First of all, you need to understand what traditional music is:

1. The types and scope of music included in traditional music

In today’s Chinese music, not only It has rich historical resources and also rich folk traditional resources. These resources are living traditions that attract the interest of Chinese and foreign scholars. According to traditional Chinese music theory, China's national folk music can be divided into five categories.

1. Instrumental music

Chinese instrumental music can be divided into two categories: solo and ensemble. Solo music is again divided into categories such as bowing, plucking, windpipe, and percussion.

Similarly, ensemble music can also be further divided into string music, silk and bamboo music, wind music, drum music and wind and percussion music. These five types of ensemble music constitute the essence of traditional Chinese music.

2. Opera music

There are more than 300 types of local operas in China. These operas can be divided into four categories according to different music: (1) Pihuang tune; (2) Bangzi tune: (3) Kun tune; (4) Gao tune. Peking Opera belongs to Pihuang style.

3. Rap ??music

China is considered a country rich in rap music. Rap refers to the musical component contained in folk art. The main feature of this type of music is that storylines are often narrated during singing. According to a preliminary survey, there are more than 300 local rap music types across the country, which can be divided into eight categories: (1) Drum lyrics; (2) Qinshu; (3) Tanci); (4) Fishing drums); 5 (Brands) Qu; (6) walking singing; (7) miscellaneous songs); (8) ban chanting.

4. Folk songs

Folk songs are the basis of all kinds of folk music. In China, due to its vast territory and large population, there are rich and colorful folk songs in various places. Generally speaking, Chinese folk songs can be divided into three major categories: (1) folk songs; (2) minor tunes; (3) labor songs.

5. Folk dance music

There are also many kinds of folk dances in China with different styles. The most popular ones include (1) Yangko; (2) waist drum; (3) land boat racing; (4) lanterns; (5) tea picking; and so on.

What is Chinese traditional music, what are the characteristics of Chinese traditional music, what content does it include, what are the main works, and how to promote the Chinese nation

The components of Chinese traditional music Mainly include Buddhist music, Taoist music, rap music, opera music, and folk music.

Chinese ethnic music (also called folk music in mainland China, Chinese music in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao, Singapore, Malaysia and overseas (called Chinese music in the region) refers to various traditional Chinese music and the various types of music developed based on it. Its music types include solo concertos of various Chinese national instruments, various traditional Chinese instrumental ensembles, national orchestral ensembles (traditional Chinese orchestra ensembles) and small ensembles developed in modern times, and Chinese national style music performed by symphony orchestras. , and Chinese national vocal music, etc.

According to archaeological discoveries, Chinese folk music can be traced back to more than 7,000 years ago, and ancient documents generally date back to the Yellow Emperor. Over the course of thousands of years of history, the Chinese nation has created an extremely rich national music culture in both form and artistic conception. It pays attention to the neutrality, simplicity, moderation, implicitness and etherealness of artistic expression. Mainly the pentatonic scale. Unlike traditional Western art that focuses on three-dimensionality, it focuses more on expressing line forms. Since the 20th century, with the large-scale introduction of Western music, coupled with the "Eurocentrism" in the ideological field and the lack of in-depth understanding of national music culture by the Chinese people, Chinese national music has gradually been left out. Shanghai during the Republic of China produced a lot of excellent Chinese pop music. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, national music has been explored and studied to a great extent, and there was an attempt to establish a "Chinese School of Music". With the deepening of reform and opening up, national music has been impacted and challenged by Hong Kong and Taiwan pop music and other aspects. In recent years, many musicians have proposed the concepts of "new folk music" or "symphonic national music" and have made related music creations, but they have also been subject to great controversy.

The three major sources of Chinese national music

Chinese traditional music was formed and developed through the exchange and integration of music from the Central Plains, music from the Four Regions, and foreign music centered in the Yellow River Basin. . Therefore, it can be said that Central Plains music, music from the four regions, and foreign music are the three major sources of Chinese traditional music.

Central Plains music refers to music developed around the Yellow River Basin. In the long historical development process, the music culture of the Yellow River Basin, with the Han nationality as the main body, was formed. Among them, the music culture of the Yin, Shang and Western Zhou dynasties is of representative significance. In addition to the development and organization of the Six Dynasties music and dance and other kinds of music and dance, the stratification and hierarchization of the ritual and music system, the establishment of the Dasi music organization, the application of the law of profit and loss, etc., especially in the "eight tones" The emergence of "qin" (lyre) and its music in the classification of musical instruments established the basic model of traditional Chinese musical instruments and instrumental music.

