Introduction

Rumba (Rumba) is the transliteration of English Rumba. Also known as the love dance, it is a Latin dance that originated in Cuba, so it is also called Cuban Rumba. The dance rhythm is 4/4 time. It is characterized by being more romantic, charming, sexy and passionate; the steps are graceful and loving, lingering, paying attention to body posture, the dance is soft and graceful, the steps are graceful and graceful, and the provocation is at a distance. It is a dance that expresses the love emotions of men and women.

The name rumba may come from "rumboso orquestra", which was the name of a dance team in 1807, although in Spain, "rumbo" means channel and "rumba" means stacked Meaning, and no doubt in the Caribbean "rhum" is the name of a very popular alcoholic drink and it is possible that there is a reference to the drink when doing this dance. Some people think that the name Rumba is derived from the Spanish word - noisy drinking party.

In Cuba, rural rumba is considered a poultry pantomime performance that is more for viewing than for public participation. When dancing, it is necessary to keep the shoulders steady, which is characteristic of the shoulders of slaves who move with heavy objects on their backs. This footwork is called Cucaracha (I think I heard Teacher Zhou mention it in class, pronounced "Cucaracha"?), just like stomping on a cockroach. Turning is like walking on the shaft of a wheel. The popular rumba song la paloma became known in Cuba in 1886.

The United States introduced rumba in the 1830s, combining Guaracha, son, and Cuban Bolero dance with this country rumba in the form of a composite dance. Rumba became very popular in the United States in 1935 after George Raft's role as a gentle dancer won the heiress's heart in the movie "Rumba."

Represented by R. One of the Latin dance projects. The rhythm is 4/4, with 27 to 29 bars per minute. Four beats per measure. The melody is characterized by a downbeat that falls on the fourth beat of each measure. The dance steps start from beat 4 and consist of one slow step and two quick steps. Three steps are taken on four beats. The slow step takes up two beats (beat 4 and the first beat of the next measure), and the fast step takes up one beat each (the second and third beats). Swing your hips three times. The hip movement is made by moving one foot to control the center of gravity to form an "∞" swing to both sides. It has a graceful, graceful, soft and lyrical style.

Folk dance originated from black singing and dancing in Africa, popular in Latin America, and later developed in Cuba. In Cuba, all impromptu black songs and dances are called rumba. This kind of dance is completely self-entertaining. Sometimes a man and a woman can chase each other, or it can also become a group dance for many people. The dance steps are mainly hip twisting and twirling, with shoulder shaking added. The accompaniment is mainly percussion, and the dancers also shout and sing. The rhythm is 2/4 time, which is flexible and changeable. The folk rumba atmosphere was very lively and jubilant. After the 1920s, rumba was introduced to Europe and North America, and absorbed jazz and other dance elements, becoming an important form of ballroom dance.

Historical Origin

The name Rumba is a general term for a part of dance, covering many dance subcategories (such as Son, Danzon, Guagira, Guaracha, Naningo), etc., as an Indian A form of music or dance, the exact definition of which varies on each island.

Rumba dance has two origins: Spanish and African. Although the main documented development was in Cuba, similar dance forms were commonly developed in other parts of the Caribbean.

The origin of Rumba comes from the importation of black slaves in the 16th century. This dance nakedly expresses the sexual movements between men and women, including abnormally fast movements, exaggerated hip movements, etc. In the movements of Rumba , men are very aggressive while women's movements are full of defensive atmosphere. The music is harmonized with the expressive rhythm of the dancers by beating the STACCATO. Other instruments used are maracas, claves, marimbola and some drums.

With the Second World War, the "Son" became a popular dance among the Cuban middle class, and it is a modified slower and more elegant form. Slower than this is the "Danzon", a dance performed by Cuba's wealthy classes. The steps in this dance form are small and the woman has a very slight tilt of her hips, which is accomplished by taking turns bending and straightening her knees.

American rumba is a modified branch. The first official attempt to introduce rumba dance to the United States in 1913 was LEW QUINN and JOAN SAWYER. Ten years later, in 1925, it was accompanied by some musicians. The leader of the band brought in a pair of rumba performers. Benito Collada opened an EL CHICO club in Greenwich Village, and he found that New Yorkers knew nothing about rumba.

In 1929, Latin music began to become popular. In the late 1820s, Xavier Cugat formed a band specializing in Latin America, starting from the Coconut Grove nightclub in Los Angeles, and the music appeared in the early In the 1830s CUGAT played in the Waldorf Astoria Hotel in New York, where he was awarded Best Band ten years later.

