Chapter 1 Basic Knowledge of Music

1. Basic common sense about music

There are many basic common sense about music. Let me introduce some of them to you. What is noise? What is music? When vocal cords, strings, wooden boards, motors and other objects vibrate, they emit sound waves. The sound waves travel through the air and enter our ears, allowing us to hear sounds.

Sound can be divided into noise and musical sound: the sound that vibrates irregularly, such as the sound of wooden boards, motors, etc., is called noise; the sound that vibrates regularly, such as the singing sound produced by the vocal cords and the sound produced by the strings Wait, it’s called Leyin. The sounds used in music are mainly musical sounds.

What is pitch? Some musical notes sound high and some sound low, which is called pitch. The pitch is determined by the vibration frequency of the sounding object. The higher the frequency, the higher the sound. The lower the frequency, the lower the sound.

For example, when a woman sings, her vocal cords vibrate at a higher frequency, while when a man sings, his vocal cords vibrate at a lower frequency, so the male voice is lower than the female voice. What is the range of tones used in music? The tones used in music range from the lowest, which vibrates 16 times per second, to the highest, which vibrates 4186 times per second, approximately 97 times.

The largest piano in modern times can play 88 of the notes and is the instrument with the largest range of sounds. Due to physiological limitations when people sing, the musical sounds they can sing are only a small part of the musical range.

What is a sound name? What is roll call? Musical tones of different pitches are represented by C D E F G A G. These seven Latin letters are the names of the musical tones. They are usually sung in sequence as DO RE MI FA SOL LA SI, that is, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 in simplified notation. It is equivalent to the pronunciation of the Chinese character "Duolai Mifa Solasi". DO, RE, MI... are the pronunciation of musical sounds when singing, so they are called roll calls.

What is a sound sequence? Arrange the more than 90 musical tones of different levels mentioned above in order to form a sequence. This sequence is called a tone sequence. How are the sound sequences grouped? There are only seven sound names, but the number of sounds in the sound sequence greatly exceeds this number. How to distinguish sounds with the same sound name but different pitches? The method is grouping.

People divide the sounds in the sound sequence into several groups. The central group of notes in the sequence (that is, the seven tones starting from the middle C and going upwards in keyboard instruments such as pianos and electronic keyboards) is called a group of small characters. The bars are twice as high, twice as high, and three times higher than the group of small characters. The sounds of times are called the second group of small characters, the third group of small characters, and the fourth group of small characters.

Of course, there are sounds in the music that are lower than a group of small characters. Their groups are: those that are twice as low as a group of small characters are called small character groups, those that are twice as low as a group of small characters are called large character groups, and those that are three times lower than a group of small characters are called large characters. One group, the one four times lower is called the second group with big characters. In this way, the order of the groups in the sound column from low to high is: two groups of large characters, one group of large characters, one group of small characters, one group of small characters, one group of small characters, two groups of small characters, three groups of small characters, and four groups of small characters. The range of musical sounds is called the range in music terms.

The vocal range of the human voice is approximately: female voices range from f in the small group to a in the second group, and male voices range from F in the large group to a in the small group. So, how wide is your vocal range? Try it on the piano when you have the chance.

Starting from the lowest note you can sing and ending with the highest note, this range is your vocal range. Which sound is the standard sound? International regulations stipulate that the a sound in a group of small characters vibrates 440 times per second, and this sound is the standard sound.

Since there is a certain quantitative relationship between the sounds in the sound sequence, for example, a sound that is twice as high as a certain sound (also called one octave higher) must have a frequency that is one higher than a certain sound. times, the frequency of a sound that is twice as low as it (also called one octave lower) must be twice as low as a certain sound. Therefore, specifying the pitch of the standard sound is equivalent to specifying the pitch of other sounds. With this standard, people will have a basis for tuning when making musical instruments, playing music, and singing.

What is full tone? What is a semitone? Divide the distance of the group of notes C D E F G A B into twelve equal parts, and each equal part is called a "semitone". If the distance between two tones is two "semitones", it is called a "whole tone".

