What does the phrase "leap remaining years old, Lu Lu adjusts Yang" in "The Thousand Character Essay" mean?
Answer: The accumulated leap years are combined into one month and placed in the leap year; the ancients used Liulu and Liulu to regulate yin and yang.
How to understand this sentence?
Answer: ① Leap years: The ancient Chinese calendar uses the waxing and waning of the moon as one month, and twelve months as one year, but people actually experience one year (the time it takes for the earth to orbit the sun once There is a difference between the time) and it, and this time difference is called "leap remainder". In order to solve this problem, the ancients added up the "leap surplus" accumulated to a certain extent every few years to form a "leap month" and inserted it into the year. The year with a "leap month" is a "leap year". Leap, remainder. Years, years.
② Lu Lu: Lu Guan and Lu Guan, a device used to adjust the temperament in ancient China, equivalent to the modern tuner. In ancient China, an octave was divided into twelve semitones that are not completely equal, arranged in order from low to high. Each semitone is called a rhythm, among which the odd numbers are called "Lv", the even numbers are called "Lv", and the twelve The law is divided into "Six Laws" and "Liu Lu", referred to as "Lü Lu". According to legend, during the time of the Yellow Emperor, Ling Lun controlled music and used Lu Lu to adjust yin and yang.
Original text
Thousand-Character Text
[Southern and Northern Dynasties] Zhou Xingsi
The sky and the earth are dark and yellow, and the universe is primitive.
The sun and moon are full, and the stars and constellations are listed.
Cold comes and summer comes, autumn harvests and winter hides.
When there is a leap year, Lu will adjust Yang.
The clouds turn into rain, and the dew turns into frost.
Gold comes from Lishui, jade comes from Kungang.
The sword is called Juque, and the pearl is called Luminous.
The fruits are rich in plum and the vegetables are heavy on mustard and ginger.
The sea is salty and the river is fresh, and the scales are hidden and the feathers are flying.
The dragon master, the fire emperor, the bird official and the human emperor.
When writing was first made, it was to wear clothes.
There were Yu Tao and Tang Dynasties who gave way to the country.
To punish the people and punish crimes, Zhou issued Yin Tang.
Sit down and ask, bowing your head to the ground.
He loves and educates Li Shou, and his ministers serve the Rong and Qiang.
Far and near are one, and the guests return to the king.
The phoenix sings in the bamboo, and the white horse eats.
Transformed into vegetation, it reaches all directions.
This body and hair are covered by the four elements and five constant elements.
How dare you damage Gongwei's care.
Women admire chastity, and men admire virtue.
If you know your mistakes, you must change them, and if you are able, never forget them.
Don’t talk about the shortcomings of others, but rely on your own strengths.
The messenger can be defeated, but the desire of the weapon is difficult to measure.
The ink dyes the silk with sorrow, and the poem praises the lamb.
Jingxing is a virtuous person, and Ke Nian is a saint.
Virtue builds a reputation, and the form is upright.
The sound is transmitted in the empty valley, and the sound is heard in the empty hall.
Misfortunes are caused by evil accumulation, and blessings are caused by good things.
A ruler and a jade are not treasures, but an inch of yin is a competition.
Zi Fu serves the king with strictness and respect.
To be filial, you should do your best, and to be loyal, you should do your best.
Learning from deep and thin, long-awaited and warm.
As fresh as a orchid, as prosperous as a pine tree.
The stream flows endlessly, reflected in the clear water.
The tone is calm and thoughtful, and the words are calm.
Sincerity is beautiful at the beginning, and it is appropriate to be cautious in the end.
The foundation of prosperity is endless.
He studied well and became an official, and became a regent and engaged in politics.
Keep it in Gantang, go and chant it again.
Happiness differentiates between high and low, etiquette distinguishes between high and low.
The top is in harmony with the bottom, and the husband sings and the wife follows.
He was trained by Fu outside and became a rite of worship for his mother.
All aunts and uncles are like sons and daughters.
Brothers Kong Huai are like brothers.
Score points for making friends and cutting rules.
