Interpersonal relationships can be divided into broad and narrow senses. In a broad sense, interpersonal relationships refer to the relationships between people, including all relationships between people in society, as well as relationships between people. All aspects. But this definition does not reveal the particularity of interpersonal relationships. In a narrow sense, interpersonal relationships refer to the direct psychological relationships between people that occur and develop in material interactions and spiritual interactions. Interpersonal relationships It is an aspect of social relationships. From a historical perspective, it is an extremely ancient social phenomenon that occurred simultaneously with the origin of mankind. Its extension is very wide, including parent-child relationships, husband-wife relationships, friend relationships, classmate relationships, teacher-student relationships, Colleague relationships, etc.
Interpersonal relationships and social concerns about living expenses are inseparably linked: on the one hand, interpersonal relationships are lower-level relationships in social relationships and are determined and restricted by production relations and political relations; On the other hand, interpersonal relationships penetrate into all aspects of social relations and are a cross-section of the social production system, which in turn affects social relations. It directly affects the cohesion of the group, people's psychological environment and the quality of the social environment. We Everyone lives in a variety of realistic and specific interpersonal relationships.
Psychological factors affecting interpersonal relationships Interpersonal relationships are affected by four psychological factors and behaviors such as cognition, emotion, personality, and ability. The influence of behavioral factors.
1. Cognitive factors are the result of interpersonal perception, including three aspects, namely self-cognition, cognition of others and cognition of communication itself. Recognition of self Knowledge affects self-expression in interpersonal communication. Knowledge of others affects attitudes and behaviors towards others. Knowledge of communication itself affects the purpose, breadth and depth of communication. Interpersonal communication is where both parties satisfy each other's psychological needs. In the process, you cannot only consider your own satisfaction and ignore the needs of the other party, otherwise it will cause communication obstacles.
2. Emotional factors
Emotional factors in interpersonal communication refer to the mutual understanding between the two parties. The degree of emotional likes and dislikes between each other, emotional sensitivity, satisfaction with the current situation of communication, and other people's evaluation attitude towards self-success, etc.
Emotional expressions in interpersonal communication should be timely and moderate, and should be done as needed. Changes with changes in objective circumstances. Unfavorable emotional reactions will affect interactions. For example, if you react indifferently during interactions and are indifferent to things that ordinary people can feel happy, angry, sad, and happy about, you will be considered by others to be insensitive, heartless, and unsuitable for interactions; if your emotional reactions are too excessive If you are strong and wanton and indulge regardless of the occasion and the person, others will think you are frivolous and unrealistic. If your emotions are not stable and changeable, people will think you are not suitable for dating.
3. Personality factors
< p>Personality factors have a vital influence on interpersonal communication. Some bad personality traits, such as hypocrisy, selfishness, disrespect for others, strong desire for revenge, strong jealousy, suspicion, over-demanding, low self-esteem, pride, loneliness and stubbornness Wait, leaving others with unpleasant feelings or even a sense of danger will affect interpersonal communication. Therefore, good interpersonal communication is inseparable from the personality qualities of both parties.4. Ability factors
Lack of communication skills is one of the reasons that affects interpersonal communication. For example, some people have a strong desire to make friends, but they always feel that there is no chance; they want to express themselves, but they make a fool of themselves; they want to care for others, but they don’t know where to start. ; I want to praise others, but I can't speak; I want to mediate the support of others, but I often do bad things with good intentions, etc. Interpersonal communication skills are not fixed and can be improved through conscious exercise. The key is to practice more Practice communication and use your brain more.
5. Behavior
Communication behavior includes all the quantities that can be measured and recorded such as behavior, demeanor, expressions, gestures and words. Value. First of all, moderate and elegant communication behavior will leave a good impression on people and effectively improve interpersonal relationships. The decisive factor of behavior is communication psychology. Of course, training and exercise are also very important.
In Among the above-mentioned factors, emotional factors play a leading role, restricting the breadth, depth and stability of interpersonal relationships. Friendship, family affection, and human relations are usually talked about from the emotional aspect. It can be said that the mutuality of emotions Dependence is the primary characteristic of interpersonal relationships. But generally speaking, in non-organizational relationships, the emotional component plays the main regulatory function; while in formal organizational relationships, behavior is the dominant component in regulating interpersonal relationships.
Some skills in interpersonal communication It is important to understand the psychology of interpersonal communication, and it is equally important to master some interpersonal communication skills on this basis. Only in this way can we build
Establish good interpersonal relationships.
