1? è
In ancient times, there was a carpenter who took his apprentice to the State of Qi. On the way there, he met a very old book. I don't know how old it was. The trunk was thick to nearly a hundred feet, and the crown of the tree staggered vertically on the thousands of feet. The tip of the tree looked like a hill from a far place.
The local people, wrapped in red cloth on the trees, come to pay homage every first day and 15th, which is very religious. Because the tree's fame is so loud, someone came all the way with a carriage just to worship it. This tree has become a symbol of the gods.
The carpenter looked at the tree, but he scoffed, but he was extremely dismissive of it.
The apprentice didn't understand, so he asked his master:
"Master, I have never seen such a huge tree in my life. It must have taken hundreds of years to grow so magnificent. It seems that this tree must be extraordinary, and it must have become immortal. Why is Master so disdainful?"
The carpenter said,
"This tree is loose, and nothing can be made. It is of no use at all. Even if it grows for hundreds of years, what's the use?"
That night, when everyone was asleep, the tree found the carpenter in a dream and asked him,
"I heard that you think I am useless?"
The carpenter replied, "Yes. You are really useless. "
The tree laughed and was very happy. He asked him,
"If I were useful, would I be alive today?"
yes, if it was useful, it would have been cut down for furniture.
This is Zhuangzi's theory of uselessness, and Zhuangzi thinks that uselessness is the best.
what's the difference between Zhuangzi and Confucius? Confucius said:
"I must be useful."
q: do you want to do something? Confucius replied:
"I'm not the kind of gourd melon with empty pulp. How can I just hang it up and watch it and not eat it?"
Therefore, Confucius' official career economic knowledge is the embryonic form of official knowledge and current economic knowledge.
Zhuangzi said, "I am full of hills and valleys in my heart. I only want to be inside, not outside. What do people think of me?"
The most useless is the most useful, just like Zhou Guoping's saying:
"Reading useless books, saying useless words and drinking useless wine, in the end, I finally became a useless person." Of course, that's a joke. Mr. Zhou Guoping is definitely not a "useless" person.
Tell me about Lin Daiyu and Miao Yu in A Dream of Red Mansions, which are the school of Laozi and Zhuangzi. Jia Yucun, Jia Zheng and Xue Baochai, including Menzi, are Confucianism and Confucius.
and Jia Baoyu? Seeing through the world of mortals, he finally followed the lame Taoist priest and the monks like Zhen Shiyin and Liu Xianglian, and finally ended up in Buddhism.
Taoism pays attention to the state of "harmony between man and nature" and Buddhism pays attention to "one leaf and one bodhi", each of which is an individual and everything is "empty".
Confucianism is the three cardinal guides and the five permanent members. Sons listen to their fathers, wives listen to their husbands, and civilians listen to officials.
Confucianism is ostentatious, Taoism is restrained and peaceful, and Buddhism is aloof from the world.
there are three kinds: seeking outside, seeking inside and seeking detachment.
2? ?
The old monk asked the young monk to clean the courtyard of the temple. A lot of leaves were blown off in the courtyard every day. The young monk cleaned it all the time and every day. Even if it was cleaned today, the leaves were blown all over the floor by the wind the next day. The young monk was very upset. He complained:
"Is my daily life just to keep sweeping leaves?"
The young monk had a wise brother who gave him advice:
"Come on, I'll teach you. You can shake down the leaves tomorrow, so don't you have to clean tomorrow?"
The young monk's eyes lit up:
"Hey, why didn't I think of such a good way? If I shake down the leaves at the back, I won't have to clean for two days. If I shake down the leaves for a week, I won't have to clean for a week. "
So, the young monk and senior brother shook it desperately, trying to shake all the leaves off for several days. However, when they got up the next morning, there were still leaves all over the ground. The young monk and senior brother finally shook the tree to death, but there were still leaves in the courtyard.
Two people finally understand:
"The leaves of the next day will never fall today, so as long as the leaves of today are swept clean, life is also very satisfactory."
what a profound revelation.
We are all talking about living in the present, so what is living in the present? Now, what is it?
The present is the smallest unit of time from the Buddhist scriptures.
an hour is 6 minutes, a minute has 6 seconds, a second has 6 moments, and a moment is 6 moments. So, what is "moment"?
One second is 3,6 "moments", so "living in the moment" means living in a very, very small time unit. In this way, every moment of your life will be very full and full of strength.
Zen asked his ancestor:
"Master? How do you practice? "
The founder replied:
"I eat when I eat and sleep when I sleep."