Be kind and compassionate, and you can never leave after making mistakes.
Be honest and upright, and be honest and honest.
Quiet in nature and relaxed in mood, with an excited heart and a tired mind.
Stand true and be full of ambition, and pursue things and change your mind.
Adhere to elegance and be good at self-discipline.
The city is Huaxia, and there are two capitals in the east and west.
Back to Mang and facing Luo, floating on Wei and occupying Jing.
The palace is gloomy and the view from the building is startling.
The pictures depict animals and colorful fairies.
Beside the Bing house, there is a couplet facing the A tent.
A banquet was set up, with drums, harps and sheng played.
Upgraded to accept the throne, turned to the star of doubt.
The right leads to Guang Nei, and the left reaches Chengming.
It not only gathers tombs, but also gathers heroes.
Du Manuscript, Zhongli, and lacquered script on the wall.
The generals and ministers of the mansion are Luo, and the heroes of the road are Huaiqing.
The household was sealed in eight counties, and the family was given thousands of soldiers.
The high crown accompanies the chariot, driving the hub and vibrating the tassels.
The world is luxurious and rich, and the car is fat and light.
The achievements are substantial and the inscriptions are inscribed on the tablets.
Yi Yin in Panxi, assisted by A Heng.
Amazhai Qufu, Wei Dan’s camp.
Gong Huan helped the weak and supported the weak.
Qi returned to Hanhui and expressed her gratitude to Wu Ding.
Know what is right and what is right, but what is wise is true.
Jin and Chu were more domineering, while Zhao and Wei were in dire straits.
The false way will destroy Guo, and the true soil will make an alliance.
How to abide by the contract and law, and Han will suffer from punishment.
The Qi Jian is quite animal husbandry, and the military is the best.
Xuanwei Desert is famous for its paintings.
The traces of Yu in nine states, and the merger of hundreds of counties with Qin.
Yue Zong Taidai, Zen master Yunting.
Yanmen Zisai, Jitian Chicheng.
Kunchi Jieshi, Juye Dongting.
The vastness is far away, and the mountains are deep and dark.
Treat the root cause of the problem and focus on farming.
My art is millet and millet.
If you pay taxes, pay tribute to new ones, and encourage rewards to depose the emperor.
Meng Ke was honest, and Shi Yu was upright.
The common people are moderate, but I sincerely give this order.
Listen to the sound and understand the reason, and discern the appearance and color.
It is necessary to encourage Jiayou to plant it.
Eliminate ridicule and admonition, favor and increase resistance.
It was almost a shame, but Lin Gao was lucky.
When two people see opportunities, who will force them to break up?
Just stay in a quiet place, silent and lonely.
Seek the ancients and seek theories, and relax your thoughts.
I am happy to play and tired of dispatching, and I am happy to thank you for recruiting.
The history of the canal and the garden is like drawing strips.
The loquats are green at night, and the sycamores are withered by fleas.
Chen Gen is in the shade, and the fallen leaves are swaying.
The wandering Kun travels alone, and the sky is full of light.
Read, play, and watch the market.
Easy to be frightened, it belongs to the ear wall.
Easy to eat and drink, it is delicious and filling.
When you are full, you will cook and slaughter, but when you are hungry, you will be tired of the chaff.
Relatives are old and old, old and young have different food.
I am a concubine who spins clothes and serves as a servant in the draping room.
The fan is round and clean, and the silver candle is bright.
Sleeping during the day and sleeping at night, the blue bamboo shoots look like a bed.
Enjoy the banquet with music and wine, take the glasses and raise the wine.
Stretching your hands and feet will make you happy and healthy.
The direct descendants continued and offered sacrifices to Haochang.
Jizhen bowed again, terrified and frightened.
The ultimatum is brief and the answer is detailed.
The dirt wants to bathe, and the heat wants to cool.
Donkeys, mules and calves are special, and they can leap ahead of the horse.
Execute thieves and thieves and capture rebels.
Bushe Liaowan, Ji Qin and Ruan Xiao.
Tian pen and paper, Jun Qiao is allowed to fish.