On keyboard instruments such as pianos and electronic keyboards, C-D, D-E, F-G, G-A, A-B, there is a black key between the two tones, and the distance between them is the whole tone; E-F, B-C, the two tones are There are no black keys between them, the distance between them is a semitone.

What is natural sound? What is inflection? In layman's terms, when we sing, those sounds that are sung as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 are called natural sounds; those with a # sign (such as #4, #1) or a B sign (such as b7) in their upper left corner , b3) is called a change of sound.

# is called a sharp sign, which means that the sound is raised by a semitone on the original basis; b is called a flat mark, which means that the sound is lowered by a semitone on the original basis. What is a musical scale? Take one of the sounds C, D, E, F, G, A, B, etc. as the center, and start from it and arrange it in order from low to high (or from high to low). This sequence of sounds is like a ladder. The same, up or down step by step, so it is called a scale.

The two sequences below are both musical scales, the former is the major scale and the latter is the natural minor scale: What is notation? A piece of music generally contains elements such as height, length, strength and weakness. The method of recording these elements on paper using various marks and symbols is called notation.

There are many notation methods that have been used and are currently in use at home and abroad. Take our country as an example. There are many notation methods used in ancient and modern times.

It is said that as early as the Warring States Period, the musician named Shi Juan under Wei Linggong could notate music using a certain notation method. According to written records, during the Sui and Tang dynasties in my country, Gongchi Pu and Jia Zi Pu (used for guqin) were produced, and in the Song Dynasty, Common Zi Pu was produced.

Gongchipu has been modified several times and is still used by folk artists today. However, in modern times, simplified musical notation and staff music are more commonly used in our country, especially the most popular ones.

From a global perspective, the most commonly used system is the staff. What is simplified musical notation? Simplified musical notation is a notation method that uses *** numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 to record pitches. Almost all Chinese people who have read books know it.

This notation was proposed by the French monk Sueti in 1665. Later, it was the famous French philosopher and writer Rousseau who improved and actively promoted it.

Because this notation is not convenient for recording polyphonic and complex music, it has almost never been popularized in Europe. Around 1882, the American Mason introduced it to Japan when he gave lectures in Japan. It was once used in Japanese schools in the 19th century, but they no longer used it.

In the late Qing Dynasty, simplified musical notation was introduced to our country through students studying in Japan. In 1904, the book "School Singing Method" written by Mr. Shen Xingong was published, which became popular for a while. From then on, simplified musical notation became popular in our country.

We believe that simplified musical notation is as good as music.

2. Help me copy the music theory knowledge

Music theory 1. Basic concepts of music theory Basic music theory, also called basic music theory, is an introductory course for learning music.

The problems it wants to solve are about the nature of sound, temperament, how to notate music (that is, how to read music), the basic elements of music, the basic rules of the combination of sounds, etc., and The method of notating (and reading) music is a very important part of it. There are many ways to record music. In ancient China, there were several categories such as Chinese notation and gongchi notation. When used for different musical instruments, there were qin notation and pipa notation.

Similar to writing, music score is a system of symbols prescribed by people. No matter what kind of notation is used, the purpose is to accurately record the music so that it can be disseminated and reproduced based on this record ( Performance). At present, the staff is an internationally accepted notation method. Of course, we will use it as the main introduction object. This book also uses staff to express the basic theory part; then we will briefly talk about the knowledge of simplified musical notation.

After mastering the staff, learning simplified musical notation will be very easy. 100 basic music theory concepts 1: Tone is a physical phenomenon.

When an object vibrates, it produces sound waves, which travel through the air to the eardrum and are reflected by the brain and are perceived as sound. The sound that people can hear vibrates about 16-20,000 times per second, and the sounds used in music (excluding sounds) are generally limited to the range of 27-4,100 vibrations per second.

The pitch, strength, length and timbre of the sound depend on the vibration of the object. 2: Tone-color refers to the sensory characteristics of sound.

The vibration of the sound body is composed of a variety of harmonics, including fundamental tones and overtones. The timbre is determined by the number of overtones and the relative intensity between the overtones.

People's ability to distinguish timbre is innate. The color of music is divided into vocal timbre and instrumental timbre.