Zen continued to ask:
"Master, aren't others like this? "
The founder replied:
"? When others eat, they think in every way, and when they sleep, they calculate in every way, so they are also in a meeting when they eat, and they are not stable when they sleep. "
Zen master Zong Yan said:
"When you wake up, you should shine on the world like the sunrise rushing out of the valley, and when you sleep, you should feel like you are dead, and let go of all your former sorrows."
then, eat well, sleep well, drink a cup of coffee and a cup of tea, write a text and read a page, fall in love when you are in love, and fall out of love when you are lovelorn, that is to live in the present.
This enlightenment comes from the enlightenment of "Buddha" and Zen machine.
3? Well
So what does Zhuangzi pay attention to? Zhuangzi is Taoism; What does Confucius pay attention to? Confucius is Confucianism; What does Buddhism pay attention to? Where is the connection between them?
first, what is the philosophical meaning of Taoism?
"Life is like a dream, like dream a dream. How about floating life? Dream like a dream. "
"It's better to forget each other in the Jianghu."
"If the gap between heaven and earth is fleeting, it's just sudden."
"We can't wait for the afterlife, and we can't chase the past."
what does Buddhism say?
"Many causes lead to laws, and there is no such thing as today. Third, there is a law, and there is nothing. " (Nirvana Sutra)
"All laws come from the origin, so it is the cause. There is no reason for it, said the Great Shaman. " ? (origin)
"the impermanence of all lines is the law of birth and death. Life and death are destroyed, and silence is fun. " ? (impermanence sutra)
"With my merits, Tathagata's blessing, and dharma's strength, I will surround all sentient beings." (Sanli)
What does Confucianism say?
"isn't it fun to learn from the times?" ? 《? The Analects of Confucius
"Is it disloyal to others? Make friends without believing them? Can't you learn it? " ? 《? The Analects of Confucius
"Governing by virtue, for example, Beichen, who lives in his place, is surrounded by many stars." ? The Analects of Confucius
"The way of a gentleman is dark but Ri Zhang; The way of the villain, however, is dying. "
The Doctrine of the Mean: "Learning is close to knowing, practicing is close to benevolence, and knowing shame is close to courage."
The Doctrine of the Mean
Confucianism is alive in the world, and every word is the etiquette of poetry and calligraphy, the way of being a man, the way of being an official and the way of making friends, all of which are real people, that is, the current theory of official career, officialdom, politics, class and success.Taoism is the scenery along the way. Everything in the world, the universe and individuals exist, but they don't exist. It depends entirely on a kind of self-mentality. If Confucianism is shown to others, Taoism is a wonderful self.
Buddhists only have one word: "Empty."
yes, it's just an "empty" word. Everything is impermanent, and ultimately it is empty. Since it is empty, it is naturally "everything in the air". Therefore, Buddhism is boundless, and everything is an illusion, nothingness and non-existence.
"Empty is color, and color is empty."
what is this "emptiness"? Is it really empty? No, it's "put it down."
Everything is "put down", so it is "empty", so it is "everything in the air". The real "empty" is everything, which is a trend of "mind".
so what is the relationship between the three?
See mountains as mountains and water as water; Seeing mountains is not mountains, and seeing water is not water; Seeing the mountain is still a mountain, and seeing the water is still water.
Confucianism lives in reality, where mountains are mountains and water is water; Taoism lives in the spirit, which can be neither mountains nor water; Buddhists live in wisdom and know that it is a mountain and water.
then, people are people who exist in reality. If you want to eat and sleep to make money and live, this is people. People have a material foundation and pursue an excellent spiritual world, and the spiritual world is not just empty, living in imagination and exclusion, but they can eat and sleep as the way for civil servants to climb up and invite the scenery in, not just as a machine, but as a person with flesh and blood, feelings, thoughts, fun and soul, which is the "Zen" way of living in practice; When we let go of everything, which is greed, anger, ignorance, slowness and doubt, and turn it into sadness, wisdom, action, willingness and strength, then we will become "Buddha".
Explain that greed moves slowly; greed is greed; Chen is hatred; Foolish is foolish; Slowness is arrogance; Doubt is doubt; So what is the will of compassion and wisdom? Sorrow is compassion; Wisdom is wisdom; Action is action, wish is desire, and strength is strength.
turning everything into sunshine and upward consciousness and energy is the "Buddha's road" to liberation from the world.
Confucianism climbs in reality, Buddhism transcends itself in spirit, and Taoism belongs to the "carefree school". He who sees through, does not tell the truth, is happy alone.
And how should we live "
" We have the heart of solitude in the world of mortals, and we have the arms of the world of mortals when we are alone. "This, is the highest state?