It explains the differences and benefits the customs, and everything is wonderful.
Mao Shi is graceful, and the workman has a beautiful smile.
Every time the year passes, the sun shines brightly.
Xuanji hangs in the air, and the darkness shines all around.
Refers to the salary to repair the evil, and the eternal peace is auspicious.
Lead step by step and admire the gallery temple.
The girdle is reserved, wandering and looking around.
Ignorant, ignorant and ignorant.
It’s so easy to say that the predicate helps.
Translation
The sky is blue-black and the earth is yellow.
The universe was formed in a state of chaos and ignorance.
The sun is upright and tilted, the moon is round and missing,
Stars are scattered in the boundless space.
The cycle of cold and heat changes, coming and going, going and coming again.
Harvest crops in autumn and store food in winter.
The accumulated leaps and bounds of several years merge into one month. In leap years,
the ancients used the Liulu and Liulu to regulate yin and yang.
When the clouds rise and become cold, they form rain.
When the dew at night becomes cold, they condense into frost.
Gold is produced in the Jinsha River, and
jades are produced in the Kunlun Mountains.
The sharpest sword is called "Juque",
The most precious pearl is called "Yeguang".
The most precious fruits are plums and cypresses.
The most important vegetables are mustard greens and ginger.
The sea water is salty and the river water is fresh.
Fish swim in the water and birds fly in the air.
The Dragon Master, the Fire Emperor, the Bird Official, and the Human Emperor,
These are all imperial officials from ancient times.
Cangjie (jié) created writing,
Lei (léi) made clothes.
Tang Yao and Yu Shun were wise and selfless, and
took the initiative to abdicate their thrones to meritorious officials and sages.
To appease the people and defeat the tyrants,
it was King Wu of Zhou Jifa and King of Shang Chengtang.
A wise monarch sits in the court and asks ministers about the way to govern the country.
With his clothes hanging down and his hands in hand, he can easily bring peace to the world and make outstanding achievements.
They caressed and sympathized with the common people,
making people of all ethnic groups from all over the world bow their heads.
The whole world is unified into a whole,
All the people submit to his rule obediently.
The phoenix chirped happily in the bamboo forest,
The little white horse ate grass freely on the pasture.
The benevolent rule of the sage and virtuous king has benefited all the plants and trees, and
the blessings have spread to all the people in the world.
The human body, hair and skin belong to the "Four Elements",
Every word and action must conform to the "Five Constants".
I sincerely think about the kindness of my parents in raising me.
How dare I destroy it?
Women should look up to those chaste women who are rigorous in their conduct.
Men should imitate those who are talented and moral.
If you know you have made mistakes, you must correct them.
Don’t give up on things that suit you.
Don’t talk about other people’s shortcomings,
and don’t rely on your own strengths to stop making progress.
Honest words must withstand the test,
Measures must be large and difficult to estimate.
Mozi lamented that white silk was stained with mottled colors,
The Book of Songs praised the lamb for always remaining pure and pure.
We must admire the virtues of sages,
restrain selfish desires and strive to imitate sages.
If you develop good morals, you will have a good reputation.
Just like if your body is dignified, your appearance will be upright.
The shouts could be heard far away in the empty valley, and the voices in the spacious hall were very clear.
Disaster is the result of many evil deeds,
Full fortune is the reward of good deeds.
A foot-long jade cannot be considered a real treasure.
Even a moment is worth cherishing.
Serve your father and serve your monarch,
Be serious and respectful.
To be filial to your parents you should do your best, and to be loyal to your monarch you should sacrifice your life.
Be as careful as "walking on thin ice",
Get up early and go to bed late, serve your parents and make them feel warm in winter and cool in summer.
Let your virtue be as fragrant as orchid,
as lush as pine and cypress.
It can also be extended to future generations, like the endless flow of a great river,
It affects the world, like the clear blue pool shining on people.
Appearance and behavior should be calm and serene,
Words should be prudent and calm.
It is good to cultivate yourself, study, and pay attention to the beginning.
It is more important to do it seriously and get good results.