The vocal timbres are divided into high, medium and bass, and are divided into male and female; the instrumental timbres are mainly divided into string instruments and wind instruments, and the timbres of various percussion instruments are different. 3: Resonance Resonance refers to a kind of vibration.

When a sound-producing body vibrates, it causes other objects to vibrate and emit sound, producing a buzzing sound. 4: Fundamental tone The lowest frequency sound emitted when an object vibrates is the fundamental tone, and the rest are overtones.

The fundamental note determines the pitch. 5: Harmonic overtone: Except for the lowest sound produced by the overall vibration of the sound body, which is the fundamental tone, and the fundamental tone is used as the standard, the remaining 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 and other parts also vibrate at the same time and are overtones.

The combination of overtones determines a specific timbre and allows people to clearly feel the loudness of the fundamental tone. Musical instruments and all sounds in nature have overtones.

6: Pitch (Pitch) Pitch is expressed by the number of vibrations in one second. The higher the frequency, the higher the pitch; the lower the frequency, the lower the pitch.

The current internationally accepted standard sound "a" is a sound that vibrates 440 times per second. 7: Pitch name Pitch name refers to the name that represents a fixed pitch in the Western music system.

These names are not unified and vary from country to country. The most widely used ones are: C D E F G A B.

8: Syllable names Syllable names refer to the names of each note on the scale. Usually 1do, 2re, 3mi, 4fa, 5sol, 6la, 7si are used.

The tonic in a major key is 1do, and the tonic in a minor key is 6la. 9: Sound range (pass) The range between the lowest and highest notes that a human voice or musical instrument can achieve is called the sound range.

The vocal range can be divided into the total vocal range and individual vocal ranges, vocal and musical instrument ranges. 10: Tonality Tonality refers to the mode category and tonic height.

In music, the tonic is the core of melody and harmony, and other sounds are subordinate to it and finally end on the tonic. Such music is tonal music.

11: Scale (Scale) refers to each note in the mode. Starting from a certain pitch, that is, starting from the main note, the notes are arranged from low to high in pitch order. This sequence of notes is called for the musical scale. The scale from low to high is called ascending, and the scale from high to low is called descending.

The scales we are talking about today are based on the most common major scale (major key) and minor scale (minor key). 12: Pentatonic scale A scale composed of five tones.

Mostly used in folk music. Such as: do, re, mi, sol, la, (do).

13: Major mode A type of mode. In the seven-tone scale, the distance between adjacent two tones is divided into two types: whole steps and semitones.

Except for the semitone between the third and fourth tones and the semitone between the seventh and eighth tones, the rest of the scale is a whole tone. The colors in major keys are brighter.

14: Minor mode is a type of mode. The heptatonic scale has four forms: "natural minor", "harmonic minor", "melodic minor" and "modern minor scale". The color of the minor key is generally darker than the major key, and is often used to express sadness and melancholy.

In the natural minor (minor scale), there are semitones between the second and third notes and the fifth and sixth notes. 15: Just intonation is different from the twelve equal laws.

The relationship between each note and the tonic in the scale is a pure interval. Since the semitones formed in this way cannot be divided into equal parts, they cannot be modulated casually and have been eliminated by history.

16: Key-note The first note in the modal scale. A type of Temperament.

Divide an octave into twelve semitones, and the intervals of the semitones are all equal. Pianos, harps and other musical instruments are all tuned according to this temperament.

17: Semi tone, whole tone (Semi tone, Whole tone) Divide an octave into twelve equal parts, each part is a semitone, and two semitones are equivalent to a whole tone. A semitone is equivalent to a minor second, and a whole tone is equivalent to a major second.

18: Consonant and dissonant intervals (Consonant, Dissonance) According to the degree of consonance, it can be divided into complete consonant intervals (pure 1, 4, 5, 8 degrees) and incomplete consonant intervals (major, minor) 3, 6 degrees). Otherwise, they are all dissonant intervals. 19: Interval refers to the distance between two notes.

