Put forward questions
Today, when we step into the network society, we find that there are many intersections between the youth and the network, and it is these intersections that make the youth "fall in love with the network". Under the influence of the Internet, although young people have shown many beautiful things to the society, it is also a great surprise. However, the eclipsed performance of many young netizens can't add luster to the society and make people sit back and relax.
Content 1: the characteristics of young users using the internet
First, the time when users started to use the Internet: About 80% of users started to use the Internet from 1999 or 2000, and most users didn't spend much time online. The specific distribution is as follows: 65438+6.3% before 0997; 1998 accounts for14.0%; 1999 accounted for 36.20%; In 2000, it accounted for 43.50%.
2. Where to surf the Internet: 58.8% of teenagers surf the Internet at home, 3 1.5% at relatives' homes, 20.45% at Internet cafes, cafes or video game halls, 15.0% at their parents' or others' offices, and 10.8% at school.
3. Estimation of online time and online time satisfaction: The average online time of young users is about 265,438+02 minutes per week, which is about 30 minutes per day. 37.0% users think their online time is just right, 12.0% users think that a little more is enough, and only 0.7% users think that it is too much. 3 1.7% users think it is "less", 18.5% teenagers think it is "too little". In other words, 50% of young users are not satisfied with online time.
Fourth, the use of Internet functions: playing games accounts for 62%; Chat rooms account for 54.5%; Sending and receiving mail accounted for 48.6%; Download and save web pages accounted for 39.7%; Use search engines accounted for 25.0%; Subscribe to news accounts for 2 1, 9%; VoIP accounts for14.7%; Online paging accounts for14.3%; Making and updating personal web pages accounted for12.6%; Upload files accounted for 9.4%; Bulletin board (BBS) accounts for 9.2%; Proxy servers accounted for 2.3%.
5. Users' and non-users' demand for the Internet; Users choose "getting more news" as the most important demand, with an average of 3.8 1 (out of 5, the same below). The following order is: "satisfying personal hobbies" is 3.74; "Improving course learning efficiency" is 3.71; "Problems of interest in extracurricular study and research" is 3.67; "Make new friends" is 3.65. The least important demand is to "enjoy the freedom of adults", with an average of 2.8l
The influence of content 2 network
The positive influence of network
1, the network is helpful to innovate the means and methods of ideological education for teenagers. Using the network to carry out moral education, educators can communicate with teenagers with their true mentality without scruple, which provides a new shortcut for moral educators to discover and understand teenagers' thoughts, conduct positive guidance and all-round communication. In addition, because of the real-time and interactive nature of network information dissemination, teenagers can maintain rapid interaction with multiple educators or educational information at the same time, thus increasing the frequency of ideological interaction and improving the educational effect; Because network information has the characteristics of time delay such as downloading and storing, it can prolong the time of ideological interaction between educators and educatees and provide "all-weather" ideological guidance and education for teenagers. You can also meet online and get together offline to realize the nourishment and supplement of online moral education, so as to resolve conflicts in time, warm people's hearts, mobilize enthusiasm and stimulate creativity.
2. It provides a new channel for knowledge and learning. At present, under the situation that the educational resources in China can't meet the demand, the network provides a broad campus for knowledge learning. Learners can receive higher education at any time and any place, study all the courses taken by college students, complete the credits and get a degree. This is undoubtedly the best relief for teenagers under the examination-oriented education system, which is not only conducive to their healthy physical and mental development, but also conducive to the stability of their families and even society.
3. Expand teenagers' global vision and improve their comprehensive quality. Internet access broadens teenagers' political horizons and knowledge, thus contributing to the formation of their global consciousness. Similarly, it can improve the comprehensive quality of teenagers. By surfing the internet, they can cultivate their ability to communicate with all kinds of people; By reading all kinds of useful books online, I can improve my cultural literacy.
Second, the negative impact of the network
1 poses a potential threat to the formation of teenagers' "three views". Teenagers are easily exposed to capitalist propaganda and cultural thoughts on the internet, and their thoughts are in extreme contradiction and confusion, and their outlook on life and values are prone to tilt, thus breeding bad thoughts such as total westernization, hedonism, money worship, worship of foreign things and flattery of foreign countries.
