As a category of Chinese dance art, Chinese classical dance is based on the traditional folk dance, refined, organized, processed and created by professional workers of all generations, and has been tested by long-term artistic practice. A characteristic dance of classical style that has been passed down and has certain exemplary significance. Classical dance was founded in the 1950s and was once called "opera dance" by some people. It itself is a mixture between opera and dance.

Traditional opera and martial arts are the basis for establishing Chinese classical dance training. The basic training of Chinese classical dance fully embodies the distinctive national characteristics of our Chinese nation. The techniques and skills in basic training have unique national characteristics and are very different from those in other dance types.

1. The origin of classical dance

The germination and formation of dance can be traced back to the prehistoric period of human development, far beyond the scope of human memory. As a category of dance art in my country, Chinese classical dance is based on the traditional folk dance and has been refined, organized, processed and created by professional workers of all generations, and has been passed down through the test of long-term artistic practice. It has certain exemplary significance. Characteristic dance in classical style. It itself is a mixture between opera and dance, that is to say, it has not completely transformed from opera. If you call it opera, it has removed the most important singing and chanting in opera; if you call it dance, it also has A lot of the original state of the opera is maintained. The songs and dances in operas serve to read stories. Even a martial arts drama without singing or acting is still a drama, and the dance's dependence on the character's profession is also very clear.

From its origin, classical dance is a revival of ancient dance, a revival of opera dance, and a revival of thousands of years of Chinese dance tradition. It is very obvious that its aesthetic principles are not a new invention, but the spread and continuation of Chinese culture for thousands of years. They are connected by a long thread from ancient times to the present. These principles can be seen not only in operas, but also in the music and dance of Tang and Song Dynasties. In the "dance dramas" of the Han and Wei dynasties, and even in the rites and music of the Shang and Zhou dynasties, traces of its cultural characteristics can be seen. In terms of its flow, it is a brand-new art category generated from the original organism. This is a category that can be compared with ballet. , a new dance type comparable to modern dance, this derived dance type is an authentic Chinese product.

2. Rhythmic characteristics of classical dance

Classical dance also has outstanding rhythmic characteristics, which is inseparable from the characteristics of our national music. Our national music rarely resembles Western music has a regular, uniform, pulsating rhythm of equal strength and weakness, which is generally characterized by elastic rhythm and a combination of dots and lines. It is reflected in the rhythm that it is mostly dotted (stretch - rush) or segmented (hurry - stretch), or it is stretching at both ends and stretching in the middle, or it is stretching at both ends and the middle is stretched, or it is fast and slow, or it is slow and fast, etc. wait. Therefore, the inner rhythm of the movements formed, such as softness, movement and stillness, slowness, relaxation, hesitation, cadence, combination of points and lines, etc., thus produce our specific kinetic characteristics and sense of rhythm.

3. The penetration of the rhythm of body movements

The rhythm of body movements extracted from the body posture class must be integrated through our basic training classes, and it must be based on the style and body art expression of the basic training. The national level of strength and skills are combined and used in basic training courses, and gradually form an integral part of the basic training teaching materials. For example, the rhythmic elements of lifting, sinking, rushing, leaning, holding, holding, moving, and side-lifting run through the movements; the requirements of breathing run through; the requirements of rhythm characteristics run through; the requirements of hands, eyes, body, method, and steps run through. For example, the opponent's requirements include training of fingers, wrists, elbows, arms, and shoulders; one is functional quality training of lifting, pulling, stretching, and pulling in terms of ability and amplitude; and the other is artistic quality training in terms of ideas and feelings. Only in this way can the "spirit, energy and rhyme" of folk dance be reflected, and the ballet-oriented and acrobatic tendencies of basic training courses be broken; and the purely functional and rigid, rigid and rigid training of basic training courses can be changed. tendency. At the same time, it also solves the linguistic nature of the combination and combines body skills with national technology, skills, and quality training.

4. National characteristics of technology and skills

(1) Characteristics of rotation

1. The rotation skills in the basic training of Chinese classical dance are based on twisting and tilting. The dance structure is the main feature, which is very different from the rotation in basic ballet training. The rotations in basic ballet training are all straight, and most of them are three-dimensional composition and image shaping based on the frontal plane. Therefore, the movements are long and stretched, with a strong sense of extension. The driving of the body, the driving of the arms, and the driving of the stride are all very important. Rotation relies on the coordination of the whole body.

