Nalan Xingde was born in Beijing on December 12th in the 11th year of Shunzhi (A.D.1655,65438+1October, 19). His father was the Pearl of the Prime Minister when Emperor Kangxi was in power, and his mother felt that Roche was the fifth daughter of Prince Archie of England, and Mrs. Yipin was ordered to be executed. His family, Nalan's, belonged to Huang Zhengqi, and was one of the eight surnames of Manchu in the early Qing Dynasty, and was later called Yehenala's. Nalan Xingde's great-grandfather was named Jin Taishi, whose real name was Ye Baylor, and his younger sister Meng Gu. In the 16th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Nalan Xingde married Nurhachi and gave birth to Prince Huang Taiji. Since then, the Nalan family has a very close relationship with the royal family. Therefore, it can be said that Nalan Xingde was arranged by fate into the family of emperors and nobles when he was born, and his life was doomed to be colorful. However, perhaps it is nature's trick, and Nalanxingde is just "although it is full of prosperity, it is not too restrained." Nothing is difficult in the world, only care about wealth, wealth and poverty. Being in the halls and mansions, I often think of mountains, rivers, fish and birds. "

Nalan Xingde was born in the twelfth lunar month and was called Dong Lang as a child. He has been very talented since he was a child, and he is obsessed with reading. He learned to ride and shoot when he was a few years old, and entered imperial academy at the age of 17. He was appreciated by Xu, who made a toast to imperial academy and recommended it to his younger brother, Xu, a bachelor of cabinet and assistant minister of does. Nalan Xingde 18 years old took the township entrance examination and senior high school entrance examination in Shuntianfu. 65,438+09 years old, preparing to take the final exam, but unable to take the palace exam due to illness. In the next few years, he studied harder and worshipped Xu as a teacher. Under the guidance of a famous teacher, in two years, he presided over the compilation of a 1792 volume of "Confucian Collection-Tongzhitang Jingjie", which was appreciated by the emperor and laid the foundation for future development. He also compiled his knowledge and experience in the process of getting familiar with the classics, as well as biographical records of his classmates. In three or four years, he compiled a four-volume Collection of Miscellaneous Knowledge of Lushuiting, covering history, geography, astronomy, calendar, Buddhism, music, literature and textual research. It shows his extensive knowledge base and various hobbies.

When Nalan Xingde was 22 years old, he took the Jinshi exam again and got the seventh place in Dimethyl with excellent results. Emperor Kangxi granted him the position of third-class bodyguard, and later he was promoted to second class and then to first class. As a bodyguard around the emperor, he participated in romantic and gentle poems as a handsome and mighty military attache. He traveled around with the emperor, was ordered to participate in important strategic reconnaissance, recited poems and translated them with the emperor, and was awarded many times for his sacred will. He is an enviable young talent, both civil and military, a trusted minister valued by the emperor, and a promising official and senior official.

But as a poetic genius, he was tired of the vulgarity of officialdom and the life that followed, and had no intention of fame and fortune. Although "in the halls and mansions, there are often thoughts of mountains and rivers and birds." His poems and essays are excellent, especially his ci, which is famous all over the world. At the age of 24, he compiled his own words into a collection called "The Collection of Side Hats" and later renamed it "Drinking Water Words". Later, someone added two word collections, including "342 * *", and edited a place called "Nalan Ci". Nalan Ci, handed down from ancient times, enjoyed a high reputation in the society at that time, was highly praised by scholars and became an outstanding representative of the ci circle of that era.

In terms of making friends, the most prominent feature of Nalan Xingde is that his friends are all "handsome and different from the world at one time, and it is said that the world is difficult to get along with at one time". These unpopular people are mostly Han literati in the south of the Yangtze River, such as Gu Zhenguan, Yan, Zhu Yizun, Jiang. Nalan Xingde is very sincere to his friends, not only generously helping the poor, but also respecting their character and talents, just like the 3,000 diners in Ping Yuanjun. At that time, many celebrities and talents surrounded him, making his residence Lvshuige (now Bourne Pavilion, the former residence of Soong Ching Ling) famous for its elegant gathering of literati and poets, which objectively promoted the cultural prosperity of Kanggan. The reason is that Nalan Xingde can learn the knowledge of China culture that he admired from Han intellectuals to a certain extent. More importantly, he has his own lofty ideals and noble personality, which obviously makes his actions deviate from the mainstream of society, thus becoming a research hotspot for future generations.

