Zhuangzi was fishing in Pushui, and the king of Chu sent the doctor and the doctor to go first, saying, "I hope I am tired in China!" " Zhuangzi ignored the pole and said, "I heard that there was a turtle in Chu State, and it was 3,000 years old when it died. The king's towel is hidden in the temple. This turtle would rather die for a bone than drag its tail alive? "
The second doctor, Yu Yue, said, "I'd rather be born."
Zhuangzi said, "Yes! I will drag my tail in the painting. "
Translation:
Zhuangzi is fishing in Puhe River. The king of Chu sent two doctors to invite him (as an official). (They say to Zhuangzi): "I want to burden your housework!" Zhuangzi didn't look back (at them) with the end of the fishing rod, saying, "I heard that there was a turtle in the State of Chu, which has been dead for 3,000 years. The king wrapped it in brocade, put it in a bamboo box and treasured it in the hall of the ancestral temple. This (god) turtle, (it is) would rather die than leave a bone for people to cherish, or would rather live and wag its tail in the mud? "
The two doctors said, "I'd rather wag my tail in the mud alive."
Zhuangzi said, "Please go back! I want to wag my tail in the mud. "
2. Classical Chinese reading answers Liu Xianchuan translated Liu Xianchuan in Ming Dynasty:
Liu Xian, a native of Nanchang, was born with a big figure and unparalleled physical strength. When he was young, his family was poor and he made a living as a helper. Catch up with the famine, he ate too much and couldn't stand hunger and pain, so he had the idea of suicide. He went to an abandoned shrine to hang himself, but he didn't want to hang himself twice in a row. They all failed because the rope and rafters were broken. Liu Xian thought there was a man of God to protect him, so he left and mourned. He hung out among a group of porters and worked as a servant. After a year, he went to Sichuan, a land of abundance, lived in a temple, and lived by working for a short time and stealing offerings from the temple. He locked the stolen offering in a big clock and it took him a long time to be found. His magical physical strength is regarded as heaven and earth. In the thirty-fourth year of Jiajing, the Miao people in Yibin, southern Sichuan, rebelled, and Governor Zhang Hao recruited soldiers to counter the rebellion. Under the persuasion of all, Liu Xian was drafted into the army. In the first battle, he took the lead in dancing two big hay cutters, personally cut down 50 or 60 people and captured three thieves. After the army advanced, the rebellion was wiped out in one fell swoop, and Liu Xian became famous from a pawn to a deputy thousand households. After that, he went to the battlefield and was promoted to company commander for seven years. His rapid promotion is rare among military commanders in past dynasties.
Reference:
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note:
Liang Shu Liu Xianchuan and heather Liu Xianchuan are unknown.
3. Reading and Answering Shen's Epitaph in Classical Chinese Since I first saw it, I was still very young, so I decided to study Maanshan Pagoda.
He and his son marry the king. They are brothers with their wives. They always follow each other at home. When I climbed Mount Wei, Zhen just came to * * *, visited Hushan and Xiqiao, and watched the seventy-two peaks of Taihu Lake win.
Jiajing twenty years, to Buju Anting. Anting is located on Wusong River, bordering Kunshan and Jiading where Shen Shi lives.
Zhen Fu is a good goodwill, and there is no empty day in words. In order to give it to the poor people in the world, Zhen Fu thinks that although there is a word of doubt, it must be tested and corrected, so it is a matter of course.
Gai Yuping lives by the river and the sea. In the past 20 years, he died of worry, turned upside down and was laughed at by the world. He was not moved by what people said, but moved with him. As for the moment of wealth and fear, everyone is afraid now, but Zhen Fu is not easy.
Hey, honey! I can't forget a word of kindness until I meet someone. Why did you get this from Zhen Fu? I can't help lamenting the loss of this virginity. Zhen Fu is a strong man and likes to dress himself up.
Introduce people who are self-sufficient and not fake. When things happen, the stiff servant has nothing to avoid.
Reading ancient books is particularly good. It is a must-see mountain, a pagoda and Lao Tzu's palace. Sweep the floor and burn incense wherever you go, and make up some books.