Internet has changed the interpersonal relationship and lifestyle of young people in their work and life. Teenagers openly and frankly express their opinions on the internet, demand equal dialogue and challenge the authority of young workers, which often makes the effect of ideological and political work fail to meet expectations. At the same time, surfing the internet is easy to make teenagers form a self-centered lifestyle, with weak collective consciousness and rampant individual liberalism.
3. Information rubbish weakens teenagers' ideological and moral consciousness. According to an expert survey, 47% of online information is related to pornography, and about 60% of teenagers inadvertently come into contact with pornographic information online. There are also some illegal organizations or individuals who publish black news on the Internet that disturbs the political economy and confuses young people. This kind of information rubbish will weaken teenagers' ideological and moral consciousness, pollute teenagers' hearts and mislead teenagers' behavior.
4. The concealment of Internet leads to the increase of immoral behavior and illegal and criminal behavior of teenagers. On the one hand, a few teenagers browse pornographic and illegal websites, make friends with false identities and chat maliciously. On the other hand, cyber crimes have increased, such as spreading viruses, hacking, theft through banks and credit cards, and fraud. These criminals are mainly teenagers, most of whom have simple motives, and some even want to "have fun", "have fun" and "show their talents". In addition, the imperfect legal system on the internet also gives teenagers the opportunity to commit crimes.
Content 3 "Symptoms" of Internet Youth
First, recognize the "fast food-induration" syndrome.
For many young people who are in a hurry, the Internet, like knowledge fast food, greatly stimulates their strong desire for knowledge, and they can find the information they need immediately in the vast ocean of information with the click of a mouse, thus greatly improving the efficiency of study and work in unit time. As for all kinds of fashionable exhibits on the internet, they are all driven by curiosity and thirst for knowledge, and they never examine and doubt their structural components and operational effects. The whole brain becomes a machine full of vitality and numbness when swallowing dates, which leads to many inducements not only devouring young people's youthful brains that should be full of vitality and opinions, but also blocking their internalization of true knowledge.
Second, the emotional "diarrhea-indifference" syndrome.
For those young people who have not completely got rid of patriarchy and adaptive education, although their emotional expression is always influenced by others and society in reality, many repressed emotions can erupt freely in the online world. Making friends online, chatting online and chatting on BBS have become smooth channels for people to forget the oppression of authority, relieve loneliness and vent their dissatisfaction. It's just that we have observed that although the network helps young people to relieve pressure and balance their psychology to a certain extent, too many virtual online emotional exchanges undoubtedly make many young people try to bury their true feelings in their hearts while releasing their emotions, unwilling to reveal them to the real world and too lazy to communicate with real people. In life, these people are taciturn, not good at talking, not moved by the world, and show a cold attitude. The network has become a spiritual lock for some people to face the real emotional world.
Third, the will of "autonomy-expansion" syndrome.
In the unmanned field of Internet, young people can take themselves as the center, take their own needs as the criterion, independently use online resources according to their own will, independently play various roles in the game, and independently design amazing "small productions" and "small inventions". Although this unrestrained and arbitrary will is beneficial to the publicity of young people's personality to a certain extent. However, we are also shocked by the extreme egoism of some people: some young people just want to show their personality and always want to make a big splash through their own will, so they are willing to create a huge bubble of ideas and opinions on the Internet at will, and even let the world take him as the protagonist. They do not hesitate to do excessive acts such as destroying other people's data, destroying other people's websites, invading other people's systems, and even create terrible network closures.
Fourth, fully understand the "youth problem" in network development and actively seek countermeasures.
1, fully understand the problem of online ideological infiltration, and strengthen the education and guidance for young people. Strengthen ideological and political education for young people, guide them with education from Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, strengthen socialist ideals and beliefs, strive to establish a correct outlook on life, world outlook and values, enhance patriotism and carry forward the national spirit.
