Original text: Wei Yang died in Wei and entered Qin, and filial piety was regarded as the phase, and he was sealed to Shang, nicknamed Shang Jun. Shang Jun ruled the Qin Dynasty, and the laws and regulations were carried out, fair and selfless, and the punishment was outspoken and powerful, and the reward was not personal, and the law was as good as the prince's. After the end of the year, the Tao will not be picked up, the people will not take it in vain, the soldiers will be strong and the princes will be afraid. However, I am deeply grateful, and I am especially convinced. After eight years of filial piety, he was ill and couldn't afford it. He wanted to preach to Shang Jun, but he refused to resign. ..... Shang Jun returned, Hui Wang split the car, but Qin people did not pity.
Translation:
Wei Yang fled from the State of Wei to the State of Qin, and Qin Xiaogong appointed him as the prime minister, giving him the business land, which he called "Shang Jun". Shang Jun ruled the State of Qin, and the laws and regulations were vigorous, fair and selfless. Punish, do not avoid powerful nobles; Reward, not favoritism, special cronies, the implementation of the law as for the prince, according to the law. Teacher and Fu broke the law, and were sentenced to the punishment of "Fu" and "Mo". After a week, no one picked up the lost things on the road, and the people did not take the property that was not right. The national strength was greatly strengthened, and all the governors were afraid. However, the punishment is harsh, lacking in kindness, and it is only to subdue people with strength.
After eighteen years of implementing the new law of Shang Jun, Xiao Gong was seriously ill and bedridden, and planned to abdicate to Shang Jun, but Shang Jun politely decline did not accept it.
After the death of Xiao Gong, Hui Wang succeeded to the throne, and soon after he came to power, Shang Jun requested to retire and return to his hometown. Someone lobbied Hui Wang, saying, "Too much power of ministers will endanger the country, and too close to the ministers will endanger themselves. At present, even women and children in China say that the law is the law of the Shang king, not the law of the king. In this way, the monarch becomes the master, and the king becomes the minister. Besides, Shang Jun is the enemy of the King. I hope the King will find a way to deal with him. "
Shang Jun was afraid of being punished and wanted to return to Wei. Qin people forbade him to leave the country, saying, "Shang Jun's laws are very strict." Therefore, he could not leave the country, so he had no choice but to return. King Hui executed Shang Yang with the capital punishment of Che Cha, but the Qin people did not show sympathy. 2. Translation of Classical Chinese
When he was young, Sun Yang liked the study of criminal names and spells, and served the uncle of Wei Guo as an ordinary son.
Your uncle knows his talent, and he hasn't had time to recommend it to Wang Wei. Just as my uncle was ill, Wei Huiwang went to see him personally and said, "What will the country do if anything happens to your illness?" The uncle replied, "My middle-aged son, Gongsun Yang, is young, but he is a wizard. I hope the king can hand over all the state affairs to him and let him govern."
Wei Huiwang was silent after hearing this. When Wei Huiwang was about to leave, his uncle withdrew from the left and right attendants and said, "If your majesty doesn't appoint Sun Yang, he must be killed and don't let him go abroad."
Wang Wei agreed to his request and left. The uncle called Gongsun Yang and apologized, saying, "Just now, your Majesty asked who can be the national minister, and I recommended you.
It seems that the King will not agree with my suggestion. I should be loyal to the king before considering the position of the minister, so I advise the king that if he doesn't appoint Sun Yang, he should be killed.
Your Majesty agreed to my request. Please leave quickly, or you will be captured soon. "
gongsunyang said, "since your majesty can't listen to you and appoint me, how can he listen to you and kill me?" Finally did not leave Wei. The full text translation is here: /view/13516. 3. Translation of Shang Yang's ancient prose
Wei Yang fled from Wei to Qin, and Qin Xiaogong appointed him as the prime minister, giving him the business land, so-called "Shang Jun". Shang Jun ruled the State of Qin, and the laws and regulations were vigorous, fair and selfless. Punish, do not avoid powerful nobles; Reward, not favoritism, special cronies, the implementation of the law as for the prince, according to the law. Teacher and Fu broke the law, and were sentenced to the punishment of "Fu" and "Mo". After a week, no one picked up the lost things on the road, and the people did not take the property that was not right. The national strength was greatly strengthened, and all the governors were afraid. However, the punishment is harsh, lacking in kindness, and it is only to subdue people with strength.