This is the foundation of a lifetime of honor. With this foundation,
there will be no end to development.
You can become an official after you have finished your studies.
You can exercise your powers to participate in state affairs.
The Zhou people missed Zhao Bo's virtuous government. When Zhao Gong was alive, he used to govern under the Gantang tree.
After his death, the people remembered and praised him even more.
Music should be different according to people's status,
Etiquette should be different according to people's status.
Both the superiors and the subordinates should live in harmony.
The husband and wife should sing along and be harmonious.
Receive the teachings of the master outside, and follow the teachings of the parents at home.
Treat aunts, uncles, uncles and other elders as if they were your own children.
Brothers should care for each other, because they share the same blood as their parents,
They are like branches connected together.
To make friends, you need to be like-minded.
You need to be able to learn from each other and encourage each other in terms of conduct.
Benevolence, kindness, and compassion for others can never be abandoned at any time or anywhere.
Integrity, justice, honesty, and humility are the qualities that cannot be lacking even in the most destitute times.
Keep your heart quiet and calm, and your emotions will be comfortable and comfortable.
If your heart is moved by external things, your spirit will be tired and sleepy.
If you maintain your natural good nature, your wishes will be satisfied.
If you pursue materialistic enjoyment, your good nature will shift and change.
Keep your noble sentiments firmly, and a good position will naturally belong to you.
The ancient Chinese capitals were gorgeous and spectacular,
including Luoyang in Tokyo and Chang'an in Xijing.
Luoyang is close to Mang Mountain in the north and faces the Luoshui River.
Chang'an is across the Weishui River in the north and far away from the Jinghe River.
The palace has twists and turns,
the towers and palaces are about to fly in the sky, which is frightening.
The palace is painted with birds and animals,
there are also painted gods and goddesses.
The side halls on both sides of the main hall open from the sides,
The luxurious tents face high.
Tall pillars,
There were banquets in the palace, music and sheng were played, and there was great joy.
The officials went up and down the steps to toast each other, turning their beaded hats,
like a sky full of stars.
The right side leads to Guangnei Hall, which is used to store books.
The left side leads to Chengming Hall, where courtiers rest.
Many classics and classics are collected here,
There are also groups of civil and military talents.
There are manuscripts of Du Du’s cursive script and authentic official scripts of Zhong Yao.
There are also lacquer calligraphy excavated from the Wang Tomb of Wei Anli in Jí County. Ancient books, as well as ancient scriptures discovered by King Lu Gong of the Han Dynasty in the walls of the Confucius Temple in Qufu (fù).
The people inside the palace lined up their thoughts in two rows.
Outside the palace, the officials and ministers stood in the aisle.
Each of them has a fiefdom of more than eight counties,
and thousands of armed guards.
Officials wearing tall hats accompanied the emperor on his travels,
driving carriages and horses, with hat ribbons fluttering, so majestic.
Their descendants have received salaries for generations and are luxurious and wealthy.
When they go out, they have light cars and fat horses, and are proud of the spring breeze.
The imperial court also recorded their merits and deeds in detail and accurately,
engraved them on stone tablets and passed them down to future generations.
King Wu of Zhou met Lu Shang in Fenxi and respected him as "Tai Gongwang".
Yi Yin assisted in current affairs, and King Tang of Shang named him "Aheng".
King Cheng of Zhou occupied the area around Qufu in the ancient state of Yan.
How could it have been accomplished if not for Zhou Gongdan's assistance.
Qi Huangong rectified the princes of the world,
all under the banner of "helping the weak" and "saving people from danger".
When Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty was the crown prince, he was able to avoid being deposed because of his talents.
Shang Jun Wu Ding received the legend of a virtuous prime minister in a dream.
The diligence and prudence of talented people have resulted in hundreds of officials settling into their respective positions.
Gong Wen of Jin and King Zhuang of Chu came to dominate successively,
Zhao and Wei were trapped in Lianheng.
The state of Jin borrowed a road from the state of Yu to destroy the state of Guo.
Dong Wen of Jin convened a blood alliance among the princes in Jiantu.