In 1935, GEORGE RAFT played the role of a dancer named Joe Martin in the musical film "Rumba". Because of her similar dance interests, she eventually won the heiress Diana Harrison (Carole Lombard)'s heart.

In Europe, the spread of Latin dance (especially Rumba) relied more on the talents and efforts of Monsieur Pierre (who was the leading teacher of this dance type in London) in the 1830s when he With the efforts of his partner DORIS LAVELLE, he is committed to introducing traditional Latin American dance culture in London. After repeated research, old PIERRE and LAVELLE finally established the true Cuban style of rumba and became the officially recognized version in 1955.

Rumba is the essence and soul of Latin music and dance. The fascinating rhythm and physical performance make it The rumba became one of the most common dances in the ballroom.

Style and rhythmic characteristics

The style and rhythmic characteristics of rumba dance can be summarized as stable and medium swing, flexible and tough, fast and slow.

Steady swing:

The rhythm of rumba dance comes from labor. When working black people carry bananas and other fruits in large baskets on their heads, they are required to have a stable upper body and press up and down while walking. Top, forming a swing of the hips. Therefore, when dancing rumba, it is required to keep the spine straight and the shoulders flat. The swing of the hips is naturally caused by the shift of the center of gravity, rather than deliberately swinging the hips. When the foot takes a step, press the sole of the foot hard on the ground and bend the knee slightly. At this time, the knee of the other leg is straight. When the center of gravity shifts to the foot taking the step out, the heel is lowered, and the hip swings to the side and back; One is relaxed and slightly bent. The overall feeling is to lift the air, control the upper body smoothly, and keep the arms swinging freely.

Flexibility and toughness:

After stepping out, push the knees hard, and the swing of the hips looks light and soft, but in fact it is an internal force, with a memory of tenacity, so dance rumba If you dance for a long time, your buttocks will feel sore.

Fast and slow:

Rumba dance uses four beats and three steps. The rhythm is fast, fast and slow. One beat is one beat for a fast step and one beat is one beat for a slow step. Take three steps and swing your hips three times. Its kick movement is quick, whether it is a quick step or a slow step, it takes half a beat, and the swing of its hips is one beat for a quick step and two beats for a slow step. In fact, it is four beats and three steps. Each step is half a beat, and the hips are continuously swinging left and right. This contradictory and unified movement of up, down, slow and fast forms the unique rhythm of rumba dance.

Basic dance steps

The music rhythm of Rumba is 4/4, and the rhythm is 2~3~4&1. The accent is on the first and third beats. The basic dance steps of rumba are composed of fast, fast and slow movements in time with the music beat. Two quick steps are horizontal steps, followed by a slow step to complete a footwork. Each dance step of Rumba has two movements, one is stepping and the other is the movement of the center of gravity; one foot is on the ground, the center of gravity is kept on the other foot, and the center of gravity is gradually changed when stepping.

1. Rectangular step

Men's dance steps

Step the left foot to the left, bend the knee, and focus on the right foot - fast

< p>Change the center of gravity to the left foot, lean the right foot against the left foot, bend the right knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, stretch the left foot forward, bend the knee - slow

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, step the right foot to the right, bend the knee-quickly

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, lean the left foot against the right foot, bend the left knee-quickly< /p>

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, put the right foot back, bend the knee - slow

Women's dance steps

Step the right foot to the right, knee Bend, the center of gravity is on the left foot - Quick

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, lean the left foot against the right foot, bend the left knee - Quick

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, right Put your feet back, bend your knees - slow

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, step your left foot to the left, bend the knees - fast

Change the center of gravity to the left Feet, right foot against left foot, right knee bent - fast

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, stretch left foot forward - slow

2. Turn left

Men's dance steps

The center of gravity is on the right foot, the left foot is placed to the left, the knees are bent - quickly

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, and the right foot is on the left foot , bend the right knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, turn to the left at the same time, stretch the left foot forward, bend the knee - slow

Continue to turn, shift the center of gravity Switch to the left foot, place the right foot to the right, bend the knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, turn to the left at the same time, extend the right foot back, bend the knee - slow< /p>

Women's dance steps

Step your right foot to the right, bend your knees, and focus on your left foot - fast

Change your focus to your right foot, lean on your left foot Right foot, left knee bent - fast

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, turn to the left at the same time, extend the right foot backward, bend the knee - slow

Continue to turn, Change the center of gravity to the right foot, step the left foot to the left, bend the knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, lean the right foot against the left foot, bend the right knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, turn to the left at the same time, stretch the left foot forward, bend the knee - slow

3. Turn right and downward

Men's dance steps< /p>

According to the rhythm of fast, fast and slow, complete the rectangular step of Rumba, raise the right arm of the female partner, and step back slowly so that the female partner can turn downward

Continue In another rectangular step of the rumba, use your right hand to push the left side of the female partner's body so that she turns around under her right arm. When the man steps back slowly, he returns to the aligned position.