The unit used to calculate musical intervals is called "degree", and the number of syllables between two sounds is called "degree". Intervals with the same degree are distinguished by the number of semitones and whole tones they contain, such as pure, major, minor, increased, or decreased.

20: Twelve-tone system, tweleve-note system, one of the modern composition techniques. It was founded in 1921 by Austrian composer Schoenberg.

The composer abandoned the traditional mode, tonality and harmony system, randomly arranged the twelve tones in the chromatic scale into a one-year sequence, and then used techniques such as inversion and retrograde to add them.

3. Basic knowledge of music

Here is the first introduction to staff, the most basic things.

Once you memorize it and learn the mode and key, you will be able to distinguish the major and minor keys and what key they are.

Let’s talk briefly

Tonality (Tonality) is simply the 24 major and minor keys. But how did this come about? First we should have some understanding of musical scales. Basically, Western music is based on the heptatonic scale. You can understand it from the staff. The notes are arranged in the order between the lines and the spaces. The result is only C, D, E, F, G, A, B. Different sound names. However, it was mentioned before that the commonly used syllables have twelve different tones. This is because the intervals between the above seven tones are not all semitones. Taking the key of C major as an example, the arrangement of C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C* except for the semitone interval between E, F and B, C*, the intervals between the other notes are all It's whole tone.

Everyone should know that from the Baroque period to the present, most of the creations of classical music have been based on tonal music. Although atonal music is produced in modern music, basically everyone is still accustomed to accepting tonal music. And pop music still cannot escape the norms of tonal music. Why is this happening? For example, when a person leaves home, no matter how far he goes or how long he leaves, he should always return home in the end. The most important thing in each key in tonal music is the tonic. The music usually starts with the tonic or tonic, and ends with the tonic or tonic. The most important significance of this mode is to give the music a strong sense of direction.

The source of this sense of direction lies in the arrangement of the scales. We call the distance between two notes an interval. If the intervals between the notes in a scale are the same, it can be said that the distance between them is the same, and there is no distinction between closeness and distance. In this way, there is no trend, and naturally there is no direction to proceed. So we can understand the importance of the position of the two sets of semitone intervals in the major and minor keys. The following lists the names of each tone in the scale in order: tonic, supertonic, mediant, subdominant, dominant, submediant, and leading tone ), octave.

It can be seen that each of the twelve tones can become the tonic of a key. In this way, there will be twelve major keys and twelve minor keys. The total is the so-called twenty-four major and minor keys. tune.

Here is the mode.

4. What is common sense about music?

Common sense about music generally includes the following content:

1. What is music?

2. What are sounds and noises?

3. What is pitch?

4. What is the range of tones used in music?

5. What are note names and roll calls?

6. What is a sound sequence? How are the sound sequences grouped?

7. Which sound is called the standard sound?

8. What is whole tone? What is a semitone?

9. What is natural sound? What is inflection?

10. What is a musical scale?

11. What is notation?

12. What is simplified musical notation?

13. What is a staff?

14. What is a serenade?

15. What is polka?

16. What is Mazurka?

17. What is a minuet?

18. What is a waltz?

19. What are school songs?

20. Andante allegro. ..What's the meaning?

21. What is Habanera?

22. What is a vocal suite?

Wait, various common sense theories related to music are actually common sense about music.

Of course, there are also many aspects of knowledge about the classification of music styles, musical instruments, etc. .

The question you asked is too general and too broad.

5. What is common sense about music?

Common sense about music generally includes the following contents: 1. , what is music? 2. What are sounds and noises? 3. What is pitch? 4. What is the range of tones used in music? 5. What are note names and roll calls? 6. What is a sound sequence? How are the sound sequences grouped? 7. Which sound is called the standard sound? 8. What is full tone? What is a semitone? 9. What is natural sound? What is inflection? 10. What is a musical scale? 11. What is notation? 12. What is simplified musical notation? 13. What is a staff? 14. What is a serenade? 15. What is polka? 16. What is Mazurka? 17. What is a minuet? 18. What is a waltz? 19. What are school songs? 20.andante allegro.

