Singing music

Singing music is the dominant part of Henan Zhuozi singing and consists of a variety of tunes (banqiang). It includes the introduction, starting tune, flat tune, sending tune, and ending tune. According to the different sentence patterns of the lyrics, singing methods such as three-character collapse, five-character embedding, seven-character rhyme, clever cross rhyme, and rolling mouth white are used to form a rhythm and harmony. Obvious changes in melody to express different emotions.

Although there are many tunes in Henan Zhuozi, it is based on a subjective basic singing tune, which is repeated and developed according to the different rules of the beginning, succession, transition and closing of the arias and the different needs of the storyline. and changes.

At the same time, the singing tunes that are inserted or accessory in traditional singing, such as introductions, brands, three-character jumps, five-character inlays, large and small cold rhymes, etc., are comprehensively selected and eliminated, and some are included. The unique phrases and fragments are organically combined in the singing music, making the entire singing music rich, colorful and harmonious.

Henan Zhuozi has many singing methods in traditional singing. Some start with a tight rhythm, and then suddenly come to a loose tone (sudden slowness) accompanied by a big swing. There are also cases where the first few words are written in white, and then the accent is spoken.

Pingqiang refers to the singing part of the large section in the middle of the aria, which focuses on the narrative of the story and is the main part of the singing. Pingqiang is composed of several short paragraphs, and the small paragraphs are divided into opening sentences and narrative sentences. The starting sentence is usually two or four sentences, while the narrative sentence is infinitely repeated, with many changes and large capacity.

The formation of various schools of Henan Zhuizi is that they each have different flat accents. These tunes are all different, some are gorgeous and smooth, some are simple and tough, some are sad, and some are bold.

Falling tune refers to the small section or phrase used at the end of a aria. Some Luoqiang is more gorgeous, and some Luoqiang is cheerful and playful, appearing crisp and neat.

The mode of singing music of Henan Zhuozi is mainly the Zheng mode, because the main body of the singing tune of Henan Zhuozi is the Ping tune, and the Ping tune is mainly the Zheng mode. The board style is usually a straight one (i.e. 2/4 time), but there are also flat styles (1/4 time), loose board, tight playing, slow singing, and rolling forms of rapping and singing.

Performance form

Henan Zhuizi uses Henan dialect to perform rap performances, mainly singing, with speaking in between. The singing styles mainly include "Pingqiang", "Kuaizhaban", "Wuzhan", "Wuzikan" and "Duoban" etc. The lyrics are basically seven-character sentences. The accompanist played the harp, and some also stepped on the clapper. In the early days, most of them sang short stories, but some actors also sang long songs. The repertoire of modern themes are all short stories.

The early stage of rap performance was "one-spoken", in which one singer played on a sandalwood or jujube wooden board with his left hand and sang while playing; later, "counterpart" was developed, in which two people sang in duet and one person played on the simple board. , one person plays a single cymbal or a book drum; there are also "group performances" in which three people perform together; there are also a few who sing by themselves; each of these methods has its own appropriate program.

In addition to the performers who sing by themselves while playing wooden sticks, the performance format is mostly a "two-person class" in which one player plays and the other sings. When singing, a table should be set up with a small cymbal, a wooden drum and a small leather drum on the table.

The string player of the pendulum qin sits on the side of the table. The singer stands in front of the table, holding a simple board in his left hand and a bamboo stick in his right hand. He plays the drum beats along with the melody of the pendulum qin and beats the downbeat with the board. (Board), the drums play the weak beat (Eye), and the strings, hands and feet also play the strong beat.

The method of holding the simple board requires that it be at shoulder level and not too high or too low. When it is necessary to strike the cymbal, put down the simple board and pick up the stick. Some have no drums or cymbals, and only hold a simple board. The right hand is free, and they cooperate with the left hand to perform various movements. Xingmu is only used occasionally in the narrative of long books. There are also people who tie the pendulum qin to their waists and can stand up and sing. They go from house to house walking, playing and singing. In the old days, they were called "running stalls" and "qiao begging".

When professional teams perform, there will be no tables. After the announcer announces the program, the band sits down, and the actor enters with a bamboo board, raises the bamboo board and hits it once, the band starts to play, hits the bamboo board accordingly, and then starts singing. For group singing and joint singing of more than three people, the simple board can be changed hands, the requirements are unified, the band is increased, the foot sticks are mostly not used, and someone specializes in rhythm. The player can also put down the instrument, or take the instrument into character.

The performance figures and movements of Henan Zhuizi pursue elegance and liveliness. The use of hands and feet should be done neatly and retracted quickly, with just one click. The performance tips of Sanxianshu are basically the same as those of Henan pendant, but some have different opinions.

For example, "Er Lang carries the mountain", "One step and one hammer", Henan pendants are called "Bright Wings" and "Two Immortals Preaching the Word". The "one-step, three-phase" performance technique of pendants from eastern Henan is also used by some.

Henan Zhuizi, like other genres of music, is mainly about rapping and supplemented by performance. An actor must practice his speaking skills.

Accompanying instrument

The accompaniment instrument of Henan Zhuozi is Zhuihu, also called Zhuoqin and Henan Zhuozi. It was originally a stringed instrument modified from the three strings of a snare drum. It was tuned to fourths, the intro was the "5-1" strings, and the singing tune was changed to the "2-5" strings. Because it often changes in fifths, artists say: "The fifth degree is the lower part of the board, and the fifth degree is the upper part of the singing tune." Zhuihu mainly accompanies the tune, sometimes adding flowers, or using techniques such as old and young matching to enhance the singing tune to enhance the art. expressiveness.

With the development of the times, the accompaniment band of Henan Zhuizi has been greatly improved, adding a variety of different instruments, such as erhu, dulcimer, sanxian, pipa, cello, etc. The percussion instruments of Henan Zhuizi are mainly simple boards, except for foot bangs and small hairpins.

Many accomplished artists are very flexible in their jianban playing. They not only use batting, flashing eyes, fill-ins, continuous playing, etc. to enhance the atmosphere, but they can also be used as props for performances. ?The prelude and interlude of Henan pendants are called "Guoban" by artists.

In order to exaggerate the warm atmosphere and attract the audience before the opening of the book, artists often improvise stage music. Some call it "Naochang", also known as "Pantou", "Guojie tune" and "Naotai tune". After the commotion is over, before each section begins, a pass is played from the Zhui Hu. The fast section in the front is called the big guoban, and the slow section in the back is called the small guoban.

When the big overboard is played to a certain point, it suddenly relaxes, followed by the small overboard. After repeated evolution, it has also become a prelude often used by professional teams.

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