Category: Culture/Art>> Literature

Analysis:

25 Boya Juexian

1. Interpretation of textbooks

1. Brief introduction to the text.

Life is short and good friends are hard to find; the clouds are thousands of miles away and good stories last for thousands of years. The foundation of pure friendship is understanding. The most vivid and profound explanation of Chinese culture in this regard is the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi of the Chu State during the Spring and Autumn Period. "Bo Ya Jue Xian" is an eternal model for making friends. It has been passed down to this day and has inspired people for a long time. It is this story that has established the standards of noble interpersonal relationships and friendship for the Chinese nation, and it is well deserved to be called a treasure of oriental culture.

The story is soul-stirring and thought-provoking. Boya liked to play the piano, and Ziqi had a high ability to appreciate music. Boya melted his emotions into the music, and used the sound of the piano to express his sentiments that stood majestically between heaven and earth like a mountain, and his wisdom that surged through the universe like the sea. His piano skills reached the level of proficiency. Zhong Ziqi's sentiment and wisdom just resonated with him. No matter how Boya played, Ziqi could accurately express Boya's thoughts. Boya was overjoyed to hear the news and said: "How many people can we know each other all over the world?" After Ziqi's death, Boya was devastated and felt that no one in the world could understand him so clearly. "The ancients said: "A scholar dies for a confidant." Boya's Jue Xian symbolizes the state of a true confidant, which is also its charm that has been widely circulated for thousands of years. location.

The purpose of selecting this text is, firstly, to allow students to initially understand the general idea of ??classical Chinese with the help of annotations; secondly, to accumulate excellent Chinese classic poems and feel the innocent friendship of mutual understanding and mutual appreciation between friends; thirdly, to experience music The infinite charm of art.

The focus of this article's teaching is to allow students to read through and understand the content with the help of annotations and reference books, and to memorize and accumulate on this basis.

2. Word analysis.

(1) Understanding of sentences.

① Boya played the drum and harp, aiming at the high mountains, Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is, the high mountains are like Mount Tai!" Aiming on the flowing water, Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is, the ocean is like a river!"

"Good", great. "If", it seems. When Boya played the piano, he thought of mountains. Zhong Ziqi listened and said (praise): "You play so well! It's like the towering Mount Tai (standing in front of me)!" Boya thought of flowing water, Zhong Ziqi said Ziqi (drunk and rapping): "It's wonderful! The sound of the piano is like an endless river (flowing through my heart)!"

After reading this sentence, we have a deep understanding of " "Bo Ya is good at playing the harp, and Zhong Ziqi is good at listening", we have a more real and vivid understanding. Bo Ya's piano skills were superb, and Zhong Ziqi's appreciation level was equally superb. When teaching, through repeated chanting, you can experience Zhong Ziqi's heartfelt admiration and Boya's ecstatic mood when he met his close friend.

②What Bo Ya thinks about, Zhong Ziqi will definitely get it.

No matter what Boya was thinking, Zhong Ziqi could accurately express his thoughts. Only Zhong Ziqi, who is well versed in music, can truly understand Boya's exquisite music. Only Zhong Ziqi can truly understand Boya's thoughts. If you are in love with each other, you are a close friend!

③Bo Ya said that there will be no more music in the world, which means that he will break the strings of his harp and never play the drum again in his life.

"Broken Qin" means breaking the Qin into pieces. "Bosom friend" is someone who understands one's own thoughts and speaks the same language. This refers to Boya treating Zhong Ziqi as his close friend. "Recover", again, again. Boya was devastated and felt that he would never find a close friend (who knew him better than Zhong Ziqi) in the world, so he broke his beloved piano and stopped playing it for the rest of his life.

After Zhong Ziqi died, Boya was distraught and dejected, and resolutely "broken the strings of the harp". What a tragic and touching act! The deep friendship between friends is touching. For thousands of years, the allusions of "bosom friend" have not only been popular in China, but also become famous overseas.

(2) Understanding of words.

Boya Juexian: Jue, cut off. Because Ziqi died, Boya broke his qin and stopped playing it. It is a metaphor for giving up a certain specialty or hobby after the death of a close friend to express condolences.

Bosom friend: a person who understands your own thoughts and speaks the same language.

2. Teaching objectives

1. Read the text aloud. Recite the text.

2. Can understand the meaning of words and sentences based on notes and extracurricular materials, and can tell the story in his own words.

3. Accumulate Chinese classic poetry and feel the sincere friendship between friends.

3. Teaching Suggestions

1. This is the second time for students to come into contact with classical Chinese. When learning this article, students should first be guided to read the article correctly and fluently, paying special attention to appropriate pauses. For example:

Boya/good/guqin, Zhong Ziqi/good at listening. Boya played the harp and played the harp, aiming at high mountains. Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is! It's as high as Mount Tai!" Aiming for flowing water. Zhong Ziqi said: "How good it is! It's like a river!" Boya said. Think about it, Zhong Ziqi/will get it. When Ziqi died, Boya said that there would be no more music in the world, and the strings of the qin were broken, and the drums would no longer be played for the rest of his life.