After eighteen years of implementing the new law of Shang Jun, Xiao Gong was seriously ill and bedridden, and planned to abdicate to Shang Jun, but Shang Jun politely decline did not accept it.
After the death of Xiao Gong, Hui Wang succeeded to the throne, and soon after he came to power, Shang Jun requested to retire and return to his hometown. Someone lobbied Hui Wang, saying, "Too much power of ministers will endanger the country, and too close to the ministers will endanger themselves. At present, even women and children in China say that the law is the law of the Shang king, not the law of the king. In this way, the monarch becomes the master, and the king becomes the minister. Besides, Shang Jun is the enemy of the King. I hope the King will find a way to deal with him. "
Shang Jun was afraid of being punished and wanted to return to Wei. Qin people forbade him to leave the country, saying, "Shang Jun's laws are very strict." Therefore, he could not leave the country, so he had no choice but to return. King Hui executed Shang Yang with the capital punishment of Che Li, but the Qin people did not show sympathy. 4. Translation of Shang Yang's Reform in Classical Chinese
I hope it will help you: The original filial piety used Wei Yang, who wanted to reform, fearing that the world would discuss himself.
the decree has been made, but it has not been made, which is to fear the disbelief of the people. It is to set up a tree in the south gate of the national city, and to raise ten gold for those who can relocate to the north gate. People blame it, don't dare to migrate.
Answer: "Fifty gold for those who can migrate!" There is a person who migrates to it, and he needs to pay fifty gold to make it clear that he will not deceive. The pawn ordered.
-Excerpted from the translation of Historical Records Volume 68 Biography of Shang Jun, Xiao Gong has appointed Wei Yang, who wants to implement the policy of reform to strengthen the country, lest the world criticize him. The law has been completed, but it has not been published. (Shang Yang) I am afraid that the people will not trust me, so I set up a 3-foot-long wooden pole at the south gate of Guodu Market, and recruited people to give ten gold if they can move to the north gate.
The people were surprised, and no one dared to move the wooden pole. Then he announced the order: "Anyone who can move there will be given 5 ounces of gold."
a man moved a wooden pole to the north gate and immediately gave him fifty ounces of gold to show that there was no fraud. At last, the law was promulgated. 5. Translation of Ancient Chinese by Shang Yang Lixin
Original text
Shang Yang's order (7) has not been distributed, for fear that (2) the people will not believe in themselves, but (3) the tree of three feet will be erected in the south gate of the capital city, and (4) the people who can relocate to the north gate will be given ten gold (8). People blame it, don't dare to migrate. He replied, "Those who can migrate will be given fifty gold." There is a person who migrates to it, and he needs to pay fifty gold to make it clear that he will not deceive. The pawn [6] gave the order. In the year of the order, the capital of Qin people said that the new order was inconvenient to thousands. So the prince broke the law. Wei Yang said, "If the law doesn't work, you should commit it from above. Prince, your heir is also not allowed to be punished. Punish his son Fu Gongzi, and punish his teacher Gong Sunjia. " Tomorrow, the Qin people are all eager to order. After ten years of travel, the state of Qin did not pick up the remains, there were no thieves in the mountains, the people were brave in public war, and they were afraid of private fighting. If Qin Min's words are inconvenient at first, they will be convenient when they come. Wei Yang said, "This is a people who violate the law!" Move to the edge. Later, the people dare not discuss the order. (Selected from Historical Records Biography of Shang Jun)
Translation
The regulations of Shang Yang's political reform have been prepared, but they haven't been published yet. Worried that the people don't believe in themselves, they (ordered) to place a three-foot-high wood in front of the south gate of the capital city, recruit people who can (can) move to the north gate and give them twelve taels of gold. The people were surprised when they saw this, and no one dared to move the wood. (Shang Yang) also said, "Those who can move wood will be rewarded with fifty taels of gold." A man who moved wood gave him fifty taels of gold to show that he had not deceived (the people). Finally, the law was promulgated. One year after the promulgation of the reform law, the people of Qin went to the capital to complain that the new law had caused thousands of inconvenience to the people. At this time, the prince also violated the law. Sun Yang said, "The new law cannot be implemented smoothly because the upper class took the lead in violating it. The prince is the heir of the monarch, so he can't be punished, so he executed his teacher Gongzi piously and tattooed another teacher, Gongsunjia, as a punishment. " The next day, when the people of Qin heard about it, they all obeyed the law. Ten years after the implementation of the new law, there was a peaceful scene in the state of Qin, where there were no roads to pick up and no thieves in the mountains. The people were brave enough to fight for the country and dared not fight privately again, and the rural towns were all governed. At this time, some of those who said that the new law was inconvenient came to say that the new law was good. Gong Sunyang said, "These people are unruly people who violate the law!" Expel them all to the frontier. Since then, the people dare not talk about the right and wrong of the law.