2. Strengthen the construction of online civilized behavior norms. It is necessary to widely carry out various activities with the theme of publicizing the Convention on Youth Network Civilization, actively guide young people to abide by network ethics, and advocate "five wants and five noes", that is, to be good at learning online and not to browse bad information; Honest and friendly, not insulting and deceiving others; To enhance the awareness of protection, you can't meet netizens at will; It is necessary to maintain network security without disturbing network order; Should be conducive to physical and mental health, can not indulge in virtual space. Strive to create a clean, healthy, civilized and orderly network environment.
3. Build a youth education system with interactive network and society. The ideological education of teenagers in the network age is a complex systematic project, and the government, society and family should work together to achieve three combinations: first, organically combine the political advantages of traditional youth education with the characteristics of the Internet; The second is to combine the organizational strength of the party, government and military groups with the work of cultivating online young volunteers; The third is to combine the website construction with the necessary reform of existing youth organizations and institutions to meet the needs of network development. In addition, we should also pay attention to strengthening the socialization education of teenagers, improve their ability to adapt to modern society, and make them face the real world bravely and actively participate in the practice of transforming society.
4. Cultivate a group of young workers who meet the requirements of the Internet age. According to the survey, at present, 5.6% of young workers don't know how to use computers at all, and 38.4% don't surf the Internet at all. This situation is difficult to meet the educational requirements of the network age. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the network technology training for young workers, so that they can master the knowledge and skills related to the Internet as soon as possible, enrich the knowledge capacity, improve the knowledge structure, understand the thoughts and thoughts of young people, and make the education work more targeted.
5. Open up more and better youth websites and actively occupy network positions. At present, most youth websites have no freshness and sense of the times, and are relatively dull, so it is not easy to produce strong cohesion and appeal. Therefore, we should build a youth website with rich and colorful contents, unique forms and innovative ideas as soon as possible, and carry out positive education for young people with the style of "distinctive theme, vivid form, fresh and elegant, and healthy progress", so as to truly achieve the breakthrough of "convincing people with reason and convincing people with emotion". At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the development and production of youth education software, use the legal and technical feasibility to crack down on cyber crimes, and take a benign development track of "rule of law".
Source: Contemporary Youth Studies, No.4, 2002.
Advantages and disadvantages of middle school students surfing the internet
Investigation and study on the advantages and disadvantages of middle school students surfing the internet
The benefits of middle school students surfing the internet
The information characteristics of the network promote the renewal of middle school students' modern concepts, such as learning concept, efficiency concept and global consciousness. It enables middle school students to keep in touch with new things and technologies and accept the challenges of new ideas. Professor Yang, director of the Department of Psychology at Sun Yat-sen University, believes that the Internet brings more positive things to children than negative things, except that illegal pornographic and violent websites may cause harm to children. Moreover, for middle school students, the internet is an unavoidable thing. Whether you like it or not, it is destined to become an indispensable thing in middle school students' life. Not allowing middle school students to surf the Internet will be detrimental to their growth. So what are the benefits of surfing the Internet for middle school students?
First, broaden your horizons.
Internet is an encyclopedic world with rich information, fast information exchange and strong freedom, which enables middle school students to enjoy global information. Middle school students can get their own needs at will, browse the world, know the world and know the latest news and information in the world, which greatly broadens their horizons and brings great convenience and fun to their study and life.
Second, strengthen foreign exchanges.
The Internet has created a virtual new world. In this new world, every member can transcend the limitations of time and space, contact and communicate with people he knows or doesn't know, and discuss topics of common interest. Because of the "virtual" nature of network communication, people can avoid the friction and injury in direct communication, thus providing a brand-new communication place for people to meet their emotional needs and obtain information. Middle school students can further expand the space-time field of foreign exchange and realize the liberalization of contacts and friends. At the same time, middle school students are mostly only children and lonely at home. Psychologically, they are the most eager to communicate with others. Communication in real life may bring them pressure, especially those who are introverted. The network has given them new communication space and a relatively relaxed and equal environment.
Third, promote the individualized development of middle school students.