Xiao He followed the simple laws of Han Emperor Gaozu,
Han Fei died tragically under the harsh punishment he advocated.
Qin generals Bai Qi and Wang Jian, and Zhao generals Lian Po and Li Mu, are the most proficient in using troops.
Their prestige spread as far as the northern deserts,
Their reputation and portraits will forever be passed down in the annals of history.
The footprints of Dayu's flood control have been left in all nine states.
All counties in the country were unified after Qin merged with the Six Kingdoms.
The Five Mountains are respected by Mount Tai.
Emperors of all dynasties have hosted Zen ceremonies at Yunshan and Tingshan.
There is Yanmen in northern Xinjiang in Mingguan, the Great Wall in the fortress,
chicken fields in the post station, and Chicheng in Tiantai in Qishan.
Go to Dianchi Lake in Kunming to view the lake, Jieshi in Hebei to view the sea,
Go to Juye in Shandong to view the lake, and Dongting in Hunan on the lake.
China’s land is vast and remote, with no end in sight.
The famous mountains, strange valleys, deep and beautiful scenery, and the myriad phenomena.
Taking agriculture as the foundation of governing the country,
we must sow and harvest well.
It’s time to start the year’s farm work,
planting millet and yellow rice.
During the harvest season, newly ripened grains were used to pay taxes.
Good crops were commended and rewarded, while poor crops were punished.
Mencius advocated simplicity,
Ziyu, the historian, had an upright nature.
As a person, you must conform to the standard of moderation as much as possible.
You must be diligent and humble, cautious and careful, and know how to advise and admonish yourself.
When you listen to someone’s words, you need to examine the truth behind them.
When you look at someone’s appearance, you need to know their mood.
Leave correct and wise advice or suggestions to others,
Encourage others to conduct themselves in a cautious manner.
When you hear other people's sarcasm and warnings, you must reflect on yourself.
Don't get carried away when you are favored and fight against the powerful.
If you know that something dangerous and shameful is about to happen and you retreat into the mountains and forests,
you can still avoid disaster.
In the Han Dynasty, Shuguang and Shushou’s uncles and nephews saw an opportunity and went into seclusion.
Who forced them to resign from their official positions?
Living alone away from the king, living leisurely,
Wouldn’t it be a good thing to be quiet and do nothing all day long without having to talk too much.
Explore ancient people and events, read some wise sayings,
you can eliminate distracting thoughts and feel at ease.
Put together the easy things and leave the laborious things aside.
Eliminate endless troubles and gain infinite happiness.
The lotus flowers in the pond are blooming so brightly,
The green grass in the garden is sprouting buds.
The leaves of loquats are still green in winter, but the leaves of sycamores wither in autumn.
The roots of the old trees are winding and twisting, and
the fallen leaves are flying everywhere in the autumn wind.
Only Kunpeng, who traveled far away, soared independently,
straight into the clouds full of colorful clouds.
Wang Chong of the Han Dynasty was obsessed with reading in the street market.
All he looked at were bags and books.
Be aware of the dangers if you switch to a lighter car.
Be sure to prevent the walls from having ears when speaking.
Usual meals,
should suit the taste and make people feel full.
When you are full, you will naturally be satisfied with big fish and meat.
When you are hungry, you should be satisfied with simple meals.
Relatives and friends should be treated warmly when they meet.
The food for the elderly and children should be different from yours.
Concubines and maids should manage the housework well and serve their masters respectfully and wholeheartedly.
The round silk fan is white and elegant,
The white candle is bright and brilliant.
Have a nap during the day and sleep at night.
There are bamboo mats made of green strips and beds with ivory carved screens.
Playing music, singing songs, setting out wine and having a banquet,
Take the wine glass and drink to your heart's content.
I couldn’t help but dance,
I was really happy and healthy.
It is passed down from generation to generation, and
we must not slack off in offering sacrifices during the four seasons.
Kneel down and kowtow, and worship again and again.
The etiquette must be thorough and respectful, and the mood must be sad and pious.