I heard that there are books, and I asked for them from many sources and copied them by hand, reaching hundreds of volumes. In this world, accelerating the study of imperial examinations is based on the study of ancient classics. Zhen Fu knows this from his own books, but Gaifang has existed in ancient times, but not yet.
Unfortunately, I was ill. I have been ill for several years, but I am diligent about books. I am very afraid of my ambition, but I am worried that my strength will not last, I will die of illness and I will be sad! I was in Anting, doing nothing. Every time I pass the quiet room, I sip paper, or I go to Jingri.
But Zhen Fu didn't go back. After the war, she wandered around alone, which made people feel lonely. His pawn was in July of Jiajing thirty-four years, and he was two years old.
Pathetic! Yue Ming: Heaven is almost unknown, and its ambition stops there! (Excerpted from Gui Youguang's Epitaph of Shen) 1. The correct interpretation of the words added in the following sentences is A. To the poor in the world: poverty B. Innocent but not touching: complete C. Innocence is easy: easy D. Fear of its ambition: fear 2. Among the following sentences, the group with the same meaning and usage as the added words is A.① Diligence stops at Si, and sophistry takes its pet as the background. This chastity is not enough, so we have to worry about it. ② How to go back to my parents' grave? C. I am very afraid of it, but I am worried about its failure. (2) I according to its plan, the king also luckily forgive me. His minions will not be trapped in Jiajing's prison on July 34. The same as modern Chinese is a. Marry the king and become brothers with his wife. B. Although the world is poor, Zhen Fu believes that C. As a strong man, he likes to decorate himself. D. After the war, he wandered around alone. The following analysis and understanding of this article is incorrect. A. Gui Youguang, an essayist in the late Ming Dynasty, inherited the Western Han Dynasty and started the Eastern Han Dynasty. This article and Selected Records of Ji Xiang are both concise in writing and sincere and touching in emotion.
B. Taking Shen Yu's friendship as a clue, this paper briefly describes the process of their first meeting and friendship, focusing on his life experience, behavior and knowledge. Finally, he briefly introduced the year of his death and ended with an inscription.
C. In plain narration, the article reveals Zhen Fu's personality characteristics, such as honesty and frankness, sincere friendship, contempt for the trend of the times and resistance to impetuous style of study. This is the excellence of ordinary scholars.
D. The narrative and lyricism of this article are closely combined: I am embarrassed but respected, and I have no choice but to be afraid; Fear of his ambition, worry about his strength, and even die of illness, can not but be sad; I used to sip tea paper, but now I am so lonely that I can't help sighing; Finally, praise him for his diligent study and untiring death. 5. Translate underlined sentences in classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese.
(8 points) (1) Although there is a word of doubt, there must be textual research, so it is natural to die. (3 points) Translation: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (5 points) Translation: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. What deeds does the author remember about Shen? Please list? 7. Gui Youguang's prose is simple, sincere and touching. Please take this article as an example to elaborate.
1.b (item A, "poor", embarrassed, no career; Item C, "Yi", contempt, contempt; Item d, "fear" in the text means respect) 2. C ("Qi" is an attribute and can be translated into "His"; Item A is "in", "in" and "in"; Item b, that is, abolish the independence of subject-predicate phrases and general structural auxiliary words; Item d is "in" and "because") 3. D (item a is "brothers", which was unisex in ancient times. In this article, it means "sister", and the author and Zhen Fu are brother-in-law; Item b "believe" means "believe me" in the text; Item C "Decoration" refers to the instrument decoration and moral cultivation in this article; Item d "bingxu", synonymous with ancient and modern times) 4. B ("It is wrong to focus on the life experience", but the article focuses on Shen's attitude of being a man and learning, and basically does not introduce his life experience) 5. (1) Even if there is a word in doubt, you must come to me for revision, and finally think that my word is ("although" is 1, "Guo" is 1, "single" and "ran" * *1,and if it is wrong, you won't score). Why should I take it from Zhen Fu? ("Encounter" 1 min; A good word 1 point; "Why", translated into prepositional object, 1 minute; Yu Zhen Fu should be moved forward in translation, 1 min; "Get this" means translating what "this" means. 1 min) 6. (1) Zhen Fu still asked me for advice when his official career was not smooth; No matter what my occupation is, Zhen Fu hasn't changed her opinion of me. (3) Zhen Fu is eager to learn, and she writes books when she is ill.
