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Classical Chinese essays on Mu Que and Che Ju

1. Classical Chinese translation: Gongshu is a magpie

Gongshu is a magpie

Original text:

Gongshu cuts bamboo and wood to make a magpie, and it becomes a magpie. Fly it and stay there for three days. Gongshu thought he was very clever. Zimozi said to Gongshu: "You are a magpie, not as good as a craftsman who is a chariot master. He has to cut three inches of wood in a moment, but he can weigh fifty stones." Therefore, the so-called merit is called skill if it is beneficial to others, and it is called clumsiness if it is not beneficial to others. Translation:

Gongshu cut bamboo wood and made it into a magpie. After it was finished, it flew into the sky and stayed there for three days. Gongshu thought it was the most exquisite machine. Mozi said to Gongshu: A magpie like you is worse than a craftsman making a cart (a pin that fixes the position of the wheel and axle and inserts into the hole at the end of the axle). He used three-inch wood and cut it in a moment, but it can carry a load. Fifty stone goods. Doing things that are beneficial to others is called skillful; doing things that are not beneficial to others is called clumsiness. 2. Gongshu cut bamboo and wood to make a magpie in classical Chinese

Original text:

Mozi made a wooden kite, which took three years to build, but the kite fell in one day. .

Gong Shuzi whittled bamboo and wood to make a magpie. When it was ready, it flew away and stayed there for three days. Gongshuzi thought it was a coincidence.

Zimozi said to Gongshuzi: "You are a magpie, not as good as Zhai, who is a chariot commander. In a moment, you can cut off three inches of wood and let it weigh fifty stones." "So the so-called cleverness is called skillful if it is beneficial to others, and it is called clumsy if it is not beneficial to others.

Translation:

Mozi made a wooden eagle. It took him three years to make it, but it broke after flying for one day.

Gongshuzi cut bamboo wood and made it into a magpie, and let it fly into the sky and never set for three days. Gongshuzi thought this was the most coincidence.

Mr. Mozi said to Gongshuzi: "A magpie like you is not as good as me making a carriage (a pin that fixes the position of the wheel and axle and inserts into the hole at the end of the axle). I use three-inch wood. It was cut in a moment, but it can carry fifty dan of goods. "So the so-called effect is called skill if it is beneficial to people, and it is called clumsiness if it is not beneficial to people. 3. The Wooden Magpie’s Autobiography

The first is that during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Mozi, the Chinese thinker at that time, made wooden birds. Records at that time said that Mozi made wooden birds (called wooden kites), and his contemporary Lu Ban also made wooden birds (called wooden magpies). These may be some of the models produced by China's early research on aviation; "Mozi Lu Wen" records a story: "Gongshu cut bamboo wood to make a magpie, and then it flew. It did not fall for three days, and Gongshu made his own bird." He thought it was a coincidence. Zi Mozi said to Gong Shuzi: "It is better for a craftsman to be a magpie than to be a chariot master (a wooden block on the axle head of a large chariot can block the wheels from falling off). He has to cut three inches of wood in a moment, and he can do it as he pleases." The weight of fifty stones. Therefore, if it is beneficial to others, it is called cleverness, and if it is not beneficial to others, it is called clumsiness." "Explanation: Lu Ban came up with his invention: a wooden magpie that can fly for three days without landing. But Mozi said: "This wooden magpie is not as good as a chariot handle that an ordinary craftsman can cut out in an instant. Once the chariot handle is installed on the axle, the cart can carry fifty stones. But what is the practical use of your magpie? Carpenter Anything that is beneficial to people is called cleverness, and anything that is not beneficial to people can only be called clumsy." After Lu Ban heard this, he understood Mozi's philosophy. Later, he devoted himself to serving the people and invented many things that were practical for the people. Wood products, known as the "Father of Carpenters" by the world. [1]

Gongshu’s son’s name was Gongshu Ban, and he was known as Lu Ban. The dispute between Lu Ban and Mozi about the merits and demerits of "Muque" and "Cheju" can be said to be a dispute between the merits and demerits of high technology and applied technology, to use modern scientific and technological terminology. Under the conditions at that time, Luban was able to make such an exquisite and complex wooden magpie that could fly for three days without setting. It was truly a "genius". Because it looks so much like a contemporary "model airplane"! In this regard, Mozi thought that it could not carry goods weighing fifty stones like the three-inch chariot, so it could not be said to be a coincidence.

Many people think that Mozi judged the "coincidence" and "misfortune" of a scientific and technological achievement from the perspective of quick success and instant benefit, which was biased. But if it weren't for Mozi's persuasion, how could Luban have created so many useful things? 4. Information about Gongshu's son being a magpie

Gongshu's being a magpie

"Mozi Lu Wen" said: Gongshu made a magpie by whittling bamboo wood and let it Flying into the sky and not setting for three days, Gongshuzi thought this was the most coincidence.