Be concise and to the point when writing to others, and be careful and thoughtful when answering other people's questions.
When you are dirty, you want to take a bath.
When you hold something hot, you want the wind to cool it down.
When there is a disaster at home, even donkeys, mules, and livestock of all sizes will be frightened.
They will jump wildly and run around.
The government punished thieves,
captured rebels and desperadoes.
Lu Bu is good at archery, Yi Liao is good at playing with projectiles,
Ji Kang is good at playing the harp, and Ruan Ji is good at holding the mouth and shouting.
Meng Tian made the writing brush, Cai Lun invented papermaking,
Ma Jun invented the waterwheel, and Mr. Ren was good at fishing.
They are either good at resolving disputes for others, or they are good at making inventions that benefit society.
These are all very clever.
Mao Qiang and Xi Shi are beautiful.
Even if they frown, they still look like smiling.
Youth is fleeting, and time is rushing to make people grow older.
Only the brilliance of the sun will shine forever.
The high-hanging Beidou rotates with the changes of the seasons,
The bright and dim moonlight spreads throughout every corner of the world.
Follow nature, cultivate virtue and accumulate good fortune,
Eternal peace, how wonderful.
Only when your heart is calm can you walk with your head held high,
Every move you make will be as solemn as if you were in a sacred temple.
Wear neat and dignified clothes, behave calmly, and be far-sighted.
If you are ignorant and ignorant, you will not understand these principles.
You can only live in vain and make people laugh like the ignorant people.
Speaking of the auxiliary words in ancient books,
Those are "yan", "zai", "hu" and "ye".
Creative background
Literacy textbooks specifically for enlightenment appeared very early in China. In the Qin Dynasty, there were "Cangjie Pian" and "Yanli Pian", and in the Han Dynasty there were Sima Xiangru's "Fan Jiang Pian", Jia Li's "Peng Xi Pian", Cai Yong's "Encouragement to Learning", Shi You's "Emergency Chapter", and the Three Kingdoms period include "Pi Cang", "Guang Cang", "Shi Xue" Among these works, only "Ji Jiu Zhang" had an impact on later generations, and the others had little impact. Although "Ji Jiu Zhang" is a more prominent primary school book after "Cangjie Pian", due to various problems in its circulation, its authority was far less than before in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Some enlightenment readings that appeared during this period such as "Ting" "Gao", "Jieyou" and the like, their readability is limited. It was against this background that "The Thousand Character Essay" came out.
During the Southern Dynasties, in order to teach calligraphy to the kings of Liang Dynasty, Xiao Yan, Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty, asked Yin Tieshi to draw out a thousand different characters from Wang Xizhi's works, each character on a piece of paper, and then put these in no order. The rubbings were given to Zhou Xingsi, who compiled them into rhymes with content. This is the "Thousand-Character Classic" that has been passed down to the 21st century for more than 1,400 years.
Appreciation of the work
The "Explanation of the Thousand-Character Essay" compiled by Wang Xiaoyin and annotated by Sun Qianyi divided "The Thousand-Character Essay" into four parts, which they called four chapters.
Starting from the first sentence "Heaven and Earth are dark and yellow" to the thirty-sixth sentence "Laying all directions" is the first part;
From the thirty-seventh sentence "Covering this body" The second part begins with "发" and goes to the 102nd sentence "Hao Jue Zi Lian";
It starts from the 103rd sentence "Capital Huaxia" and ends with the 162nd sentence "Yanxiu Yaoming" is the third part;
Starting from the 163rd sentence "Treat the root cause of agriculture" to the 248th sentence "Foolish Meng Waiting for Criticism" is the fourth part .
There are two sentences at the end: "The predicate helps, it's so easy", they have no special meaning, so they are listed separately.
