Digging the wall to steal light
In the Western Han Dynasty, there was a great scholar named Kuang Heng. He liked reading very much when he was a child, but his family was too poor to buy candles, so he couldn't read at night. He often worried about it. That night, Kuang Heng accidentally found that there seemed to be some light on his own wall. When he got up, he saw that the wall was cracked and the neighbor's candle was coming through the crack. Kuang Heng saw it and immediately came up with a solution. He found a chisel and cut a small hole in the crack in the wall. Immediately, a candlelight shot up, and Kuang Heng read the book carefully by this candlelight. Every night after that, Kuang Heng would lean against the wall and read by his neighbor's candlelight. Since he was a child, he was diligent and eager to learn. Later, Kuang Heng became a knowledgeable Confucian scholar.
it means that a deer is a horse
for three years, Zhang Han and others besieged the giant deer, and Xiang Yu, the general of Chu, sent Chu to save the giant deer. In the winter, Zhao Gao was the prime minister, but Reese was killed. In the summer, Zhang Han and other wars, however, II made people angry with Han, and made Chang Shi glad to ask for help. Zhao Gao, see, and letter. Fear of death is too high for people to catch up with. I am glad to see that Han said, "Zhao Gao used things in China, and the generals were punished for their merits, but they were also punished for their ineffectiveness." Xiang Yu attacked Qin Jun, and Wang Li and Han surrendered the princes with soldiers. It was August, and Zhao Gao wanted to make trouble, fearing that his officials would not listen, so he set up an inspection first and presented a deer to the second year, saying, "Ma Ye." II laughed and said, "Is the Prime Minister wrong? Call a deer a horse. " Ask left and right, left and right, or silence, or say that Ma Yiashun Zhao Gao. Or talk about deer, high because of the various words in the yin. After all the ministers are afraid of heights.
Taigong Fishing
In the 11th century BC, Jiang Ziya, an 8-year-old man, used to be a doctor in Shang Dynasty. Seeing that Zhou Wang was dissolute and heartless, he abandoned his official position and fled to Xiqiao. He wanted to join Xibo Ji Chang himself, but he was afraid of being laughed at, so he lived in seclusion in a small village by the Wei River for the time being. One day, while he was fishing by the Weihe River to relieve boredom, a woodcutter, Wu Ji, passed by with firewood. Seeing that he was fishing with a straight hook, he was still three feet away from the water, and there was no bait hanging on the hook, he asked the elder's name. Jiang Shang replied, "The surname is Jiang Shang, with the word Ziya, and the name is Zheng Xiong." Wu Ji sighed and said, "It's true that ambition is not in the high years, and empty talk is a hundred years old. "It's not proper for a fool like you to call himself a bear!" Jiang Shang smiled: "Old fishing is fake, waiting for progress is true. However, if you want to catch a king and a prince, you'd better take it from the straight, not from the song! " Wu Ji said, "You don't look like a prince but like a living monkey." With that, he picked up the firewood and went into town. Unexpectedly, Wu Ji accidentally killed the sergeant who was guarding the door in the city, which caused great disaster. When Xibe Ji Chang passed by, he learned that Wu Ji was a dutiful son, and there was no one to support his mother at home, so he gave him twelve ounces of gold and ordered him to go back and settle down his mother and come back to take the blame. Desperate, the old mother brought Wu Ji to Jiang Shang for advice on the method of salvation. Jiang taught him this and that, and from then on, Wuji only worked in the countryside and never went to the city again.
time flies, and it's another spring. One day, Xibo came to the Weihe River for an outing to hunt. Suddenly, someone sang: "The phoenix is not lacking, but it is polluted to govern the world." Long Xingyun is born of a tiger, and the world is slow to find a wise way ... "Ji Chang ordered someone to call the singer, and when he saw it was Wu Ji, he shouted," How dare you deceive me and sing here instead of taking the blame? " Wu Ji told the truth and said that this song was also written by Jiang Shang. Ji Chang thought that Jiang Shang must be a sage, so he immediately pardoned Wu Ji's death and ordered him to lead the way to the river to search for Jiang Shang. In order to test Ji Chang's sincerity, Jiang Shang avoided the reeds. Ji Chang was eager to seek sages. Three days later, he named Wu Ji as General Wude, led the way again, and personally led officials to visit Jiang Shang again, making him squire. Later, Taigong assisted King Wen, followed King Wu to attack Zhou, and established the Zhou Dynasty.