note
(1) equipment: complete; (2) fear: I'm afraid; (3) worry: so (4) offer: solicit [5] buy: arrive [6] pawn: final [6] order: refer to the order of political reform [8] gold: ancient monetary unit (9) namely: already (1) moved: moved (11). Ten gold is two hundred and twenty, and fifty gold is one thousand and twenty.) 6. Original translation of Shang Yang's political reform
Original translation: Shang Yang's political reform order has been made, but it has not been distributed, fearing that the people will not believe in themselves. It is a tree that stands in the south gate of the national city, and the people can be relocated to the north to give ten gold du.
if people blame them, they dare not migrate. He replied, "Those who can migrate will be given fifty gold."
if someone emigrates, he needs to pay 5 gold to show that he is not cheating. The pawn ordered that the order be carried out by the people.
The decree of Shang Yang's political reform has been prepared, but it has not been published. He was worried that Baizhi's surname didn't believe him, so he erected a 3-foot-high wood outside the south gate of Guodu Market. dao announced: Whoever can move this wood to the north gate of the market will be given ten gold.
The people were surprised, but no one dared to move it. Shang Yang also showed the notice and said, "Give him fifty gold if you can move it."
A man had the courage to move the wood to the north gate of the market, and Shang Yang immediately ordered him to give him fifty gold to show that he kept his word. Then Shang Yang ordered the political reform, and the new law was soon implemented throughout the country. 7. The key translation of classical Chinese Shang Yang's standing on a tree to win the trust
Original text
Order ① has been made, but it has not been distributed, fearing people's disbelief. It is to stand on the south gate of the national city, and to raise people who can relocate to the north gate to give ten gold ②. People blame it, don't dare to migrate. He replied, "Fifty gold for those who can migrate!" There is a person who migrates to it and needs to pay fifty gold. To be clear and not to bully. The pawn ordered. After ten years' travel, the state of Qin did not pick up the remains, there were no thieves in the mountains, the family was self-sufficient, the people were brave in public battles, and afraid to fight privately. The regulations of Shang Yang's political reform were complete and had not been published. Shang Yang was worried that the people did not believe in himself, so he set up a three-foot-high wood at the south gate of the capital market, recruited people who could move it to the north gate, and gave him ten gold. The people thought it strange that no one dared to move the wood. Shang Yang added, "Whoever can move will give him fifty gold." A man moved the wood, and Shang Yang gave him fifty gold. In this way, he showed that he did not deceive the people. Finally, Shang Yang announced the law.
One year after the promulgation of the change law, the people of Qin went to the capital to complain that the new law had caused thousands of inconvenience to the people. At this time, the prince also violated the law. Sun Yang said, "The new law cannot be implemented smoothly because the upper class took the lead in violating it. The prince is the heir of the monarch, so he can't be punished, so he executed his teacher Gongzi piously and tattooed another teacher, Gongsunjia, as a punishment. " The next day, when the people of Qin heard about it, they all obeyed the law. Ten years after the implementation of the new law, there was a peaceful scene in the state of Qin, where there were no roads to pick up and no thieves in the mountains. The people were brave enough to fight for the country and dared not fight privately again, and the rural towns were all governed. At this time, some of those who said that the new law was inconvenient came to say that the new law was good. Gong Sunyang said, "These people are unruly people who violate the law!" Expel them all to the frontier. Since then, the people dare not talk about the right and wrong of the law.
analysis
the word is ambiguous: ju: ready
flexible use of parts of speech: strange (gesticulating) feels strange
Special sentence pattern: it stands at the south gate of the national city (after the introduction of the object)
[editing this paragraph] Note
① Order: refers to the order made by Shang Yang for Qin Xiaogong to change the statutes.