The first part of "The Thousand Character Essay" starts with the creation of heaven and earth. With the heaven and earth, there are the sun, moon, stars, clouds and rain, frost and fog, and the changes in the four seasons of cold and heat; there are also the gold and jade, iron tools (swords), treasures, fruits, vegetables, and rivers, lakes and seas that were born from the earth. Birds fly and fish swim; there are changes in people and times between heaven and earth. Here, "The Thousand Character Essay" tells the early history of mankind and the performance of the prosperous times of Shang Tang and Zhou Wu kings, that is, what the article says is "sitting in the court and asking questions, hanging down the bow to make peace. Love the Li head, and serve the Rong and Qiang." Far and near, we lead guests back to the king. The phoenix sings in the tree, and the white colt transforms into vegetation, reaching all directions."
The second part of "The Thousand Character Essay" focuses on the standards and principles of people's self-cultivation, that is, self-cultivation work. It points out that people should be filial to their parents, cherish the body passed down from their parents, "respectfully raise them, don't dare to damage them", be a good person, "know your mistakes and correct them", be trustworthy, maintain your innocence, establish a good image and credibility, "messengers can be overturned" "The desire for the instrument is difficult to measure. The ink is sad and the silk is dyed, the poem is praising the lamb" and the following four sentences are about this. Then the article gives an in-depth explanation of loyalty, filial piety, and people's speech and behavior, making friends, and keeping one's integrity.
The third part of "The Thousand Character Essay" talks about various issues related to governance. The first chapter of this chapter talks about the shape of the capital city and tries its best to describe the magnificence of the city. "The palaces are lush and the buildings are amazing." The capital has gathered a wealth of classics and a large number of talents. "It not only gathers tomb classics, but also gathers elites." This is the second meaning of the third part, which focuses on describing the luxurious life of the upper class and their cultural and martial arts. This part finally describes the vastness of the country's territory and the beauty of the scenery: "The traces of Yu in nine states, the union of hundreds of counties in Qin... The vastness is far away, the mountains are endless, and the rocks are deep and dark."
"
The fourth part of "The Thousand-Character Essay" mainly describes the tranquil pastoral life, praising those who are willing to be lonely and not fettered by fame and fortune, and yearn for the warm human kindness among the people. Wang Xiaoyin and Sun Qianyi's " "The Interpretation of the Thousand-Character Essay" believes that this part is about "the way a gentleman governs his family and his life." Its view has some truth, but it seems far-fetched, so it is not adopted.
The content of "The Thousand-Character Essay" is inconsistent. All kinds of knowledge are combined into one, and unified thoughts are used throughout the text, with clear context and concise language. Its advantages were later absorbed by the "Three Character Classic"
Celebrity Comments
Ming Dynasty. Wang Shizhen, a master of ancient prose, called this book a "wonderful article".
The Chu people of the Qing Dynasty praised it for being "limited to limited characters but able to run through it coherently without any mistakes, just like dancing on a piece of wood." "Long threads grow in tangled threads".
Hu Shi said that he had read the two sentences "The sky and the earth are black and yellow, the universe is primitive" since he was five years old. After being a university professor for ten years, he still did not understand the above two sentences. The meaning.
Gu Yanwu said: "The reader is troubled by the difficulty of "San Cang", but the "Qian Wen" is easy, so it is still a book commonly used by elementary school students. "
Zhang Taiyan once said that "Three Character Classic" has two shortcomings when compared with "Thousand-Character Classic", namely, "the words are repetitive and the words are devoid of inspiration." "Thousand-Character Classic" is unique in literary talent. The reading is charming and can be called a long poem to educate Meng.
About the author
Zhou Xingsi, courtesy name SiZhuan, was born in Xiang County, Chen County (now Shenqiu County, Henan Province). He died in Tongtong, Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty. In the second year of his life, he lived in Gushu and was erudite and good at literature. During the reign of Emperor Wu, he paid homage to the minister of Ancheng Kingdom. The emperor ordered his descendants to write inscriptions on copper tables, gate tablets, and Wei inscriptions. Every time he played, he was always praised for his good deeds. Xingsi wrote more than 100 volumes of emperor's records, records of emperor's virtues, notes on daily life, and official etiquette, and also wrote ten volumes of collections (Liang Shu and Liang Tang Shu Zhi). ) has been passed down to the world, but the most widely circulated and longest-lasting one is "The Thousand Character Essay".