The world is rich and colorful, so should the development of mankind. The Internet provides an infinite variety of development opportunities for this environment. Middle school students can find their own development direction online, and they can also get resources and motivation for development. Learning, research and even innovation can be realized by using the Internet, which is the most efficient learning. There is a huge amount of knowledge to learn on the Internet, which provides a very broad field for middle school students to make long-span association and imagination, and constantly provides nutrients for creative thinking. Some computer games can strengthen the logical thinking ability of middle school students to some extent.
Fourth, expand the space for middle school students to receive education today.
In our questionnaire survey, 15% people have improved their academic performance because of surfing the internet, which is also something we are proud of. Internet resources can help middle school students find suitable learning materials, even suitable schools and teachers, which has begun to become a reality, such as some famous online schools. It is worth mentioning that there are many students with learning difficulties, but they don't complain at all about learning computers and making web pages. It can be seen that their backwardness is mainly because their personality type and ability tendency are not suitable for a certain teaching mode. It can be said that the Internet provides a vast world for these "poor students" to display their intelligence.
The history of scientific and technological development has continuously proved that science and technology are like a double-edged sword, which is beneficial to human development and harmful to human interests. As a technological newborn in the information society, the network also has this duality without exception. At the same time, due to the immaturity of middle school students' physical and mental development, the particularity of the network and the imperfection of the network development, we should not only see the beneficial side of computer network to middle school students, but also see its negative impact and pay enough attention to it.
Disadvantages of middle school students surfing the internet
First, the richness of network information is likely to cause "information pollution" to middle school students.
Network is a treasure house of information and a garbage dump of information. All kinds of information on the internet coexist, and it is difficult to distinguish between true and false. Due to the lack of effective supervision, negative information such as pornography and reaction is common on the Internet. At the same time, the interactivity and equality of the network enable people to receive and disseminate information in an absolutely free environment. These bad information are difficult to resist the negative influence of bad information for middle school students who are in the stage of physical and mental development and have weak ability of distinguishing right from wrong, self-control and choice. Individual Internet cafe operators even seize this characteristic of middle school students, shielding, conniving and supporting them to log on pornographic and violent websites, making them addicted to the Internet. As a result, some middle school students can't make ends meet until they embark on the criminal road of stealing, robbing, raping and killing. For example, we found the article "The Internet is haunted by wolves" on People's Online (/GB/IT/52/303/2002128/876736.html), which mainly introduced the criminal incidents that occurred in China and other countries because of teenagers surfing the Internet since 2000.
Second, the arbitrariness of network information dissemination tends to weaken middle school students' moral consciousness.
Rich and colorful network information greatly enriches the spiritual world of middle school students, but due to the randomness of information dissemination, various ideas and concepts are also filled with it, which has great temptation to middle school students with weak self-monitoring ability and great curiosity, leading to the lack of moral norms. At the same time, the concealment of information reception and dissemination on the internet makes it easy for middle school students to indulge their behavior on the internet, do what they want to do completely according to their own wishes, and forget their social responsibilities. Some middle school students don't think that "lying in online chat is immoral" and think that "you can do anything without restraint", which greatly weakens the binding force of middle school students on their own behavior and gradually increases bad online behavior.
Third, the virtual nature of the network has caused the "lack" of middle school students' socialization.
The network can instantly transmit words, sounds and images, providing a multimedia and interactive three-dimensional way for middle school students' interpersonal communication. Sending and receiving emails online is convenient and quick, QQ is novel and timely, chat rooms are relaxed and happy, and BBS discussions are free and extensive. Through these channels, middle school students can talk to many strangers, help each other and talk to each other. However, this kind of socialization is only a virtual socialization, and the communication between people is blocked by machines, which is a form of "person-machine-symbol-symbol-machine-person" communication. This form of communication removes many social attributes of both parties, which is characterized by "de-socialization", which is far from the socialization in real social situations. Moreover, the communication scope of teenagers on the internet is mostly limited to peer communication between teenagers, and middle school students have less social communication with parents, relatives and friends, teachers and so on. And intergenerational learning and interaction are obviously insufficient. It can be seen from our survey that the main purpose of 20.4% middle school students surfing the Internet is chatting.
