cultivate people's all-round development and personality shaping, and emphasizes the cultivation of students' emotional quality and moral concepts. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to implement and requires teachers to invest a lot of time and energy.