2. The writing of this article is concise and fluent, with less than a hundred words, and there is not much difference between ancient and modern word meanings, which helps to train students to independently understand the meaning of the text with the help of annotations. It is recommended to take the following steps:

(1) Students try to read the text. According to the reading situation, the teacher can demonstrate reading the text, guide students to pause appropriately, and read the two modal particles "哉, 西" that express exclamation. Read fluently on the basis of correct reading.

(2) After the text is read smoothly, ask students to understand the meaning of each sentence based on the notes, illustrations and context. The teacher provides guidance so that students can understand the context.

3. After understanding the content of the text, guide students to read the text aloud and recite the text. While reading, you can feel the sincere friendship of mutual understanding and appreciation among friends, and exchange your feelings and understandings of "bosom friends". If conditions permit, students can be arranged to listen to "High Mountains and Flowing Waters" to appreciate the rich and smooth melody and feel the infinite charm of music.

4. Expand the exchange of ancient and modern Chinese and foreign famous sayings about making friends, and understand how people value friendship.

5. The teaching of classical Chinese should focus on self-reading and self-enlightenment. Read it fully, read it passionately, and get the charm of the article. Humanistic connotations only need to be experienced, and there is no need to forcefully instill them.

4. Teaching Cases

1. Introduction

There is a story that has been passed down through the ages and is recited to this day. It is the " Boya Jue Xian". I hope that through today’s study, students can further understand classical Chinese and like classical Chinese.

2. Overall reading of the text

1. Read it freely, read it aloud, and read it several times if you don't understand it.

2. Read again, make random comments, and when necessary, the teacher will read or lead reading, and pay attention to guide students to feel the rhythm and charm of classical Chinese.

3. The initial solution to Juexian

1. Understand the title of the article: What does "Bo Ya Jue Xian" mean? (Guide students to use familiar expressions and learn to be flexible when learning classical Chinese.)

2. Where else does the article mention Boya Juexian? What does "Jue Xian" mean here, and what does it declare to the world? (It means that you will never play the piano again for the rest of your life, announcing to the world that you have completely given up playing the piano.)

4. Resolving Jue Xin

(1) What is a bosom friend.

Read the article again and see what parts you understand and what parts you don’t understand? Students communicate after studying the text.

Several preset teaching generation points:

1. There are four different uses of the word "shan": the word "shan" in "good at drums and harps" and "good at listening" can be understood as meaning "good at, good at"; the two words "shanzai" mean to express admiration.

2. Where can we see that Bo Ya is good at playing the harp and Zhong Ziqi is good at listening? Empathy experience: If you are Ziqi, Boya's drum and harp are aimed at the mountains and flowing water. Through the sound of Boya's harp, what do you seem to see? So how do you praise it?

3. Since Boya is said to be good at drumming and harp, his music must not only express mountains and flowing water. In addition to Mount Emei, Taishan and oceans of rivers, what other moving scenes can his music express? Guide students to imagine the answer: the bright moon, the gentle breeze, the curling smoke, the misty spring rain...

4. Guide students to expand and use language: If you are Ziqi now, "Bo Ya plays the piano, aiming at the breeze." Through the sound of Boya's piano, do you feel the gentle breeze? So how do you praise it? ("Good, how gentle the breeze is!") When "Bo Ya plays the drum and harp, aiming at the bright moon", through the sound of Boya's harp, have you seen the bright moon? So how do you praise it? ("How wonderful! It's as bright as the bright moon!")

5. Let’s imagine this picture: Boya is playing the harp and Ziqi is listening to the harp. When Boya plays the drum and plays the harp, he aims at the willows, the spring rain, the clouds, and the smoke... How will Zi Qi admire him? Guide students to say sentences in the form of parallel sentences.

6. This is exactly: "What Bo Ya thinks about, Zhong Ziqi will definitely get." When I think about something, my good friend will definitely get it and praise it. This is not an ordinary friend! This is called - bosom friend. Regardless of whether Boya aspires to high mountains or flowing water, or he aspires to the bright moon or the breeze, whatever Boya thinks about, Ziqi will definitely get it. This is a true bosom friend!

(2) Meet and get to know each other.

1. Boya was already a famous musician in Chu State at that time. Do you think he will still lack praise? Why did he regard Ziqi alone as a close friend?

2. Can you feel how Boya felt when he heard other people's unreasonable compliments?

3. At that time, Boya must have had a desire in his heart. What was he longing for? He must have been calling out countless times in his heart. What was he calling for?

4. Finally one day, Boya met his soulmate Zhong Ziqi! How does Boya feel when faced with such an eloquent Ziqi and such a rare confidant? What will he definitely say to Zi Qi?