Women’s dance steps

According to the rhythm of fast, fast and slow, complete the rectangular steps of the rumba, raise your right arm, and prepare to turn downward while stepping forward slowly

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As you turn under your right arm, circle to the right. Start with your right foot and take three steps forward according to the rhythm of fast, fast and slow, turn around in front of your male partner, continue to move forward with semi-rectangular steps, and stand in a paired position

4. Cuban style walking Steps

Men's dance steps

Stand in the right position, with your feet close together, and the center of gravity of your body on your right foot

Wrap to the left, start with your left foot, and follow the quick steps , fast and slow rhythm (Cuban-style walking), move towards the dance line, use basic dance steps, and step back six steps

Women's dance steps

Stand in the right position, with both feet Move closer, with the center of body weight on the left foot

Go to the right, start with the right foot, and follow the rhythm of fast, fast, and slow (Cuban-style walking), and move towards the dance line, using basic dance steps, for six steps. Steps

Men's dance steps

Stand in the right position, with your feet close together, and the center of gravity of your body on your right foot

Wrap to the left, start with your left foot, and follow the quick steps , fast and slow rhythm (Cuban-style walking), towards the dance line, use basic dance steps, advance six steps

Women's dance steps

Stand in the right position, with both feet Come closer, with the center of body weight on the left foot

Wrap to the left, starting with the right foot, follow the rhythm of fast, fast and slow (Cuban walking), move towards the dance line, use basic dance steps, and step back six steps Steps

5. Open and wide steps

Men's dance steps

Left foot to left hip - fast

Right foot to left foot ——Quickly

Push the female partner away, step forward with your left foot, and stand to the right. Now you are standing in the same direction, use the Rumba handshake, stretch out your left arm, and bend Hold your right elbow - slowly

Now, while gradually pulling your female partner towards you, you have to follow the circle and step back to the right (don't tilt your shoulders). Take a few steps back according to the rhythm of fast, fast and slow (Cuban walking) until the female partner is standing in the right position

Women's dance steps

Right foot to right hip - —Quick

Left your left foot to your right foot —Quick

Step back with your right foot, leave your male partner, stand to the left, and now stand in the same direction, with your right hand on the male partner In the partner's left hand, bend the left arm - slowly

When the man pulls the female partner in front of him, he walks to the right in a circle (don't tilt your shoulders). Starting with your left foot, follow a fast, fast, slow rhythm (Cuban walking) and take a few steps forward until you stand in a paired position.

6. Cuban Step Off

The Cuban Step Off is a transitional step, used to change direction. ***There are two fast steps and one slow step. step. When changing from the forward direction to the backward direction, the male step is two steps forward, one step back, and one step forward, starting with the right foot.

7. Step forward and backward

Men's dance steps

Left foot forward, bend the knee - quickly

Shift the center of gravity to the left foot, bend the right foot - quickly

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, lean the left foot against the right foot, bend the left knee - quickly

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, move your right foot back, bend your knee—quickly

Shift your weight to your right foot, bend your left knee—quickly

Shift your weight to your left foot, and lean your right foot Left foot, bend the right knee - slow

Women's dance steps

Step back with the right foot, bend the knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, Bend the left knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, with the right foot leaning on the left foot, bend the right knee - slow

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, with the left foot forward Cross over, bend your knees - fast

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, bend the right knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, bring the left foot to the right foot, and the left knee Bend - Slow

8. Left and right horizontal steps

Men's dance steps

Keep your feet close together, with the center of gravity on the right foot.

Step left foot to the left, bend the knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, bend the right knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to Right foot, left foot leaning on the right foot, left knee bent - slow

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, step right foot to the right, bend the knee - fast

Place the center of gravity Switch to the right foot, bend the left knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, lean the right foot against the left foot, bend the right knee - slow

Women's dance steps

Step your right foot to the right, bend your knee—quickly

Change your weight to your right foot, bend your left knee—quickly

Change your weight to your left foot, right Put your foot on your left foot, bend your right knee - slow

Change your weight to your right foot, step your left foot to the left, bend your knee - fast

Change your weight to your left foot , bend the right knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, lean the left foot against the right foot, bend the left knee - slow

9. Butterfly step-out

Men's dance steps

Stand in the right position, with your feet close together and your body weight on your right foot.

