Analysis and explanation:
Qidong belongs to the humid climate zone in the north subtropical zone, with obvious maritime monsoon climate characteristics, distinct four seasons, abundant sunshine, mild temperature, abundant rain, long frost-free period, warm spring flowers and crisp autumn air.
Average air pressure 10 16.5 hectopascals, annual average temperature 15℃, annual average precipitation 1037. 1mm, and average relative humidity 8 1%.
Crocus sativus is widely cultivated in all parts of China.
Like cold, humid, semi-cloudy environment, cold-resistant, suitable for sandy loam with good drainage and rich humus. The pH value is 5.5-6.5.
So this area can be planted, just pay attention to the choice of planting environment.
Training points:
The soil should be sown, ploughed and improved, and sufficient base fertilizer should be applied. The seed ball must be big and full, without mildew spots. Plant spacing 10 cm× 15 cm, and planting depth is about 5 cm.
Planting bulbs in autumn, covering the soil with 5-8 cm, weeding in time during the growth period, paying attention to drainage after rain, loosening soil and watering in autumn drought to keep the soil moist and facilitate rooting. It blooms in June 5438+ 10, and topdressing 1 time after flowering is beneficial to bulb development.
Once planted, bulbs can be dug out and planted every few years when crowded. Bulbs were stored in a dry room at 65438 07℃-23℃.
The growing season of saffron is in winter and spring, and there is little rain, so special attention should be paid to irrigation.
Emerge about 20 days after sowing, and water once before emergence to facilitate emergence.
Pour antifreeze water once before winter to increase the ground temperature. Water should be watered once in mid-April to reduce the harm of dry and hot wind.
Before planting, apply soaked organic fertilizer, such as cake fertilizer, manure, burnt soil, plant ash, chicken and duck manure, and some calcium superphosphate.
After rooting and leaf extraction, dilute liquid fertilizer with balanced nitrogen and phosphorus can be applied every 10 day, such as adding appropriate amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the soaked cake fertilizer solution until the flower buds are removed and colored.
Avoid too much and too thick nitrogen fertilizer, otherwise it will cause white leaves and affect the growth of flower buds; At the end of the flowering period, apply 1500 kg of human excrement and urine or appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer per mu to promote the early development of seedlings.
Determine the amount of topdressing according to the growth of seedlings in spring. After flowering in June, 5438+ 10, it should be topdressing with balanced quick-acting fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 1 0 or twice, so as to facilitate the growth and development of bulbs and store enough nutrients for more and better flowers in the coming year.
12 in the middle and late February, spread a layer of horse manure in the border, and then cover it with a small amount of soil to increase fertility, keep warm and prevent freezing.
Management method:
In order to ensure that the plant can blossom more and flourish more, when it is found that there are too many lateral buds on the plant, some small buds can be broken off to ensure that the main buds can bloom more.
During the growth and development of crocus sativus, the accumulated water must be discharged in time, especially in rainy season, otherwise it is easy to form accumulated water on the seedbed, leading to corm rot and undue economic losses.
In case of autumn drought, the seedbed should also be watered and loosened to keep the soil moist. After all the seedlings are planted, insert them into the soil with a small bamboo knife, remove the small lateral buds on the outer ring of the plant, and keep 2-4 large leaf clusters in the center of each plant to increase the income of large bulbs in the coming year.
Bulbs expand rapidly in February-April, so it is necessary to loosen the soil and weed in time.
Harvest:
From late April to early May, some branches and leaves on the ground of saffron gradually turn yellow, which can be carefully dug up from one end of the border with an iron rake. After digging, remove the branches and leaves, dry them in the ground for two days, and then store them indoors.
When collecting and storing, it is necessary to divide plants according to the standards of health diseases, complete the damage and size and store them in different categories. The storage room should be well lit, cool and ventilated, the ground should be free of dirt, and the room should be kept dry.
Generally, the weight of seed balls can be increased by 3-5 times, 1 times, introduced seed balls 100 kg, planted saffron 1 mu, and harvested seed balls of 600- 1000 kg per mu.