..What does it mean? 21. What is Harong Banera Dance? 22. What is a vocal suite? Wait, various common sense theories related to music are actually common sense about music. Of course, there are also many aspects of knowledge about the classification of music styles, musical instruments, etc. The question you gave is too general and the scope is too large. . ..

6. Basic knowledge of music

Treble clef (G clef) Drawing this clef starts from the second space.

Start from the second line and draw half a circle clockwise downward close to the third line. Then draw a circle that is larger than the opening close to the first line. Then, avoid the circle. For the starting gap, go up, to the right, out of the fifth line and then to the left, draw a small circle counterclockwise, come back, and define it on the fourth line. Then, come down from the middle, cross the third line, the second line, and then the first line. After extending the tail, turn left, draw half a small circle clockwise, and paint a small black dot at the end.

In this way, a treble clef is ready. It looks complicated, but you will find that it is not very difficult to actually draw it.

Bass Clef (F Clef) The bass clef is much easier and you have to remember when you draw this clef; start on the fourth line. First draw a small dot, then close to the fifth line, draw a half circle clockwise, cross the fourth line and move to the left until the second line stops.

Then click a small dot in the third and fourth rooms. C clef The C clef is basically composed of the upper and lower English letters "C" reversed, plus two vertical lines (one thick, one thin).

The characteristic of this clef is: whichever line the middle of the two inverted letters "C" aligns with, which line is the "C" sound (DO). It is also called the clef of that line. For example, if it is aligned with the fourth line, it is called the "fourth line C clef" (some people also call it the tenor clef), and if it is aligned with the third line, it is called the "third line C clef" ( Some people also call it "alto clef").

Rest The symbol on the music score that indicates the rest of the music is called "rest". Rests are the nemesis of notes. As long as you see the rests, the notes will disappear to varying degrees, and the music will remain silent. This is the role of rests.

But one thing must be explained: rests in the progress of music usually have special artistic conception, and the music is not interrupted. It can be said that "silence is better than sound at this time."

Never take the place marked with a rest as the end of the world. Rests are also part of music, but they are used to express an emotion. Each note has a corresponding rest symbol, which is the same length as the note value of the corresponding note.

There is also a rest that indicates a rest in the entire section. (Complete bar rest) They are suitable for various beats. Note: The number of beats marked after the perfect bar clef is, and there are several beats in a bar (including rests). This is called a complete bar.

An incomplete measure is marked with a beat after the clef, but there are not enough beats in the measure. This kind of measure is called an incomplete measure, and an incomplete measure is generally used as the starting beat.

7. Elementary school 1

I won’t say what I said before. 2/4 refers to a quarter note as one beat, and there are two beats in each measure (based on this assumption) ) 6/8 uses eighth notes as one beat, and each measure has 6 beats. Commonly used speed notation (Italian): Grave Zhuangban (name) 40 (beats per minute) Largo 46Lento Adagio 52Adagio Adagio 56Larghetto Xiao Guang Board 60 Andante Andante 66 Andantino Andante 69 Moderato Moderate 88 Allegro Allegro 108 Allegro Allegro 132 Presto Presto 184 Prestissimo Presto 208 Commonly used dynamics notation (the first is the mark, the middle is Italian, the last is the dynamics): pp pianissimo very weak p piano weak mp mezzo-piano medium weak mf mezzo-forte medium strong f forto strong ff fortissimo very strong sf sforzando extra strong fp sorto-piano strong after weak 3/4 beat strength law is: strong weak weak 2/4: strong Weak 4/4: strong and weak, next strong and weak 3/8: strong and weak, weak 6/8: strong and weak, weak and next strong and weak. The length of the weak sound is related to the duration of the vibration. The height of the sound is related to the frequency of the vibration. The strength of the sound is related to the vibration. The amplitude of the sound is related to the shape, material, and vibration mode of the object. The piano has 88 keys, 52 white keys, and 36 black keys. The sound is divided into musical tones and noise. The musical tones have a fixed pitch, which is harmonious and beautiful. Music The world is mainly composed of musical sounds. In order to name the musical sounds used in music, people use seven English letters. They are CDEFGAB (this is the name of the sound). The do, re, mi, fa, sol, la and si we sing are Singing tone. Interval is the distance in pitch between two notes. The two notes may sound one after the other, which is called melody interval. They may also sound at the same time, which is called harmonious sound. Cheng. The name contains the number of whole tones: perfect first 0 minor second 1/2 major second 1 minor third 1 1/2 major third 2 perfect fourth 2 1/2 augmented fourth 3 subtracted fifth 3 perfect fifth 3 1 /2 (the two are different, one has four tones and the other has five tones) minor sixth 4 major sixth 4 1/2 minor seventh 5 major seventh 5 1/2 pure octave 6 because it is I don’t want to type more, it’s very hard. If you want to know more, it would be better to go online, such as the websites they recommend, or buy a music theory book.