Stand your body to the left, put your left foot on the ground, step over your right foot and put it behind you, and at the same time make your female partner turn outward to the right - quickly

Close your body and put your right foot Step down - fast

Restore the aligned position, step on the ground with your left foot - slow

Stand to the right, put your right foot on the ground, step over with your left foot, and place it behind you. At the same time, make the female partner turn outward to the left, let go of her right hand - Quick

Close your body, step down with your left foot - Quick

Restore the combined position, step on the ground with your right foot, Place your right hand under the left shoulder blade of your female partner - Slow

Women's dance steps

Stand in the right position, with your feet close together and the center of gravity of your body on your right foot.

Stand your body to the right, with your right foot on the ground, step over with your left foot and put it behind - fast

Close your body, touch your left foot on the ground - fast

Restore the aligned position, put your right foot on the ground - slow

Stand your body to the left, touch your left foot on the ground, step over with your right foot and put it behind you - fast

Body Come closer, step down with your right foot - fast

Restore the aligned position, step on the ground with your left foot - slow

10. Cross style

Men's dance steps

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Stand in a matching position, with your feet close together, your body weight on your right foot, and your left hand holding your partner's right hand.

Use your right foot to pivot to the right, step your left foot in front of your right foot, and bend your knees - quickly

Change your center of gravity to your left foot, and move your right foot in place. Bend the knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, turn slightly to the left, lean the left foot against the right foot, bend the left knee - slow

Change the center of gravity to the left foot , pivot to the left, straddle the right foot in front of the left foot, bend the knee - Quick

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, bend the left knee in the original position - Quick

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, pivot slightly to the right, lean the right foot against the left foot, and bend the right knee - slowly

Repeat the above steps, and change the center of gravity to the right foot.

Women's dance steps

Stand in a matching position, with your feet close together, your body's center of gravity on your left foot, and your right hand held by the male partner's left hand.

Use your left foot to pivot to the left, step your right foot in front of your left foot, and bend your knees—quickly

Change your center of gravity to your right foot, and move your left foot in its original position. Bend the knee - fast

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, turn slightly to the right, lean the right foot against the left foot, bend the right knee - slow

Change the center of gravity to the right foot , pivot to the right, straddle the left foot in front of the right foot, bend the knee - Quick

Change the center of gravity to the left foot, bend the right knee in the original position - Quick

Change the center of gravity to the right foot, pivot slightly to the left, lean the left foot against the right foot, and bend the left knee - slowly

Repeat the above steps, and change the center of gravity to the left foot.

11. Turn right on the spot

Men's dance steps

Stand in the right position, with your feet close together and the center of gravity on your right foot.

Turn slightly to the right, with your left foot facing across - fast

Continue to turn to the right, with your right foot behind your left heel, forming a right angle - fast

Continue to turn to the right, with your left foot facing across - slow

Continue to turn to the right, with your right foot behind your left heel, forming a right angle - fast

Continue Turn right, step your left foot across - fast

Continue to turn right, step your right foot behind your left heel, forming a right angle - slow

Women's dance steps

Stand in a matching position with your feet close together and your weight on your left foot.

Step forward with your right foot and turn slightly to the right at the same time - Quickly

Continue to turn to the right and cross with your left foot - Quickly

Continue to turn towards the right Turn right, plant your right foot on the ground, and follow your right foot in front of your left toe, forming a right angle - Slow

Continue to turn to the right, with your left foot facing across - Fast

Continue to move forward Turn right, place your right foot on the ground, and follow your right foot in front of your left toe, forming a right angle - fast

Continue to turn right, with your left foot crossing - slow

Men's dance steps

Stand in a matching position with your feet close together and your body weight on your right foot.

Turn left, put your left foot on the ground - fast

Continue to turn left, move your right foot across - fast

Continue to turn left, Step your left foot in front of your right toe, forming a right angle - Quick

Continue to turn left, with your right foot crossing - Quick

Continue to turn left, step your left foot on In front of the right toe, form a right angle - fast

Continue to turn left, right foot across - slow

Women's dance steps

Stand together Position, feet close together, body weight on the left foot.

Put your right foot across, turn slightly to the left - Quick

Continue to turn left, put your left foot behind your right heel, forming a right angle - Quick

Continue to turn to the left, with your right foot facing across - slow

Continue to turn to the left, with your left foot behind your right heel, forming a right angle - fast

Continue Turn left, right foot across - fast

Continue to turn left, step left foot behind the right heel, forming a right angle - slow

In addition, return to the door step , the New York step is also a relatively basic dance step.