Fourthly, the temptation of the internet leads to the symptoms of "Internet addiction" and "Internet loneliness" among middle school students.
The internet is full of new things, and it is still increasing. Therefore, it has infinite attraction to middle school students who are easy to accept new things, which often leads to their extreme fascination with the internet. Male and middle school students are the main group of internet addiction. Because of their weak psychological quality and self-control, they have become a frequent group of network psychological disorders. Because patients regard the online world as real life, divorced from the times, and have no common language with others, they show symptoms such as loneliness, depression, slow thinking, low self-evaluation, and even suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Medically, this symptom is called "Internet addiction syndrome" or IAD for short.
Analyze the causes of unfavorable factors
First, the physical and mental development characteristics of middle school students
Middle school students' period is a very special stage. Individuals from primary school to junior high school, physical and mental development has undergone great changes. First of all, there are two kinds of needs that have an important influence on their psychology and behavior. The first is the heat of sex, which makes middle school students' sexual consciousness and sexual impulse appear, that is, sexual demand appears; Secondly, due to the all-round development of the body, middle school students have a sense of adulthood and a strong demand for independence. These physical and mental development characteristics will inevitably lead them to be easily disturbed by online information.
Second, the Internet itself.
The global, interactive, rich and easy-to-use information resources and forms of the Internet provide a rare business place for the for-profit sex service industry. In order to attract customers, these websites often post pornographic pictures on their home pages, so that anyone who accesses the Internet can see them intentionally or unintentionally, including middle school students. Once the immature middle school students come into contact with these contents, the impact can be imagined.
Third, parents and schools.
In our survey data, 79.4% parents of middle school students did not guide their children online. In today's society, middle school students' parents spend a lot of time at work, and few middle school students accompanied by adults use the Internet to kill time. As the most concentrated place for middle school students to receive education, school is the most important part of middle school students' education. However, some schools ignore the network moral education for students and the adolescent education that our traditional education often avoids, which leads to the lack of correct guidance and network moral awareness for middle school students.
Fourth, social reasons.
At present, the fierce competition in the operation of Internet cafes has led some business owners to engage in unfair competition in order to make profits, regardless of laws and ethics. At the same time, communication, public security, culture and industry and commerce are not coordinated enough in the management of Internet cafes, and there are still a large number of Internet cafes with incomplete "three certificates". Preventive measures and supervision system still lag behind the development of network technology.
The influence of computer network on middle school students' psychological development and mental health is twofold, and the negative influence is more positive. The key lies in how mental health workers, schools, families and society can further exert the positive psychological effects of computer networks and control and reduce their negative effects, which is a brand-new topic. According to the data and results of the survey, we put forward the following suggestions on how to correctly guide and prevent the disadvantages brought by surfing the Internet:
Suggestions for eliminating shortcomings
First of all, middle school students should abide by network ethics and develop good online habits.
Middle school students should not immerse themselves in virtual worlds such as online chat and games, browse, produce and disseminate unhealthy information, chat with insulting and abusive language, and don't date strangers easily. Try to see things that are beneficial to your daily study and life, and be sure to maintain self-control. Before surfing the Internet, you'd better make a small plan. Write down what you want to do first and do it one by one. Under the education of schools and parents, middle school students should learn five refusals in the combination of perceptual and rational understanding: first, refuse the formation of unhealthy psychology; The second is to reject network infringement; The third is to reject bad habits and behaviors; The fourth is to reject the poison of pornography and violence; The fifth is to refuse internet cafes that minors should not enter. In short, middle school students should consciously abide by network ethics and resist the erosion of bad network information.
Second, parents should take the initiative to care for their children and guide the Internet correctly.