The rotation in the basic training of Chinese classical dance, in addition to the straight body rotation, is also characterized by the rotation of the body shape in the twisting and tilting dance posture, especially the balance of "tilt" The rotation of the center of gravity creates a three-dimensional composition based on the meridian phase of the upper and lower body to shape the image. Therefore, the movements show elongation in graceful movements, continuation of rapid movements in the air, and changes in the spiral shape, such as turning with the legs turned behind the back, raising the chest, turning backwards and turning sideways.

2. Due to the characteristics of belt rotation, there are various "methods" for the basic training of Chinese classical dance, and most of them are "methods" during the movement. Such as Dayebuzhuan, sweeping hall and exploring the sea.

3. In the basic training of Chinese classical dance, the folk dance posture turns have a strong "body technique". Some folk dance posture turns can be said to be continuation and exaggeration of the body technique.

4. The fluidity and compounding of folk dance postures are relatively strong, and the spatial changes are large, such as from bottom to top or from top to bottom, and in the process of turning, there are various The complex and flowing characteristics of this kind of dance.

The development of folk dance Zi Zhuan is just the beginning. There is still a lot of room and good prospects.

(2) Characteristics of turning over

Turning over is our unique national skill. Its variety and style and its wonderful changes are unmatched by any country or nation.

Turn over is a unique skill form in the basic training of Chinese classical dance. It is a turning of the body in a horizontal tilt state with the waist as the axis. The movements from beginning to end consist of twisting, raising, leaning down and lifting sideways.

1. Strong national character

The skill form of turning over fully embodies the aesthetic characteristics and dynamic characteristics of classical dance, and it is most closely integrated with body skills. Therefore, it has a strong national character.

2. Strong imageability

Turnover has a distinctive image in space movements, such as "turn over in the sea", "turn over with kicking legs" and other large and slow turns. The line movement is continuous and round, like undulating waves; the "step-by-step turn" is agile and fast, as fast as lightning; the continuous "string turn" is like a rolling wheel, which is very vivid.

3. Strong expressiveness

Turn over using various speeds and rhythms, different connections, and different personalities to produce different artistic sensory effects, so that you can express a variety of different The feelings and sentiments of the word, such as slow and continuous turning, express a lingering and pathos feeling; fast turning, showing cleanliness or lightness and playfulness; rapid and powerful turning, showing bravery and vigor...

In recent years, turning over With new developments, structural forms have been enriched, fluidity and complexity have been strengthened, and contrast has been strengthened. In addition to the contrast of hardness and softness, quickness and slowness, size, and speed, as the training content and skills of the basic training of Chinese classical dance, As a means of expression, it can be further developed to better demonstrate the national characteristics of our nation.

(3) Characteristics of bouncing

The bouncing in the basic training of Chinese classical dance requires lightness and gracefulness in the method of force, a combination of tightness and tightness during movement, and the force must be concentrated. , the process should be fast, pay attention to "exerting force at the root, exerting force at the tip", and pay attention to "inch strength".

In terms of jumping, the characteristics of our nation are becoming more and more obvious, and the difficulty is getting higher and higher.

1. Innovate and enhance the difficulty of the original national skills.

2. Strengthen the "body skills": develop the body movements on the ground into the air. In the process of jumping, there are twisting, tilting, turning, flashing, spreading, soaring and moving.

3. There has been new development in lateral turns in the air, which shows the characteristics and enhanced skill of our national skills.

4. Contrast between high and low, ups and downs, and sharp contrast are another characteristics of Chinese classical dance bounce.

5. Due to the explosive power of bouncing skills, it provides and creates conditions for the development of the complexity of bouncing skills. In recent years, there has been substantial development in the composite skills of bouncing.

6. Changing directions in the air is also a characteristic of classical dance jumping.

7. Combining jumping and martial arts skills.

Countless body movements and techniques are important aspects to absorb in classical dance. But their training purposes are different. The training of martial arts is for the purpose of attack and defense, while the training of dance is for the purpose of shaping the character's image and characterizing the character.

8. Combined with body movements, it forms and strengthens the fluidity, language and style characteristics of classical dance.

Conclusion

Chinese classical dance has initially formed our nation’s own training system, and this system has relatively strong national characteristics and has our nation’s aesthetic characteristics and aesthetics. Standards, with our level of difficulty and artistic expression, cannot be replaced by other training systems.

By fully understanding the national characteristics of these technologies and techniques, we can better master the key points of their movements during the training process, which can also give us confidence. Professor Li Zhengyi said this when interpreting "classical dance": It is not a copy of ancient dance, but a new classical dance based on a strong foundation of traditional dance aesthetics and adapted to the appreciation habits of modern people. It takes the nation as the main body, is based on national aesthetic principles such as opera and martial arts, and absorbs and draws on beneficial parts of foreign arts such as ballet, making it an independent, national and contemporary dance type and system.