The Four Regions Music refers to the music culture of all ethnic groups in China except the music culture of the Yellow River Basin created mainly by the Huaxia people in the Central Plains. Among them, areas such as the Yangtze River Basin and the Pearl River Basin are the cultural birthplaces of the Chinese nation, along with the Yellow River Basin. The music culture of the Chu culture in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River is colorful and unique. Together with the music of the Central Plains, it is an example of ancient Chinese traditional music. They reflect each other, compete with each other, blend with each other, and then derive and develop.

The Cantonese culture in the Pearl River Basin, the music culture of the ethnic minorities in the southwest, the role of the northwest as the ancient Silk Road in the spread and integration of music culture in many places, and the music culture of the ethnic minorities in the northeast all contributed to the formation and development of traditional Chinese music. development has made important contributions. Among them, in terms of musical instruments, as a representative example of the integration of Han music culture and ethnic minority music culture, various stringed instruments from Xiqin to Huqin can be cited.

The exchanges between Chinese music and foreign music have a long history. According to the "Biography of Emperor Mu", it is said that in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, King Mu of Zhou once took a large-scale band to travel to Western countries and conduct music exchanges. Later, in the Han Dynasty, along with the introduction of Buddhism, Hindu music and Indian music were also introduced into China; during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, a large amount of foreign music was imported, not only bringing foreign music, but also introducing musical instruments, rhythms, and scales. The pipa was introduced to China as a foreign musical instrument and was later transformed into a traditional Chinese musical instrument. It is one of the most representative musical instruments. Three periods of the development of Chinese folk music

1. The formation period of Chinese traditional music (about 21st century BC to the 3rd century AD)

This period includes the Xia, Shang, and Western Zhou dynasties Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States Period, and Han Dynasty. In terms of music genre, it has experienced the evolution from primitive music and dance to palace music and dance. In terms of melody tone and scale form, it has gone from the original period music that emphasized the minor third interval to the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods that emphasized the upper and lower major thirds of Gong, Shang, Zheng, and Yu. The "three-point profit and loss method" generates five tones, seven tones, and twelve tones, and initially establishes the pentatonic characteristics of traditional Chinese music melody. In terms of musical aesthetics, the debates between hundreds of schools of thought in the pre-Qin period established the theoretical endpoints of their respective theories thereafter. During this period, the most representative musical art form was the bell and drum band.

2. The new period of Chinese traditional music (about the 4th century to the 10th century AD)

This period includes the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties. The political turmoil during the Wei, Jin, and Southern and Northern Dynasties, as well as the migration of northern people to the south and the inward migration of ethnic minorities, constituted an impact on traditional Chinese music: first, the impact of metaphysics on Confucianism, which caused changes in musical thought; second, the impact of ethnic minority music and foreign countries The introduction of music introduced new factors in terms of instruments, rhythms, compositions and music theory. The result of its impact was to change China's traditional music and create a new generation of music internationalization. On the one hand, it is the Chineseization of world music, including the Chineseization of foreign music, the use of foreign instruments, the introduction of foreign tunes, the nationalization of foreign bands, and the contributions made by foreign musicians to the development of Chinese music. On the other hand, it is the globalization of Chinese music, that is, Chinese music has exerted an important influence on many countries in the world (especially neighboring countries, such as North Korea and Japan) with its brilliant achievements.

3. The period of compilation of traditional Chinese music (approximately 10th century to 19th century AD)

Including Liao, Song, Jin, Ming and Qing. Its political characteristics are: from chaos and division to relative unity, from North-South confrontation to the establishment of a unified multi-ethnic state regime, and its relative stability over a long period of time. Music culture has secular and social characteristics. The so-called secularity means maintaining a close relationship with the ordinary civilian class. The traditional music of this period has a broader social foundation in terms of performers, audiences, and audience members. In terms of music theory, it shows a tendency to inherit and clean up the previous period. The morphological characteristics of music have gradually become solid and stereotyped. Its representative music art form is the art of opera and its music. This art form is inherited from previous generations and inherited from later generations, and has widely absorbed new achievements in contemporary music, becoming a musical treasure house that combines ancient and modern music.

Traditional music is an extremely important part of my country’s national music. The difference between traditional music and new music does not lie in the order of the sounds when they were created, but in its form of expression and stylistic characteristics. For example, the erhu solos "Moon Reflected on Two Springs" and "Fishing Boats Sing Evening" are modern music works, but their performance forms are unique to the Chinese nation, so they are also traditional music.

When we put aside skills and technology and examine Chinese national music as a level of Chinese traditional culture, we will find that national music is a mirror of Chinese traditional culture, which reflects the long history of the Chinese nation. Historical pictures reveal the unique emotional world and humanistic spirit of the Chinese nation. Therefore, only by understanding Chinese national music can we truly understand the spirit of Chinese culture.

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