In 19.3, Zixia’s disciples asked Zi Zhang. Zi Zhang said, "What does Zi Xia mean?" He replied, "Zi Xia said, 'Give those who are acceptable, and reject those who are not.'" Zi Zhang said, "It is different from what I have heard: a gentleman respects the virtuous and tolerates others. I am a great virtuous person, but I cannot tolerate it. If I am not virtuous, others will reject me. How can I reject others? ”

Comments

▲ Zixia: surname is Bu, given name is Shang, and given name is Zixia.

▲Zizhang: The complex surname is Zhuansun, a famous teacher, and the courtesy name is Zizhang.

▲Ask about friendship: Ask about the way to interact with others.

▲To intersect and interact with.

▲Reject: refuse to interact.

▲眜: pity, sympathy.

Translation

Zixia’s students asked Zi Zhang for advice on how to make friends. Zizhang asked: "What did Zixia say?" The student replied: "Zixia said: 'Let those who can associate with each other, let them associate with each other, and those who cannot associate with each other, refuse to associate with them.'" Zizhang said, "What I heard Different from this: 'A gentleman respects virtuous people and tolerates ordinary people; he praises good people and sympathizes with those who are incompetent. 'If I am a virtuous person, why can't I tolerate ordinary people? If I am an unvirtuous person, others will refuse to associate with me. , how can I refuse others? "

Xueersi

Zixia pays attention to personal cultivation, so "there is no idle person in his dealings." Zizhang asked many times about the way to govern, so he "respected the virtuous and tolerated the masses." Confucius taught students in accordance with their aptitude, and one should not underestimate Zixia's words because of Zhang's words.

"Advanced Chapter" 11.16 Zigong asked: "Which one is wiser, Master or Shang?" Confucius said: "The master is too good, but the Shang is not as good." He said: "Then the master is better?" The Master said: "To go too far is not enough."

Knowledge expansion

He Yan's "Ji Jie" quoted Bao Xian as saying: "Friendly friendship should be like Zixia, and extensive friendship should be like Zizhang."

Cai Yong's "Orthogonal Theory": Zi Xia's disciples asked Zi Zhang, and the two sons each heard about the master. However, since he is a teacher and a businessman, he is tolerant, so he tells him to reject others; his teacher is also shy, so he trains him to tolerate others. Everyone should correct themselves according to their own behavior. If they follow the righteous way of Zhongni, they will "love everyone and their relatives (Xue Er Pian" 1.6).