Three visits to the thatched cottage
At the end of the Han Dynasty, the Yellow Scarf started, and the world was in chaos. Cao Cao was seated in the imperial court, Sun Quan supported Soochow, and Liu Bei, the imperial clan of the Han Dynasty, listened to Xu Shu (a famous counselor in the Three Kingdoms period) and Si Mahui (a famous counselor in the Three Kingdoms period) and said that Zhuge Liang was knowledgeable and talented, so he and Guan Yu and Zhang Fei took gifts to Wolonggang in Longzhong (now Xiangyang County, Hubei Province) to invite Zhuge Liang. It happened that Zhuge Liang went out that day, and Liu Bei had to turn back in disappointment. Soon, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei braved the snowstorm to invite them for the second time. Unexpectedly, Zhuge Liang went out for a stroll again. Zhang Fei didn't want to come again. Seeing that Zhuge Liang was not at home, he urged him to go back. Liu Bei had to leave a letter expressing his admiration for Zhuge Liang and asking him to come out and help him save the country's dangerous situation.
after some time, Liu Bei ate vegetarian food for three days and was ready to invite Zhuge Liang again. Guan Yu said that Zhuge Liang may be in name only, but he may not have real talent and practical learning, so there is no need to go. Zhang Fei, on the other hand, advocated that he should call alone, and if he didn't come, he would be tied up with a rope. Liu Bei scolded Zhang Fei and visited Zhuge Liang with them for the third time. At that time, Zhuge Liang was sleeping. Liu Bei didn't dare to disturb him. He stood until Zhuge Liang woke up and sat down to talk to each other.
Zhuge Liang saw that Liu Bei was interested in doing things for the country and sincerely asked him for help, so he came out to help Liu Bei establish the Shuhan Dynasty.
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms called Liu Bei's three-time personal invitation to Zhuge Liang "three visits to the thatched cottage". In Zhuge Liang's famous "model", there are also "the first emperor did not mean to his ministers, and he was self-defeating, and he took care of his ministers in the grass." The sentence of. So when the world saw someone go to that person's home several times in a row to ask someone he admired to help him, he quoted this sentence to describe his desire and sincere mood. That is to say, I am not ashamed to ask questions, and I am humbly seeking talents.
returned to Zhao in perfect condition
During the Warring States Period, the Prince of Zhao got a piece of precious jade "He Shi Bi". When the king of Qin knew about this, he wrote a letter and sent someone to see the king of Zhao, saying that the king of Qin was willing to exchange fifteen cities for the treasure jade.
the prince of Zhao read the letter and thought to himself that the king of Qin always wanted to take advantage and refused to suffer. Why are you so generous this time? Don't promise, for fear that Qin will attack, promise, and be afraid of being cheated. He couldn't make up his mind about it, so he consulted with the ministers. Ministers can't think of any good ways.
knowing this, Lin Xiangru said to the prince of Zhao, "Your Majesty, let me take' He Shibi' to the king of Qin, and I will play it by ear when I get there. If the king of Qin refuses to exchange fifteen cities, I will definitely bring back' He Shibi' in one piece. " The prince of Zhao knew that Lin Xiangru was a brave and witty man, so he agreed to go.
Lin Xiangru arrived in the state of Qin, and the king of Qin met him in the palace. Lin Xiangru hands "and choi" dedicated to the king of qin. The king of Qin took it and looked left and right. He loved it very much. After the king of Qin finished reading it, he passed it on to the ministers one by one, and then handed it over to the beautiful women in the harem.
Lin Xiangru stood by alone, waiting for a long time, but he didn't see the king of Qin mention the cession of fifteen cities. He knew that the king of Qin had no sincerity to exchange the cities for Baoyu. But Baoyu has been in the hands of the king of Qin. How can we get it back? He thought about it and came up with a way. He stepped forward and said to the king of Qin, "Although this piece of' Heshibi' looks very good, there is a slight defect. Let me show it to the king." When the King of Qin heard that something was wrong, he quickly asked someone to bring Baoyu from the harem to Lin Xiangru.
Lin Xiangru took a few steps back with the "Harmony Jade", leaned against the pillar and said angrily to the king of Qin: "At the beginning, the king sent a letter to the king of Zhao, saying that he was willing to exchange fifteen cities for the" Harmony Jade "of Zhao. Minister Zhao said, don't believe Qin's lies. I don't think so. I said that the people still speak faith, not to mention the king of Qin! The prince of Zhao took my advice, and this just sent me to send' and choi'. Just now, the King took Baoyu over and handed him around to the following people, but he didn't mention the change of fifteen cities. From this point of view, the king did not really have the sincerity to exchange the city for the wall. Now Baoyu is in my hand. If the king insists on persecuting me, I'd rather smash my head on this pillar with this treasure jade! " Lin Xiangru said, and raised the "and choi", to the post, will fall in the past.
The King of Qin wanted to ask the samurai to rob him, but he was afraid that Lin Xiangru would really break Baoyu. He quickly apologized to Lin Xiangru and said, "Don't worry, doctor, how can my words not count!" He told someone to bring the map, falsely pointed to the map and said, "From here to there, 15 cities will be allocated to Zhao." Lin Xiangru thought, the king of Qin often plays tricks, so don't be fooled by him again! He said to the king of Qin, "This piece of' Heshibi' is a world-famous treasure. When I sent it to the state of Qin, the prince of Zhao fasted for five days and held a grand ceremony to send Baoyu at the court. Now that the King wants to accept this treasure jade, he should also fast for five days and hold a ceremony to accept it in the court before I can present it. " The king of Qin said, "Good! Just do it! " He sent someone to send Lin Xiangru to the hotel to have a rest.
Lin Xiangru took the treasure jade to the mansion. He told one of his men to dress up as a businessman, wrapped the treasure jade in his body, and secretly ran back to Zhao by an alley. As for what the king of Qin would do to him, he didn't consider it at all.