(every sentence 1 minute, the general idea is correct. ***3 points) 7. Gui Youguang expressed his grief over Shen Yingnian's untimely death by recalling three small things: he was respected by Shen in the chaos, and there was gratitude between the lines. Now he has lost his bosom friend, which is a great pain in life; Not only worried about Shen's academic spirit, but also worried about his health, Shen finally died of fatigue, which was distressing; In the past, we had close contacts, traveled together for fun and learned from each other. Now it's just us.
4. Chen Zhongju Li Xian Classical Chinese Reading Answer Original: Chen Zhongju's word is a scholar, his behavior is an example, he takes the lead in getting on the bus, and he has the ambition to clarify the world. When he arrived, he asked where Xu Ruzi was and wanted to have a look first. Lord Shu Bai: "The prince of the group of people enters the temple first." Chen Yue said, "With the business style of a soldier king, this table is not enthusiastic. My courtesy, why not! "
Chen Zhongju's speech is an example for scholars, and his behavior is the norm in the world.
When he took office as an official, he had the ambition to innovate politics. When he became the magistrate of Zhang Yu, he asked Xu Ruzi where he was as soon as he arrived. He had to go and see him first. The main book told me, "what everyone means is that I hope you will go to the official first." He said, "After Zhou Wuwang won the world, he didn't just sit back and wait. He first went to the residence of Saint Shang Rong to pay tribute. I respect saints and don't go into the bureaucracy. Why not? "
Chen Zhongju is a person who actively participates in the filial piety of the lower class, which is ignored by Chen Taishou.
5. Reading classical Chinese, Chen Dengyun, word Conglong, Tangshan Chen Dengyun full-text translation:
Chen Dengyun is from Tangshan, and his name is Conglong. In the fifth year of Wanli (1577), he was a scholar and served as the order of Yanling County. Best political achievements, promoted to suggestion. Liaodong elaborated ten countermeasures to stabilize the border, and requested to speed up the system of rewarding the first meritorious service. Later, it was changed to the governor of Shanxi.
After returning to Beijing, it happened that courtiers were arguing over the establishment of the Chu army. Chen Dengyun thought that the discussion was delayed because the imperial concubine's family was playing tricks in the dark. In the 16th year of Wanli (1588), Zheng Chengxian, the father of the imperial concubine, was impeached for the disaster in June, saying, "Zheng Chengxian has ulterior motives and covets Chu Jun. He communicates with eunuchs every day, discusses countermeasures and makes friends with villagers, warlocks, Taoist priests and monks. At the beginning, your majesty severely punished the impostor in the imperial examination hall. Zheng Chengxian's wife often threatened to expose things herself to intimidate Xun Gui and confuse court officials with clever words. Not only Huian was calculated by them, but even Zhonggong and the Empress Dowager's family carefully avoided their sharp edges. Your majesty's long-term rule of the country is the result of Zheng Hui, and Zheng Chengxian always tells people that it is the result of not having a prince. Interference with the ceremony has been planned for a long time. What can he not do in the future? Do not inspire the platform, just make a decision. Otherwise, even if you don't play music in the court, put on white clothes and stop the punishment, I am afraid that God will not agree, and the sky will become irresistible. " The imperial concubine and Zheng Chengxian lost their temper when they went to Shanghai. Colleagues also thought that Chen Dengyun was dangerous, but the emperor left Shanghai.