8. Music knowledge

1. Teaching plan design should focus on several aspects: 1. Analysis of teaching materials.

2. Teaching objectives. 3. Important and difficult points in teaching.

4. Teaching process and methods. 2. Fill in the blanks (0.5 points for each blank, 60 blanks = 30 points).

1. The original name of "The National Anthem of the Republic of China". In 1949, it was designated as the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

The work was completed in 1935 and the author is . It was officially designated as the national anthem at the fifth session of the Fifth National People's Congress on December 4, 2011.

2. People’s Musician Xian Xinghai has nearly 10 works in his lifetime. Among them, the representative songs include: , , etc.

The chorus songs include: , , etc. Symphonic works include: , etc.

3. "Spring Festival Overture" is a symphony composed by a famous Chinese composer, and is the first movement in "Spring Festival Suite". 4. The author of the violin concerto "Butterfly Lovers" is , and the work was completed in 1959.

5. China’s first new opera is . 6. The story of Henan Opera "Mulan" is based on the Northern and Southern Dynasties.

The plot is the story of the heroine Hua Mulan, who disguises herself as a man, joins the army in place of her father, and protects her family for the country. It was later adapted into Henan Opera, also known as Henan Opera.

7. The Yue Opera "Dream of Red Mansions" is adapted from the main plot of the literary work of the same name by the Qing Dynasty novelist . 8. The opera "Xiao Erhei's Marriage" praises the story of militia captain Erhei and village girl Xiaoqin's struggle for free marriage.

The plot describes a certain base area in the province. 9. The formation of Peking Opera, the quintessence of my country's national art, is basically divided into three stages. The first stage was the entry of the Anhui Troupe to Beijing in 1999; the second stage was the entry of the Han Dynasty Troupe to Beijing in 1999; thereafter, the two were combined on the basis of each other. Kun Opera finally formed Peking Opera around the year 2000.

10. Beethoven, the great German musician, created 2 symphonies in his life. Because of the profound connotation and exquisite skills of the works, he is known as the saint of music by the world. The most famous ones are: NO.3, NO.5, NO.6, NO.9.

11. Johann Strauss (little) is a famous composer in China. He composed more than 120 waltzes in his life: , , , and so on, so he is known as waltzes. 12. The Austrian composer, known as the father of symphony, composed the first symphony in his life.

13. Schubert is a famous composer who composed many symphonies in his life. What is particularly commendable is that he also composed more than 600 art songs throughout his life.

His representative works include: , , , etc. 14. The famous operas "Rigoletto" and "Aida" are all produced by Italian composers who have made outstanding achievements in the field of opera creation.

15. The famous opera "Carmen" is a classic work by the French composer. 16. Russian composer Tchaikovsky not only composed many famous symphonies throughout his life, but also created three classic dance dramas.

They are: ,,. 17. The famous Polish composer Chopin created a large number of excellent piano works in his short life.

These include: , , , , and other works of various genres, which are loved by people all over the world and are praised as . 18. "Allegro Molto" is expressed during the progress of the music.

19. "Lento" is expressed during the progress of the music. 20. "Pianissimo" is expressed during the progress of the music.

21. "Fortissimo" is expressed during the progress of the music. 22. There are several commonly used single beats, one of which is .

23. There are several commonly used compound beats, one of which is . 3. Multiple choice questions (1 point each, 30 questions ***30 points).