As parents, we must care about children's study and life, and avoid students going to Internet cafes without being known by parents. In addition, some middle school students often use the Internet at home. Parents should have a certain understanding of the Internet, correctly guide their children to surf the Internet, and at the same time care about what their children are watching and learning, and learn, communicate and grow with their children. Psychological counseling practice shows that many family education failures are due to the lack of effective communication between parents and children. Parents and children surfing the Internet can provide a topic for two generations to discuss. It is a good opportunity for family education to look up information and comment on right and wrong on the Internet together. Parents should have a sense of being ahead, keep learning, improve their self-cultivation and abilities in all aspects, and strive to be the people their children admire most. It is the unshirkable responsibility of every parent to strengthen the supervision of children's internet access and strictly control the content and time of children's internet access. Only in this way can we give full play to the role of the network, which not only helps middle school students to become talents with the help of the network, but also eliminates its negative effects. At the same time, parents should increase their education on children's network security, strengthen information communication with schools, and prevent children from logging in bad websites at home or in Internet cafes, so as to avoid being infringed by the Internet or causing illegal crimes.
Thirdly, schools should focus on the education of ideals and beliefs and strengthen the all-round quality education of middle school students.
The school is the main channel of legal education, so it is necessary to strengthen the education of students' ideology and morality, law-abiding, network self-care and so on, and enrich their extracurricular cultural life; The legal principals and moral education teachers of all schools should carry out online legal education in the form of special lectures and organize special discussions in combination with the actual situation of students. At the same time, we should use Deng Xiaoping Theory education to guide middle school students, give full consideration to their physical and mental characteristics, and carry out the education of ideals and beliefs vividly, so that they can firmly follow the socialist road, establish a correct outlook on life, world outlook and values, enhance their moral judgment ability, guide them to learn to choose, identify good and bad, improve their self-discipline and self-protection ability, encourage them to carry out network moral innovation, improve their personal cultivation and cultivate their moral self-discipline ability. At the same time, qualified schools can also establish campus Internet cafes to provide students with a safe and healthy online environment.
Third, establish a green website suitable for middle school students and occupy the forefront of the network.
At present, there are many kinds of websites, but the health and education websites lack click-through rates. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the team construction of network work, strive to build a team with high ideological and moral cultivation, be familiar with the psychological characteristics and ideological conditions of middle school students, understand the characteristics of network culture, effectively master network technology, build a number of green websites that can attract the attention of middle school students, conduct lively education on the Internet, and carry forward the main theme. A website suitable for middle school students' physical and mental development attracts and unites middle school students with the main theme and their favorite content. This generation of middle school students living on the information superhighway will certainly grow up healthily.
Fourth, the state and local governments should strengthen network management and standardize the orderly development of the Internet and related undertakings.
Since the birth of the Internet, cyber crime has become a companion of network development. Cybercrime has spread rapidly, involving a wide range, strong concealment and great harm, and has become a cancer in the network society. 1997,1997 On February 30th, China's Ministry of Public Security issued "Administrative Measures for Security Protection of Computer Information Network International Networking", which only standardized the healthy development of the network to a certain extent. Our communications, public security, culture, industry and commerce departments should also strengthen coordination and cooperation, intensify the management and investigation of Internet cafes, resolutely ban illegal operations, regularly inspect Internet cafes with business licenses, and promptly correct problems. In addition, computer technology should be used to strengthen the development of network "firewall", especially the development of software for filtering bad information on the Internet. It is necessary to establish a network monitoring mechanism, set up a network monitoring security department, recruit network police and intensify the crackdown to deal with the increasingly rampant network crime.
Research conclusions:
The network society has quietly arrived. We can't ignore the problems it brings because of its strong vitality and great positive role in the development of middle school students, nor can we stay away from it because of its negative role. We should strengthen the research on middle school students' surfing the Internet, explore new situations, create new methods, solve new problems and enhance the effectiveness of middle school students' surfing the Internet.
It is necessary to combine guidance with standardization, so that middle school students can develop the good habit of using their brains to surf the Internet. Tell middle school students the illusory nature of the network and the complexity of information through various channels, continue to guide and properly regulate them to go online, make them have a sense of prevention, learn to distinguish the difference between real life and the network world, and cultivate their awareness of network morality. Educate middle school students about network knowledge and enhance their awareness of network information. At the same time, give proper care and love and listen to what they are thinking. It not only brings good roads, but also provides "protection" At present, under the condition of imperfect network regulations and technology, this may be a more feasible and important way for families and schools to solve the adverse effects of surfing the Internet.
References:
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