② ten gold: twenty-two is one gold, that is, one yi. Ten gold is 2 taels.
③ Wei Yang: a native of Wei, surnamed Gong Sun, named Yang. Later, it was also called Shang Yang because it was granted fifteen cities. He carried out political reform, which made Qin rich and powerful, and he was a famous politician.
④ Fu: Master, refers to the official who assists in the responsibility or the person in charge of teaching. Here refers to the master, an old man who nursed and counseled aristocratic children in ancient times.
⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ 931
⑥ follow orders: submit and obey orders.
⑦ junsi: heir.
⑧ year: one year.
pet-name ruby tomorrow: the next day.
Some people
migrated and moved
to show that they didn't cheat the people. 8. Shang Yang ruled the Qin Dynasty. Translation
1. Translation:
Shang Yang escaped from Wei State and entered Qin State. Qin Xiaogong made him the prime minister and gave him the business land, which was called Shang Jun. When Shang Jun governed the State of Qin, the laws and regulations were implemented as soon as they arrived, and they were fair and selfless. When punishing, do not shy away from powerful people; Don't be partial to your cronies when rewarding your merits.
The prince broke the law by tattooing words on his teacher's face and cutting off his nose. A year later, no one picked up what others left on the road, and no one dared to (arbitrarily) seek improper property. Weapons and equipment have been greatly enhanced, and other countries are afraid of it. But he is unkind to the people and shows little kindness. He just uses tough methods to make people obey him.
2. Original text:
When Gong Sunyang died in Wei and entered Qin, Xiao Gong thought it was a phase and sealed it to Shang, which was called Shang Jun. Shang Jun ruled the Qin Dynasty, and the laws and regulations were carried out, fair and selfless, and the punishment was outspoken and powerful, and the reward was not personal, and the law was as good as the prince's. After the end of the year, the Tao will not be picked up, the people will not take it in vain, the soldiers will be strong and the princes will be afraid. However, I am deeply grateful, and I am especially convinced.
Extended information:
First, the story background
The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period were the transitional period when the feudal system collapsed and the centralized system was established. During this period, the use of iron farm tools and the gradual popularization of Niu Geng led to the original state-owned land ownership being gradually replaced by private land ownership, and two opposing classes of landlords and peasants emerged.
With the growth of economic strength, the emerging military landlords demanded corresponding political rights, which caused changes in social order. Therefore, there are demands for political reform, the development of feudal economy and the establishment of landlord class rule. Countries have set off political reform movements, such as the Li Kui Reform of Wei State and the Wuqi Reform of Chu State.
in the early warring States period, the collapse of the well-field system, the emergence of private ownership of land and the tax reform in the state of Qin were all later than those in the other six countries, and the social and economic development lagged behind the six big countries of qi, Chu, Yan, Zhao, Wei and Korea. In order to enhance the strength of Qin State, to be in a favorable position in the hegemony of vassal States and not to be annexed by other countries, Qin Xiaogong introduced talents and made efforts to reform the country.
Second, appreciation of the source:
The book Warring States Policy reflects the social features of the Warring States Period, when the intellectual spirit was not only a historical work, but also a very good historical prose. As a historical material reflecting the history of the Warring States, it objectively recorded some major historical events at that time and was a vivid portrayal of the history of the Warring States.
It recorded in detail the speeches and deeds of strategists at that time, showed their spiritual outlook and ideological talents, and also recorded the life style of some brave people.
The literary achievement of Warring States Policy is also outstanding. In the history of China literature, it marks a new period of the development of China's ancient prose, with outstanding literariness, especially in the portrayal of characters.
The use of language and characters, fables and other aspects have very distinctive artistic characteristics.