1674, when Nalan Xingde was twenty years old, he married the daughter of Lu Xingzu, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. It was the eighteenth year of Lu's life, and he was "born in Yongfu, with a dignified sex". After marriage, the two loved each other, and a happy life inspired his poetry creation. But only three years later, Lu died in childbirth, which brought great pain to Nalan Xingde. Since then, "there are many lamentations, and the hatred of bosom friends is especially deep." The heavy spiritual blow made him repeatedly show endless yearning for love and lost homesickness in his later mourning poems. After Nalan Xingde, she continued to marry into the official family and had a side room Yan. It is worth mentioning that when Nalan Xingde was 30 years old, she accepted Shen Wan, a talented woman in the south of the Yangtze River, with the help of her good friend Gu Zhenguan. Shen Wan, whose real name is Yu Chan, is a native of Wucheng, Zhejiang Province, and is the author of Choosing Dream Ci. Concentrate on mourning the work "Abundant God Does Not Reduce Husband". Unfortunately, their love ended in tragedy because of Nalan Xingde's family reasons, and Shen Wansan returned to Jiangnan. As a generation of romantic talents, Nalan Xingde's love life has been talked about by later generations, and there are also various rumors of catching shadows. The most rumored is that his cousin entered the palace, but there is no way to verify it.

The poet's uninhibited personality, natural detachment, outstanding talent and free and easy fame and fortune, together with his rich family background, well-known life experience, golden rank and jade hall, and his future as an official, constitute a sense of contradiction and intangible psychological depression that ordinary people can't observe. Coupled with the early death of his beloved wife, it is difficult to reunite old dreams in the future, and the gathering and separation of literary friends makes him unable to get rid of his deep confusion and pessimism. Tired of career, disdainful of wealth and disdainful of official career, he has no intention to care about anything that can be taken away easily outside his body, but he is obsessed with love that cannot last long and the natural harmony between his heart and the environment. In the late spring of the 24th year of Kangxi, when he was ill, he got together with friends, got as drunk as a fiddler, sighed, and then got sick. Seven days later, he died on May 30th.

Although Nalan Xingde only had a short life of 3 1 year, he was one of the famous poets in Qing Dynasty. At that time, when Ci was flourishing, he was known as the "three outstanding poets in Qing Dynasty" together with Chen Weisong, the representative of Yangxian School, and Zhu Yizun, the head of Zhexi School. But in contrast, Nalan Xingde is a Manchu dignitary who has just entered the customs. It is amazing that he can master and use Chinese culture so profoundly.

There are 348 poems (342 stories) about Nalan Xingde, which involve love and friendship, frontier fortress in the south of the Yangtze River, chanting things and history, and miscellaneous feelings. Although he has rich experience as a writer, the number of his poems is small, and his vision is not wide, but his poems are charming because of emotion, and Nalan Xingde is a very real person, so his poems are excellent at that time and later generations, and are highly respected. Wang Guowei, a famous scholar in modern times, spoke highly of him: "Nalan Rong Ruo looks at things with the eyes of nature and expresses his feelings with the tongue of nature. It's been like this since I first entered the Central Plains and didn't get infected with Han culture. Since the Northern Song Dynasty, there has been only one person. " Kuang Zhouyi also praised him as "the first hand at the beginning of the country" in HSBC Thorn.

Nalan Xingde's Ci has been accepted as a side hat and drinking water, and later generations often call it Nalan Ci. Looking at Nalan Xingde's ci style, it is fresh and beautiful, sad and stubborn, quite close to the late Tang Dynasty. And he himself appreciates Li Yu very much. He once said: "the words between flowers, such as ancient jade, are expensive and not applicable;" Song Ci is applicable and of low value, and Li Houzhu has its beauty at the same time, which is even more confusing. "