5. He who knows me is Ziqi! At this time, Boya and Ziqi, do you think they are just a pair of close friends in music?

6. The gathering of close friends must be very joyful and harmonious. Read the text again and feel the harmony and joy of the gathering of close friends.

(3) Death of bosom friend.

Unfortunately, things are unpredictable, and Ziqi passed away unfortunately. Show the sentence and ask the students to read: "When Ziqi died, Boya said that there would be no more music in the world. He would break the strings of the harp and never play the drum again for the rest of his life."

1. After Ziqi died, how could Boya think that there would be no more silence in the world?

2. Ziqi died, and Boya had to go back to his old life. He couldn't bear the days without a close friend and no one understood him. This pain that no one can talk to is finally expressed in an extreme way: breaking the strings and never playing again for life! Is it just the "string" that Boya is "excellent" here? When he cut off the strings, what did he cut off?

3. When you understand Boya's mood at this time, please read this sentence again.

5. Deep Enlightenment

1. The novelist Feng Menglong of the Ming Dynasty described this touching story with vivid writing in the book "Warning Words for the World". In front of Ziqi's tomb, Boya once wrote a short song to commemorate his close friend Zhong Ziqi. Show students the poem and read it:

Recalling the past, last spring, I met you by the river. I came back for another visit today, but I didn’t see my close friend. But when I saw a handful of dirt, it broke my heart! Sad and sad, I can't bear the tears. Why bother to come and go? There are sad clouds by the riverside. This song will never be played again, and the three-foot Yao Qin will die for you!

2. As soon as Ziqi died, Yu Boya had to go back to his previous life that no one could understand. Who would he play the song "High Mountains and Flowing Waters" to? Only this touching story has been passed down through the ages! Students read the text.

3. Faced with Boya's pain and despair, what do you want to say to him? Write down your thoughts.

6. Aftertaste of Juexian

Based on this touching story, people wrote an equally moving piece of music: "High Mountains and Flowing Waters". (Play the music "High Mountains and Flowing Waters" and ask students to enjoy it.) Read this story again with the touching song "High Mountains and Flowing Waters".

(Students read the text again and try to recite it)

(Teaching design: Yan Xue, Teaching and Research Office, Gongshu District Education Bureau, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province)

5. Related links

< p> Poems about the difficulty of finding a close friend or the sublime music, such as "I broke the Yao Qin and the phoenix tail was cold, and I didn't know who to play to. The spring breeze is full of friends, but it's hard to find a close friend." Wang Anshi's poem "Bo Ya" of the Song Dynasty: " For thousands of years, Zhu Xian has never been so sad. I want to play the harp and leave all the ghosts and ghosts. Appreciation from a close friend. I miss my old friend and dream about it at night. "These poems are all about the wonderfulness of music, the joy of listening to the piano, or metaphors about wonderful works or close friends, etc.

"The acquaintance of Guan (Zhong) and Bao (Shu Ya)", "The acquaintance of cutting one's neck off", "A bosom friend in the sea is as close as a neighbor to the end of the world", "A friend who has forgotten the years", "A friend in adversity", "It is enough to have a confidant in life, and this is the world." "Treat them with the same heart", "Wine with a close friend and a thousand cups are too little", etc.

6. Extended Reading

Boya learned the guqin

During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man named Boya who studied guqin with Mr. Chenglian. He has mastered various performance techniques, but the teacher felt that when he played, he often did not understand deeply and simply played the notes, lacking a bit of charm and unable to arouse the screams of the audience. The teacher wanted to train him into a real artist. One day, Mr. Chenglian said to Boya: "My teacher Fang Zichun lives in Donghai. He can teach you how to cultivate people's taste. I will take you there and let him teach you. If you talk about it, it can greatly improve your artistic level." So the master and the apprentice prepared dry food and set off in the boat. After arriving at Penglai Mountain in the East China Sea, Mr. Chenglian said to Boya: "You stay here to practice the piano, and I will go find the master." After that, he rowed the boat and gradually moved away.

Ten days have passed and Mr. Chenglian has not come back yet. Boya waited anxiously on the island. While tuning the piano every day, he looked around. He faced the vast sea and listened to the surging waves. Looking into the distance, the mountains and forests are lush and unpredictable, with the sound of birds chirping and flying from time to time. These scenes with their own interesting and strange sounds made him feel relaxed and happy, his thoughts were wandering, and he felt that his taste was much nobler. Boya had a passion for creation and wanted to compose his feelings into music, so he set up the piano, poured his passion into the strings, and composed a song "High Mountains and Flowing Waters" in one go.

Not long after, Mr. Chenglian returned from the boat. After listening to his sincere performance, he said happily: "Now you are the best luthier in the world. You can go back!" Boya suddenly realized. , It turns out that the sound of the waves and the singing of birds are the best teachers. From then on, Boya continued to accumulate experience in life and art, and finally became a master of piano playing in the world.