Interpersonal communication skills 1. Understand the person you are communicating with
Correctly understanding the person you are communicating with is the first step to improve interpersonal communication and establish good interpersonal relationships. To We know that people generally pay more attention to themselves than to others. A person is first interested in himself rather than in others. Therefore, we must put ourselves in the other person's shoes, rather than looking at the other person based on subjective imagination.
2. Skills in talking with people
Choosing the topics that the other party is most interested in is the foundation of conversation skills. Remember: people are often most interested in topics about themselves. ;Whether you are interested in the conversation is not important, what is important is whether your audience is interested in the conversation. Therefore, when talking to others, talk more about the other person and guide the other person to talk about themselves, which can make you popular.
3. How to skillfully make others feel important
Everyone desires to be recognized and understood. Therefore, in interpersonal communication, try to make the other person aware of their own importance, which will make you You are popular, and the more you make the other person feel important, the more popular you will be, and the more the other person will repay you. What should you do? The following points are for reference only:
(1 ) Listen carefully to what the other person says. (2) Praise and compliment the other person. (3) Mention the other person’s name from time to time. (4) When answering the other person’s questions, pause briefly and appear solemn.
4. The art of agreeing with others is to learn to agree with others, especially when the other person makes a mistake. Wise men and great men are often very good at agreeing with others. How to learn to agree with others, you can refer to the following practices:
(1) Put you Speak out your agreement. (2) Bury your objections mentally on things that don’t matter. (3) Be brave enough to admit your mistakes. (4) Argue less with others.
(5) If there is a conflict, it must be handled promptly and correctly. 5 Listening Skills
The more you listen, the smarter you will become, you will be loved by more people, and you will have better interpersonal relationships. .So, how to be a good listener? The following suggestions are for reference:
(1) Look at the speaker. (2) Get close enough and concentrate. (3) Mention something from time to time. Question. (4) Don’t interrupt the speaker with other topics. 6. Skills in influencing others
To influence others and prompt them to do things according to your wishes, the most fundamental thing is to make it clear what others want What. After that, you just need to simply explain to them: As long as you do this, you can get what you want. How to understand what others want? Ask more, observe more, listen more, and work harder.
< p>7 Tips for persuading othersIf what you say is obviously beneficial to yourself, people usually will not trust you. This is a human instinct. Therefore, if you want to persuade others, it is best not to be direct When telling a story, you should quote his words and kill someone with a borrowed knife.
8 Tips for prompting others to make decisions (1) Give reasons for others to agree with you and make them believe that they will do what you say. Benefit.
(2) Let the other party choose one of your two options (3) Ask the other party some questions that can only be answered with correct answers. But the method should be appropriate, nod, and use your Introduction
(4) Let the other person know that you are expecting a positive answer. 9. How to leave a good first impression
You must know that the first impression in a relationship is It often determines the outcome and tone of the entire communication process. Therefore, it is very important to leave a good first impression. Before you make eye contact with the other party, speak, or break the silence, show your friendly smile to mobilize emotions and give people A good way to leave a good first impression.
10 Tips for praising others
Everyone likes to hear praises from others; praise is the lubricant of interpersonal relationships. To praise others, you must first Show a sincere attitude, and secondly, pay attention to praising their behavior rather than the person. In addition, praise must be targeted and not empty words.
11. Skills in criticizing others. Praise is important, but criticism is often indispensable. Criticizing someone who has made mistakes appropriately and skillfully will deepen the relationship between you.
(1) Try not to criticize others in public (2) Give reasons for criticism (3) Before criticizing It is best to give some praise first (4) Criticism should be targeted at things rather than people (5) Criticism should be timely and not accumulated
(6) Ease the emotion before the criticism is over. 12. Thank you.
People's skills (1) Have a sincere attitude. (2) Express it clearly and naturally. (3) Look into the other person's eyes.
(4) Say the other person's name. 13. Give To make a good impression on people, you must first improve yourself and give others a reason to appreciate you. Secondly, pay attention to the following behaviors:
(1) Be sincere in your attitude (2) Be enthusiastic in treating others (3) Don't be impatient in everything (4) Don't belittle others, elevate yourself (5) Don't attack others 14. Speaking skills
(1) Be clear-headed and know what you are saying (2) Be concise Understand, don’t be wordy. (3) Pay attention to the audience. (4) Talk about topics that the audience is interested in.
(5) Don’t pretend to be a lecture