1. Number: Numbers represent the pitch of notes. The number 1 represents the sound in the bass zone, and the number 7 represents the sound in the treble zone. For example, 1 stands for Do in bass, 5 stands for Sol in alto, and 7 stands for Si in treble.
2. Large and small letters: capital letters indicate the notes of major scales, and lowercase letters indicate the notes of minor scales. For example, in c major, c stands for Do, and in c minor, c stands for Do.
3. Vertical lines or horizontal lines: vertical lines indicate bars and horizontal lines indicate the duration of sustain.
4. ".":The dot indicates that the duration of the note is increased by half. For example, 4 represents the duration of a quarter note plus an eighth note.
5."- ":A minus sign indicates that the pitch of a note is lowered by a semitone. For example, -5 means lowering the original five notes by a semitone.
6." # ":The pound sign indicates that the pitch of a note is raised by a semitone. For example, #5 means to raise the original five notes by a semitone.
7." | ":indicates the dividing line of this part.
8."[] ":indicates a chord. List the chords' notes in square brackets, for example, [C] indicates a chord in C major.
These are common symbols in music scores, but not all music scores use the same symbol rules. Some notations may use other special symbols or marks, which need to be interpreted according to specific circumstances. If you encounter special symbols or uncertain parts, you can refer to the notation or seek the help of other experienced musicians. In addition, learning the basic knowledge of music theory is also helpful to better understand the symbols in notation.