Gothic architecture is mainly composed of stone skeleton coupons and flying buttresses. Its basic unit is to make a double-center skeleton tip coupon on the pillars at the four corners of a square or rectangular plane, one on each side and one on the diagonal, and the roof slate is supported on the coupon to form a vault. In this way, coupons with the same height can be made on different spans, and the vault is light in weight and clear in intersection, which reduces the thrust of the coupon foot and simplifies the construction.
Due to the architectural forms such as pointed vouchers, pointed arches and flying buttresses, the interior space of Gothic churches is spacious, simple and unified. The decorative details are also themed with sharp coupons, which makes the architectural style and structural techniques form an organic whole.
Gothic architecture occupies an important position in architectural history with its superb technical and artistic achievements.
Gothic dress: luxurious court dress style. For example, the Gothic charm of Princess Knight achieves the training of mysterious feminine taste, and the representative elements of Gothic style representing neo-romanticism are black and velvet, etc.
gothic literature and its cultural phenomenon
Gothic originally meant Germanic tribes in western Europe. At the level of architectural culture and writing from 18th to 19th centuries, the so-called "GothicRevival" excavated the gloomy mood of the Middle Ages from the tomb of historical context. At the same time, some literary works since the end of the 18th century are classified as "Gothic novels" because they have the same tone and style. For example, Walpole's TheCastleofOtranto, AnnRadcliff's TheMysteriesofUdolpho, Lewis's TheMonk, and of course Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. These works are devoted to dealing with cruel passion and supernatural horror themes, and the background of novels is usually set in desolate castles or secluded monasteries, in which the protagonist (usually young boys and girls) is trapped in an irresistible evil sexual/gender, and the abuser (usually positive) launches an encounter ending in death ................................................................................................ The extreme erotic climax comes from the moment of disillusionment (that is, the "completion" of the ceremony). The religious system symbolizing patriarchy and the dark (negative) forces trying to surpass it, in a certain unspeakable level, actually share the pleasure mode of "love mating and death" in a cool way. In the contemporary horror fiction camp, such as AnneRice's TheVampireChronicles, it reveals the complex interaction between gay lust and paternal mechanism.
interestingly, this phenomenon of Gothic culture not only spread on the pages of novels, but also invaded the garden of non-mainstream music in the second half of the 2th century, becoming a very different branch of alternative music. If you are familiar with the historical context of new music, you will know that from the late 197s to the 198s, some bands were branded as "PostPunkCool", "Neo-classic" or "Neo-Hippies" respectively, and gradually blended into the future Gothic Rock School.
early representative bands included SiouxsieandtheBanshees, Bauhaus, JoyDivision and so on. Their characteristics are gloomy and world-weary, and the icy notes have fine aesthetic feeling, but at the same time, they use a large number of discordant sounds that deviate from the melody line at the register level, interspersed with counter-measures against traditional music. On the concept level of lyrics and performance, it deals with the desolation of life and love, the rejection of reality, and then pursues the bizarre pleasure of the abyss of the soul. On the stage, she/they appear in a crazy dress, such as "Susie and the Ghost Demon" with a slightly SadoMasochistic "ice queen" look, or Bauhaus's lead singer PeterMurphy dresses himself up as a beautiful bisexual vampire. In addition to the subversion and reversal of gender, the strong quality of Gothic rock music is also manifested in its obsession with theological (or demonic) concepts. Founded in 1981, "TheSistersofMercy" is a demonstration of musical ideology by several men who love medieval styles. AndrewEldritch, the lead singer described as "laughing and watching Rome burn into a pile of rubble", speaks through the religious position of Gothic rock-for us, cynicism is like the holy water of Catholics.
if the early PostPunkCool's interpretation of life is depression and despair (such as Ian Curtis, the lead singer of Joy Division, committed suicide), Then, the "Sisters of Kindness" and their fellow bands, such as "TheMission", "AllaboutEve", "FieldsoftheNephilem" and "TheCult", may be obsessed with various annoying customs in reality in an attempt to overthrow the falsehood. In the album "God'sOwnMedicine" of the "Church", the first song "Wasteland" at the beginning of the story ironically sang "I still believe in God, but God no longer believes in me." This is a blasphemous declaration, presenting a shocking fact: for a long time, the power structure of God and man is just like the subject and object of sex structure. In this album, it is repeatedly scrutinized that while overthrowing faith, death is no longer a prop used by the father to intimidate, but an erotic utopia of traitors. Just like in the song "LoveMetoDeath", the peak of eroticism is beautifully laid out without being fixed by the rigid "Dominance-submission" relationship; In other words, in the field of death (scarcity), the fatal negative passion is not controlled and suppressed, and its own aesthetics is developed.
There is no denying that "death" is almost a key word in the cultural level of Gothic rock music. When some conservative voices or anti-frustration forces try to attack Gothic rock music and its secondary culture, we can see two kinds of responses: for example, the band "ChristianDeath", which deals with dark and painful feelings, for them, the scenes of corruption, eschatology and destruction deduced by death are enough to make us approach the "ultimateorgasm climax". In some albums, such as "On the Theatre of Pain", "The Fury of Angels" and "TheIronMask", the focus of "Death of Christians" is the beauty of this near-critical spasm. In one of the songs, "DeathWish", the lyrics at the end almost stated ecstatically that "Satan is the kindest beast", and with the piercing music, it was tantamount to ridiculing the binary opposing values that the religious/patriarchal system rudely standardized on various things.
another reaction may be to quote what PoppyZ.Brite said in the preface of LoveinVein, an anthology of vampire erotic novels: "Gothicsubculture is not a praise or love of death, but simply refuses to fear it. In the process of exploring death, slowly get close to it and get close to it. " This passage just explains why bands like "The Land of the Nepali Forest", "AndAlsotheTrees", "Will", "Lycia" and "TheMorendoes" are immersed in the macabreimage of "making love with the dead king". In addition, death is not necessarily a lack of life. Following the thread of these creators and the symbols and fables found in many pagan myths or evil spirits, death may be an exit close to the supernatural and non-human fields.