After many years, he impeached Liu Guangzu, the official department minister, Feng, the Sichuan assistant minister, Li Lai, the governor of Yingtian, Wang Zhixiang, Han, the official department minister Luo, and Nanjing Taifu. All the officials in the imperial court were afraid of him. At that time, it was just the time for the exam, so Chen Dengyun said to me: "Recently, the suggestion was afraid of * * * before noon, and he became gentle; After noon, honest people become flattering. Is there no upright person in the meantime, but they are invincible and have no place to live? In the past twenty years, only one or two people have been promoted to upright Beijing officials. Behind the emperor's back, cultivating henchmen and begging for mercy, such as the so-called' seven jackals' and' eight dogs', accounted for half of the suggestions. Taiwan Province's remonstrance is to uphold justice for the world, and people have been trampled to this extent. How can we expect him to do things honestly and get rid of traitors and scum for the country? Instead of shrinking because of misuse, it is better to examine the candidates carefully. " Therefore, the Chen Shu incident is dedicated to the emperor.
Working as a patrolman in Henan. There was a great famine that year, and people ate each other. Cui Yinglin, an agreement, saw people eating wild goose excrement in the lake, so he presented it to Chen Dengyun, and Chen Dengyun sent it to the court. The emperor immediately sent Cheng Sizhong and Huamin to distribute treasury silver to help the people. Chen Dengyun visited three places and held power strictly. According to the regulations, he should be promoted to Beijing official, but he was repeatedly detained by the palace, so he claimed to be ill and went home. He died soon after.
6. Yin's classical Chinese reading comprehension answer translation.
During the reign of Emperor Wudong in the Ming Dynasty, Yin (Shouzhang, whose name is Jin Fu) was appointed as the magistrate of Qingjiang County. Zhu Kai, a county citizen, died in the West Gallery of the Confucian Temple. I don't know who the murderer is, but an anonymous letter said, "Someone killed Zhu Kai." Someone had a feud with Zhu Kai, and everyone thought it might be him. Yin said: "This is an investigation in which the real murderer framed others and misled us. Who is closely related to Zhu Kai's neighbors? " They all replied, "Yao is an official." Yin summoned all the subordinate officials of the imperial court and said, "I need someone who can write well and submit your own words." Among officials, Yao Ming's handwriting is the most like that of an anonymous letter. Yin asked him, "Why did you kill Zhu Kai?" Yao Ming was startled and had to confess, "Zhu Kai is going to Suzhou for business. I killed him because I was greedy for his property. "
To annotate ...
(1) Slow processing: delay in solving the case.
2: close.
7. The word "Pound" is very clear about the extracurricular reading of classical Chinese and the answers, and so is the leader of Nan 'an.
Four people, who were engaged in,,,,,, and gifted generals for county officials, became princes in Guanzhong, each with hundreds of households. I will be brave and fatherly, and I will be the first lieutenant general and general.
Note translation: Pound's Biography of Pound makes it clear that people in Nan 'an County are Taoist priests. When I was young, I worked as a county official and a state official.
In the early years of Pingnian, the Qiang and Miao people who followed Marten in their crusade against rebellion repeatedly made meritorious deeds and gradually rose to the rank of captain. During the Jian 'an period, Cao Cao conquered Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang in Liyang.
Yuan Tan sent Guoyuan, Gao Qian and others to plunder Hedong County, and Cao Cao ordered Zhong You to lead the people in Guanzhong to crusade. Ezra Pound and Ma Teng's son Ma Chao fought Guoyuan and Gao Qian in Pingyang. Ezra Pound took the lead in attacking Guoyuan and Gao Qian and won a great victory. He personally beheaded Guoyuan.
He was appointed commander of the Legion and was appointed as the capital of Hou Ting. Later, Zhang Bai launched a rebellion in hongnong county, and Pound followed Marten to the east again, crushing the enemy between two mountains.
Every time he went out, Pound always captured the enemy's defense lines and beat back the enemy. He is the bravest in Marten's army. Later, Marten served as the guard, and Pound stayed under Ma Chao.
Cao Cao defeated Ma Chao in Weinan, and Pound fled to Hanyang County with Ma Chao and was stationed in Ji Cheng. Later, Ma Chao and I ran to Hanzhong and went to Zhang Lu.
Cao Cao pacified Hanzhong, and Pound led his troops to surrender. Cao Cao had long heard that Pound was brave, appointed him General Yi Li, and built a closed pavilion for him, with 300 restaurants.