1. "Adagio" means "Adagio" in music terminology. A. Slow B. Very slow C. Slow 2. In music terminology, "Largo" means.

A. Very slow B. Slow C. Slow 3. In music terms, "Allegro" means . A. Faster B. Fast C. Very quickly 4. In music terms, "Mezzoforte" means.

A. Strong B. Very strong C. Moderately strong 5. In music terminology, "a Tempo" means. A. Slower than the original speed B. Proceed at the original speed C. Restore the original speed 6. In music terms, "Vivace" means.

A. Rapid B. Lively C. Cheerful 7. Yue Opera originated from the Sheng County area of ????Province. A. Fujian B. Guangdong C. Zhejiang 8. The opera "Red Guards of Honghu" describes the story of a Red Guard active in the local area who fought against the reactionaries under the leadership of the party and won victory during the Agrarian Revolutionary War.

The story takes place in the province. A. Jiangxi B. Sichuan C. Hubei 9. Pingju Opera originated from the Jidong region of the province.

A. Gansu B. Liaoning C. Hebei 10 The semitone in the musical sound system refers to . A. The distance between two tones B. The relationship between two tones C. The distance between two adjacent tones 11. The changing tones in the musical tone system refer to both.

A. A sound class without a fixed name B. A sound class with diacritical marks C. A sound class with rising and falling marks 12. The tonic in the musical sound system refers to . A. The main tone in the scale B. The main tone in the music C. The first tone in the scale 13. The minor key in Chinese folk songs refers to .

A. Minor-key structure B. Short work C. Local ditty 14. "Xintianyou", which is popular in northern Shaanxi and other places, belongs to the folk song category. A. minor B. trumpet C. folk song 15. The two tones are pronounced one after another.

A. Decomposition *** B. Decomposition C. Melody interval 16. Using the fixed solfa method, the seventh note of the G major scale is F sharp, which is caused by . A. Mode structure B. Musical structure C. Requirements of the work 17. "The Sound of Music" is adapted from the musical of the same name. The plot tells the story of a governess who is good at singing and dancing, a retired military officer and his children. .

This is a musical feature film. A. United Kingdom Austria C. United States 18. The modern understanding of "concerto" is.

A. A group of musical instruments playing with an orchestra B. Two groups of musical instruments playing with each other C. One musical instrument playing with an orchestra 19. The three-act opera "La Traviata" adapted from the novel of the same name by the French writer Xiao Dumas is Works by famous Italian composers of the 19th century. A. Rossini B. Verti C. Puccini 20 The famous "Ninth Symphony", also known as "From the New World", is the composer's immortal work.

A. Smetana B. Dvo?ák C. Tchaikovsky 21. "Sulweg's Song" is the heroine in the famous poetic drama "Peer Gynt" A song sung while spinning in front of the hut. The author is .

A. Grieg B. Ravel C. Schubert 22. my country’s modern opera "Sorrow" is adapted from Lu Xun’s novel of the same name. It was first performed in Beijing in 1982. His work is Created by famous Chinese musicians. A. Xu Peidong B. Gu Jianfen C. Shi Guangnan 23. The famous orchestral suite "Picture Exhibition" is the work of one of the members of the Russian "Powerful Group".

9. Some common knowledge about music

1.B

2. Bach-Germany, Haydn-Austria, Chopin-Poland

3 .Chopin's One-Minute Waltz, Beethoven-Moonlight Sonata, Berlioz-Symphony Fantasy

4.: "Gada Merlin"-Inner Mongolia "The Sun Comes Out"-Sichuan "Alam Khan"-Xinjiang< /p>

5. Nanyang - Wan Bang Anyang - Daxian Opera, Jiaozuo - Huai Bang

6. Hundreds of Birds Facing the Phoenix - Suona, Fishing Boats Singing Late Guzheng, House of Flying Pipa

2.1. "March of the Volunteers", lyrics by Tian Han, music by Nie Er

2. Henan Opera, Yue Diao, Henan Opera

3. Gong Shangjiao Zheng Yu< /p>

4.G major, D minor

On the second Saturday of May, cultural heritage is around me