In the middle and late 199s, Gothic subculture not only bloomed at the level of literary and musical creation, but also influenced the cultural ecology and identity of this "mixed ethnic group" (including women, queers and erotic border elements). In the revolution of lust and gender, the Gothic subculture's pursuit of the so-called ideal model "hermaphrodite" is worthy of further examination, but it is also a beautiful weapon that helps to force the prohibition, so that the alien (the other) who used to be regarded as a demon can get rid of a single paradise and taste his own desires and the corpse of an angel.
how to identify a Gothic band?
1. The music atmosphere of this band is grotesque and surreal.
2. The lyrics of this band contain Gothic themes.
3. The appearance of the band members is very gothic.
4. The band called itself Gothic Band, performed with other Gothic bands and appeared in Gothic Collection.
5. Bands from four Gothic record companies Cleopatra, Projekt, Tess and Anubis.
how to identify a Gothic people?
personality: shy and unsociable.
artistic tendency: art, especially music, photography and painting. Humanities, especially literature, history and philosophy.
dress: black or dark clothes forever. Obvious religious ornaments, but they change their beliefs almost every day and never wear gold jewelry.
what is gothic style?
musically, nouns such as darkwave, gotht-echno, dark-alternative and ambiente are all Gothic.
Let's describe it in detail: the fear of darkness, the sadness of death, the forbidden love, and the aesthetic feeling brought by complete pain. In short, the dark side of human spiritual world.
vampire culture?
demonism? Cult?
Gothic is not religion, politics, race or gender. Most Gothic bands are non-religious or even actively anti-religious bands. The visual signals of vampires, Catholicism, ancient Egypt and paganism are only conveying "the power of darkness" to connect with the feeling of Gothic music.
Like other social groups of the same age, the Goths have social tendencies, and you will find that the biggest tendency among the Goths is actually extreme indifference to politics, because almost all parties' views sound the same and are useless.
The reason why Goth exists
Many people are dominated by a life without happiness and sense of accomplishment, which is unfortunate. But Goth makes this depressed feeling a way of life, in other words: pain is my life choice-this is an art.
Gothic may also be a kind of psychotherapy. If you talk to a white-collar worker who belongs to the mainstream society about your last attempted suicide, then he may take a strange look and stay away from you. In sunny days, you may get cheap companions and never feel sorry for you. The scar on your wrist will be seriously respected. "You are cool"! All people who feel out of place in society will find their place among the Goths, because everyone here is unique.
what is gothic fashion?
anything black, or other dark colors, such as navy blue and crimson. Permeable (thin nylon or fishnet fabric), but not exposed. Silver ornaments. Pale skin. This may be because they need the appearance of a living dead person, or because they want to embody the Victorian aesthetic that "pale skin is the symbol of nobility", or because they oppose the health theory that "the bronzed sun is beautiful" in beach culture.
black hair, bleached blonde hair, red hair or purple hair. Black and white makeup. White foundation. Black lipstick, black eye shadow, thin eyebrows.
Self-restraint decoration and fetish clothing. Leather, PVC, rubber and latex are all essential fabrics. Girdling in the Middle Ages was also very common. A wide tie or a nail collar or a velvet rope tied tightly around the neck.
T-shaped cross (symbol of eternal life in ancient Egypt). Five pointed star This is a pagan symbol about fire, land, air, water and soul. The cross (the symbol of Christianity).
Opera-style shawls, cloaks and long gloves. Goths are generally not as extreme as punks, they will talk about some tastes.
Moonlight is scattered all over the earth, and all the darkness belongs to the Gothic dynasty.
There are countless dark nights, and the moonlight coldly surrounds everything. Sharp lines across the air seem to explore the deepest evil in the world. Life is closely attached to death, rendering darkness and despair. Gothic was named after the Goth tribe in Germany, who invaded Italy and overthrew the Roman Empire. In the 15th century, people generally had the idea of Renaissance, hoping to return to the classical era. The period between the classical era and the Renaissance is called the Middle Ages. Because Italy hated the Goth people for destroying their Roman empire, people in the Renaissance always had a negative term for the Middle Ages, and they called this period "Gothic". It means barbarism and rudeness. Of course, we should see the two sides of things. The Middle Ages left many valuable cultural heritages and outstanding works of art to the world. During this period, there was a breakthrough in architectural technology, resulting in Gothic cathedrals like NOTRE-PAME. Gothic art is not only reflected in architecture. From the 12th century to the early 16th century, sculptures, glass products and decorations were labeled as Gothic art.. Religion plays an important role in Gothic art works. Painters and sculptors use religious feelings more than realistic methods to express their themes. In any case, it is obvious that the Renaissance people implicitly denied the word "Gothic".
In the English-Chinese dictionary, the definition of Gothic is as follows:
(a)1 Gothic; Gothic 2 (construction) Gothic 3 medieval; 4 (Indian) gothic; (British) 5 Gothic novels in bold (characterized by horror, desolation and decline) (n)1 Gothic 2 Gothic architecture, pointed arch