Hou Yin, Kai Wei and others occupied Wancheng and rebelled. Pound led his men and Coss to seize Wancheng, beheaded Hou Yin and Wei Kai, and then stationed in Fancheng to crusade against Guan Yu. Fancheng's generals suspected Pound because his younger brother was in the Shu army in Hanzhong.
Pound often said, "I owe my country, and I will die for it." I will personally attack Guan Yu. If I don't kill Guan Yu in the future, Guan Yu should kill me "
Later, he personally fought Guan Yu and shot Guan Yu in the forehead. At that time, Pound always rode a white horse. Guan Yu's soldiers called him General White Horse, and they were all afraid of him.
Coss asked Pound to camp ten miles north of Fancheng, and it rained for more than ten days. The Hanshui River overflows, and Fancheng is five or six feet deep. Pound and others sheltered from the water on the levee, and Guan Yu came to attack by boat, with bows and arrows on all sides. Pound armed himself with a bow, and the arrow was not empty.
General Dong Heng, subordinate general Dong Chao and others tried to surrender, and Pound executed them. From the early morning until noon, Guan Yu attacked more urgently, and all the arrows were used up, which was close to a scuffle.
Pound said to Commander He Cheng, "I heard that a good general is not afraid of death, he will drag out an ignoble existence, and a martyr will not ruin his life. Today is the day when I die. "
More angrily into the battle, the courage is getting stronger and stronger, but the potential is getting bigger and bigger, and the soldiers have surrendered. Pound, one of his generals and two captains bowed and returned to Cao Renying by boat.
Because the boat capsized and the bow and arrow were lost, Pound held the boat in the water and was captured by Guan Yu. Pound stopped, and Guan Yu said to him, "Your brother is in Hanzhong. I want to use you as a general. Why not surrender earlier? " Pound scolded Guan Yu and said, "What do you mean, boy, surrender? Wang Wei led millions of soldiers and shocked the world.
You, Liu Bei, are just a mediocre man. How can you fight against Wang Wei? I'd rather be conquered people than a thief. "So he was killed by Guan Yu.
Cao Cao was very sad when he heard about it. He wept for his own death and named his two sons Liehou. King xelloss sent messengers to Pound's mausoleum to see posthumous title off.
The next imperial edict said, "Once upon a time, Xian Zhen died for his country, and the young king died of hunger strike and martyrdom. The previous generation praised them. Pound was brave and resolute, and made a name for himself when he got into trouble. People praised him at that time, and his benevolence and righteousness were very noble at that time. I miss him and give him a strong posthumous title. "
He also gave his son, Pang Hui, and other four people the title of Houguan, each with a hundred food cities. Pang Hui is brave and strong, and has his father's style. He became a lieutenant general and was made a liehou.
8. Analysis of the classical Chinese "Biography of Ji Zun", Ji Zun, born in Angelababy in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
In 24 AD, Liu Xiu attacked Angelababy, and Ji Zun went to find him, and was accepted as a doorman by Liu Xiu. Later, he moved to Hebei with the army and became a law enforcement officer in the army, responsible for the decrees of the military camp.
During his tenure, he strictly enforced the law and was praised by everyone regardless of personal feelings. On one occasion, a waiter around Liu Xiu committed a crime. When Ji Zun found out the truth, he executed the waiter according to law.
Liu Xiu was very angry when she learned about it. He thinks that Ji Zun dares to punish the people around him and wants to punish Ji Zun. But immediately someone came to remonstrate with Liu Xiu and said, "Strict military orders are the king's requirements. Now, Ji Zun adheres to the law and is doing the right thing.
Only when his words and deeds are consistent can he command the three armed forces with prestige. "Liu Xiu listened to feel right.
Later, instead of being punished, he was named General Lu and Hou. Ji Zun is honest, upright, cautious and self-denial. He often gets Liu Xiu's awards, but he gives all these awards to his people.
He lives a very frugal life and has little private property at home. Even when arranging the funeral, he still told his people not to waste money, as long as they carried their bodies and coffins with cows and dragged them to Luoyang for a hasty burial.
