According to historical records, Jiangzhou drum music can be traced back to the early Tang Dynasty. In November of 6 19 (the second year of Tang Wude), Li Shimin led the troops to cross the Yellow River from Longmen, stationed troops in Qinwangbao, Bai Bi, and crusaded against Liu Wuzhou. In Xinjiang County, there is still a drum table used by Li Shimin when he was stationed in Baibi. It is said that in order to celebrate the victory of the King of Qin in various battles, people at that time wrote a magnificent piece of music, The Battle of the King of Qin, which showed the sound of wheels, hooves and hooves of the Li Shimin army. The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty says: "Since the broken array dance, drums have sounded, mixed with the music of Qiuci, and the sound has shaken the valley." Li Shimin, the king of Qin, is also proud of the music "The King of Qin Breaking the Array" written by soldiers and civilians to praise him. After Li Shimin ascended the throne, he put this song into the palace, and played this "Le Yan Daqu" at every ceremony to show his contribution to the destruction of Sui and Jian Tang Dynasties. Zhi Li Jiangzhou Annals in Qing Dynasty said: "When I was two years old, there were many incense sticks in villages and towns, so it was very convenient to recruit porridge vendors." The "Xinjiang County Records" published in the Republic of China also said: "Every competition will be staged for several days, and all kinds of stories will be played, such as gongs and drums." From the founding of New China to the mid-1980s, Jiangzhou drum music has been the main item in the local folk fire, and it is also the protagonist in sacrificial ceremonies, celebrations, weddings and temple fairs. It has also accumulated more than 300 Qupai, such as Xiao Qin's random soldiers, talking, rolling walnuts downhill and Tiger Claw's tiger fighting. There has always been a saying among the people in Xinjiang that "the northern shore sticks, the western coast whips, the stone slopes and cymbals, and the drums in Bazhuang shake the sky" and "the drums in Beizhuang are not as good as those in Nanzhuang".
representative works
Jiangzhou is a treasure house of Shanxi gongs and drums music. Huaqing Drum, Fennan Drum and Xiangchuan Drum were all born here. Qin Wang ordered soldiers, mice got married and rolled walnuts downhill, all of which were sublimated here. Jiangzhou drum music will become an important chapter in the music history of China.
Qin Wang's Broken Array Music
The King of Qin was knighted before Li Shimin ascended the throne. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Liu Wuzhou in Shuozhou rebelled, occupied Bingzhou and reached Hedong. Li Yuanji, the king of Qi, was defeated and ran back to Chang 'an. Li Shimin implored his troops to crusade against crossing the river, station troops in Jiangzhou Bai Bi, attack the east and kill the west, attack the south and advance into the north, recover Bing in one fell swoop, and save the Li family. When he returned triumphantly from Taiyuan in Beiding, the army wrote "The Joy of the King of Qin Breaking the Array" to welcome him. Historically, this kind of music was dominated by "beating gongs and drums" and "mixed with the music of Qiuci". Nowadays, in Xinjiang, there are not only "drumming tables", but also the gongs and drums of "Little Qin Wang ordered soldiers" and "Tang Wang went out of the city". The richness and prosperity of Jiangzhou drum music is probably related to this great historical source.
Qin Wang ordered soldiers.
This is a new work in the 1980s. This masterpiece is based on the original song of Qin Wang's broken array, absorbing some drum compositions, such as Fennan Drum, Huagu Opera, Hook's Tooth and so on. It is a new drum music in the socialist era, which combines history with today, the masses with experts, and amateurs with majors. It sensationalized Beijing twice and Paris once, which is the pride of the Yellow River culture and China culture.
The whole song "Qin Wang Dian Bing" includes six parts: introduction, drum edge section, drum heart section, gongs and drums section, colorful section and ending section. The tight and slow structure is suitable and the music is quite complete. It combines the characteristics of folk divertimento with modern music structure, and makes folk gongs and drums music leap to a new level.
The theme of the music is to send troops, from the promotion of the marshal to the entrance and formation of the officers and men, ready to end the war. Musical instruments are divided into high and low parts, and the high notes are drums, pawn drums and small bronze drums; Bass has handsome drums, general drums and large bronze wares. According to the requirements of the theme, different performance methods are adopted in the performance, including solo, duet, ensemble, dry percussion, fancy percussion, mixed percussion, slow, medium and fast; Four beats, three beats and two beats. The long horn sound in the introduction brings people into the ancient battlefield position; Drum edge adopts drum edge, drum state, drum ring and drum nail, which is novel and colorful with splint. The cadenza has absorbed the cadenza in the western concerto, which is unique and reflects the optimism of the soldiers before the war.