Mozi said to Gongshuzi: "A magpie like you is not as good as a craftsman making a chariot (a pin that fixes the position of the wheel and axle and inserts into the hole at the end of the axle). He used three inches of wood and cut it in a moment, but it didn't work." A cargo that can carry fifty stones. Doing things that are beneficial to others is called cleverness, and doing things that are not beneficial to others is called clumsiness.” Magical use is clever use. The reason for its clever use is that Weibo Li can be altruistic (benefiting others). The process of increasing good deeds is the process of increasing altruistic abilities, abilities, and skills. 5. Gongshuzi Xiaozhumu thought the magpie translation and translation, translated words and sentences

Translation: Mozi made a wooden eagle. It took three years to make it, but it broke after flying for one day.

Gongshuzi cut bamboo wood and made it into a magpie. It flew into the sky and did not set for three days. Gongshuzi thought it was the most coincidence. Mr. Mozi said to Gongshuzi: "A magpie like you is not as good as me making a carriage (a pin that fixes the position of the wheel and axle and inserts into the hole at the end of the axle). I used three-inch wood and cut it in a moment. But it can carry fifty kilograms of goods."

So the so-called effect is called skillful if it is beneficial to others, and clumsy if it is not beneficial to others. Words: 1. Gongshuzi: Gongshupan (ban), also known as "Gongshuban" or "Gongshuban", known among the people as Luban, with the surname Gongshu and Mingpan, a skilled craftsman from the state of Lu in the late Spring and Autumn Period.

2. Magpie: magpie. 3. Zimozi: Jimo Zhai, Zi is the honorific title.

4. Not falling: unable to fall. 5. Zhiqiao: extremely clever, very ingenious.

6. Car pins: The "pins" at both ends of the axle that fix the wheels, commonly known as "bolts". 7. A moment: a moment.

8. Liu: Tong "engraving", carving. 9. Ren: bear.

10. Stone: An ancient unit of capacity, one stone is ten buckets. 11. Gong: effect.

12. Clumsy: clumsy. 13. Zhai Zhi is responsible for the car: the wooden latch on the axle made by the carpenter. 6. Classical Chinese translation of "Riding a Car and Wearing a Li"

Riding a Car and Wearing a Li

Original text: Overcoming the vulgarity, he is straightforward and simple. When he first interacts with others, he is polite to others. He seals the earth as an altar and sacrifices chickens and dogs. Zhu said: "Although you are riding in a car, I am wearing a hat, and I will get off the car and bow to you the day after tomorrow when we meet; although I am walking and riding on a horse, I will meet you the day after tomorrow."

Translation: (in ancient times) in the Zhejiang area The common people are frank in their folk customs and simple in character. They are very polite when making friends with others for the first time. They build earth altars and kill chickens and dogs to worship. (They said to their new friends): "Although you have a carriage and I am wearing a hat, if we meet in the future (you should still) get off the car (and me) and salute each other; although I am walking and you are driving a fast horse, we will meet again later." You should dismount at this time (it is etiquette)."

() indicates the sentence elements that need to be added after the classical Chinese is translated into modern language. 7. Ask for inspiration from the short classical Chinese story + translation + in "Mozi"

"So the so-called cleverness: "Zi is a magpie, and he can finish carving three inches of wood in a short time: in ancient times, Thirty kilograms is a jun.

Magpie: Destruction, commonly known as "bolt": Eagle: "It is better for you to be a magpie than for me to be a governing tree. Defeat, let it fly after it is completed, "Gongshu Ban" or "Gongshu Ban", Lu in the late Spring and Autumn Period The craftsman of the country."

Therefore. ④It is so clever that it is called Luban among the people.

Source This article is selected from "Mozi Lu Wen", ① It was completed in three years, with four jun as one stone: Tong "engraved": the "pin" at both ends of the axle to fix the wheel, Fei was defeated in one day ②. Liu: Magpie.

The Gongshu class thinks that it is the most clever, and if it does not fall for three days, it will be the best. The chariot does not fall for three days: it is the same as "fly", which is called Qiao: it is beneficial to people. It is also called public loser (bān). It flies after it is completed. Zi is the honorific name. It breaks after flying for a day.

Notes ① Kite (yuān). ⑥Zhai (dí) is car jurisdiction (xiá): a moment.

⑤Zimozi. ⑦A moment.

Ren. Mozi said to Gongshu Ban.

Translation Mozi made a wooden eagle. To: extremely.

Zi Mozi said that Gongshuzi said ⑤, which was not conducive to others, and called it clumsy ⑧: clumsy. Gongshu Ban carved bamboo and wood and made a magpie.

Stone (dàn), the so-called cleverness, Gongshuzi thinks he is the most clever ④, carving and cutting it is not good for people, it is called clumsiness. It took three years to make it, and it took only three inches of wood to be left. Fifty stone weight ⑦: Jimo Zhai, (put it on the car) can carry the weight of fifty stone. The surname is Gongshu Mingpan: the tea latch wood on the axle made by the carpenter: to withstand, it is beneficial to people, it is called clever, a while. Gongshu cut bamboo and wood to make a magpie ③ Gongshu cut a magpie and Mozi made a wooden kite: extremely clever, not as good as Zhai's rule ⑥.

②蜚. ⑧Clumsy.

③The public loses the son.