9. Reading and translation of classical Chinese: Zhao Yun Zi Long, Chang Shan Zhao Yun Zi Long, Chang Shan calm people.
Originally following Gongsun Zan, Gongsun Zan sent Liu Bei to save Tian Ji and resist Yuan Shao's army. Zhao Yun followed Liu Bei and became the military commander in charge of the cavalry. When Liu Bei abandoned his wife and children in Changban and fled to the south, Zhao Yun embraced a young child. The late one protected the late Lord's mother, Mrs. Gan, from being killed, and was promoted to the yamen general.
Liu Bei went to Shu and Zhao Yun stayed in Jingzhou. Liu Bei came back from Guan to attack Liu Zhang and called Zhuge Liang.
Zhuge Liang led Zhao Yun, Zhang Fei and others to the western expedition along the river to pacify the counties. When he arrived in Jiangzhou, he sent Zhao to Jiangyang from outside to join forces with Zhuge Liang in Chengdu.
After Chengdu was pacified, Zhao Yun was appointed as a general of the Yi army. In the first year of lite, Bao Zhongjun and General Zhengnan were appointed as Yongchang Hou Ting and promoted to General Town East.
In the fifth year of lite, Zhao Yun followed Zhuge Liang into Hanzhong. In the second year, Zhuge Liang sent his troops, claiming that he would March through Gu Jie Road, and Cao Zhen sent troops to resist.
Zhuge Liang ordered Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi to resist Cao Zhen and attack Qishan by themselves. Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi's army is weak, while the enemy's army is strong. They lost in the battle of Ji Gu, so they took back their troops and persisted, which did not lead to complete failure.
After the army retreated, Zhao Yun was demoted to general of the town army. Lite seven years, Zhao Yun died, posthumous title Shunping Hou.
Before Liu Bei became emperor, only Fa Zheng was killed. When Liu Chan died, because Zhuge Liang was the best in the world, Jiang Wan and Fei Yi shouldered the heavy responsibility of the country and won posthumous title.
Chen You was favored and honored by the emperor. Xia Houba surrendered to Wei, so he also got posthumous title. So Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Ma Chao, Pang Tong, Huang Zhong and Zhao Yun were also hunted down. At that time, people thought it was a great honor.
Zhao Tong, Zhao Yun's son, inherited the title, reaching the rank of warrior corps commander and commanding the governor. The second son, Zhao Guang, was appointed as the tooth guard, followed Jiang Wei to the stack and died on the battlefield.
10. Classical Chinese reading 1: Qin/He Zi Dong Huan
Question 1: (1) Do or serve (2) Catastrophic (3) Fair.
Question 1: I didn't know there were laws in the world until now! (only answer the general idea)
Question 1: Bullying the weak, robbing other people's property and children have become the scourge of the people.
Question 1: The imperial court trembled, held its breath, and did not pick up the road.
Small problem 1: detest evil as hatred, enforce the law like a mountain, be resolute and vigorous, etc.
1 Question: This question examines the pause in reading sentences. Generally speaking, the principle of structure and meaning can be adhered to in dividing the reading pause of sentences.
1 Question: This question examines students' ability to understand content words in classical Chinese, and it is enough to understand the meaning in a specific context, and sometimes they will pay attention to the special usage of words.
Question 1: This question examines students' ability to translate classical Chinese. It is required to have the ability to implement keywords, not to omit them, but also to be coherent with the context, and sometimes to make up for the missing subjects, and at the same time to seize the keywords.
Question 1: This question examines the ability to understand the content of the article. Combined with the content of the article, this paper analyzes the reasons why Wang Meng severely punishes the moral strong. (2 points, as long as it meets the meaning of the question, the sentence will be fluent)
Question 1: This question examines the ability to understand the content of the article. It can be analyzed by combining Wang Meng's description of severely punishing illegal officials. (2 points, 65438+ 0 point for one answer, full marks for two answers)
1 Question: This question examines the ability to analyze characters. The evaluation should deduct the personality characteristics of the characters, as long as it conforms to the meaning of the question and the sentences are fluent.