Later, when the King of Qin discovered this incident, it was too late to regret it. He wanted to send troops to attack Zhao, who was prepared militarily and was afraid that he would not win. Finally, the king of Qin had to let Lin Xiangru go back to Zhao. This matter is called "Return to Zhao in perfect condition" in history. To this day, people talk about this story, but also give a thumbs-up to Lin Xiangru's heroic behavior.
A blockbuster
During the Warring States Period, there was a man named Chunyu Kun in the State of Qi. He is eloquent and good at talking. He often used some interesting argots to persuade the monarch, so that the monarch was not only not angry, but also willing to accept it.
At that time, the King of Qi was originally a very intelligent monarch. However, after he ascended the throne, he was addicted to wine and debauchery, regardless of state affairs, only drinking and having fun every day, and left all the business to the minister to handle, ignoring himself. Therefore, politics is not on the right track, officials are corrupt and dereliction of duty, and the governors of various countries also take the opportunity to invade, and Qi is on the verge of extinction.
Although some patriotic people in Qi were worried, they were all afraid of the King of Qi, so no one rushed out to remonstrate.
Actually, Qi Weiwang is a very clever man. He likes to say some argot to show his wisdom. Although he doesn't like to listen to other people's advice, he will accept it if it is right. After Chunyu Kun knew this, he thought of a plan and prepared to find a chance to advise Qi Weiwang.
One day, when Chunyu Kun saw Qi Weiwang, he said to him, "Your Majesty, I have a riddle for you to guess: there is a big bird in his country, which has lived in your majesty's court for three years, but he neither fluttered nor sang, but he just curled up aimlessly. Guess, your Majesty, what bird is this?"
Qi Weiwang is a wise man. As soon as he heard it, he knew that Chunyu Kun was satirizing himself. Like that big bird, he was the king of a country, but he did nothing but enjoy himself. He could no longer be a fatuous king, so he decided to mend his ways, cheer up and do something vigorous. Therefore, he said to Chunyu Kun, "Well, you don't know, this big bird will fly without flying, and it will fly into the sky as soon as it flies, but if it doesn't sing, it will alarm everyone. You will wait and see!"
From then on, Qi Weiwang stopped indulging in drinking and having fun and began to rectify the country. First of all, he summoned officials from all over the country, and rewarded those who were loyal and responsible; Those who are corrupt and incompetent will be punished. As a result, the whole country soon cheered up and was full of vitality everywhere.
On the other hand, he also set out to rectify the military, strengthen the force and establish the prestige of the country. After hearing the news, the governors of all countries were shocked. Not only did they dare not invade again, but they even returned all the land they had occupied to Qi. What Qi Weiwang has done is really a "blockbuster"! Therefore, later people used the idiom "blockbuster" to describe that if a person has extraordinary talents, as long as he can make good use of them, once he exerts them, he often has amazing achievements.
besieged on all sides
Xiang Yu and Liu Bang originally agreed to take the east and west sides of the gap (in Jia Luhe, now Rong County, Henan Province) as the boundary and not invade each other. Later, Liu Bang listened to Zhang Liang and Chen Ping's advice and thought that Xiang Yu should be destroyed while he was weak. Then he joined forces with Han Xin, Peng Yue and Liu Jia to pursue Xiang Yu's troops heading east for Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu). Finally, several layers of troops were arranged to tightly surround Xiang Yu (in the southeast of Lingbi County, Anhui Province). At this time, there were very few soldiers under Xiang Yu, and there was no food. At night, I heard the troops surrounding him singing folk songs of Chu, and I couldn't help but be very surprised and say, "Has Liu Bang got Chu?" Why are there so many Chu people in his army? " Xiang Yu said, and lost his fighting spirit, so he got out of bed and drank in the camp. And sing with his favorite concubine Yu Ji. After singing, I cried, and the people around me were very sad, and they all felt that they could not lift their heads. After a while, Xiang Yu got on his horse, took only 8 cavalry, and escaped from the south. Run away and fight, and commit suicide by the Wujiang River.
Because there is a plot in this story in which Xiang Yu was surprised when he heard Chu songs being sung around him, and then he failed to commit suicide, people in the future used the phrase "besieged on all sides" to describe the personnel environment in which people were attacked or persecuted from all sides, resulting in isolation and embarrassment.
The fate of anyone caught in this situation is often very tragic. For example, someone is idle because he often associates with bad people. But later, he was forced by those bad guys to make a living. When he turned to others for help, others should also respond to his bad behavior on weekdays, never sympathize with him or ignore him. This person's situation is "besieged on all sides". Another example is the discussion of academic issues in schools, where students are ignorant and ignorant (idioms, meaning no academics), and students rise up to attack them, which can also be called "besieged on all sides." In the course of our life, in our daily life, we should be a good person and do things in a down-to-earth way. If we make a mistake, we will suffer from the bad luck of being besieged on all sides.
When the lips are missing and the teeth are cold
In the Spring and Autumn Period, Jin Xiangong wanted to expand its strength and territory, so it made an excuse to say that its neighboring countries (guó) often.