Hu Shi is busy for his country, his eldest son Sizu is always around, and his children are always around Jiang Dongxiu, but most parents love the youngest child, and so is Hu Shi. In the preserved letters from Hu Shi to Hu Sidu, there are many words from his father, and almost every letter contains what he urged his son to write to himself.
Hu Shi "saw mistress walking a little swaggering", so he quickly told his wife to "tell him to pay attention to himself and not to develop this ugly appearance" and asked her to give more money to her children. "The money for books is worth spending." But he is not doting, he is for the all-round development of his son:
Don't just read old books, study English hard; I hope you study hard. Maybe I can take you to school. Study English hard. Take care of yourself; You are interested in social science. I don't think foreign universities are necessarily better than Tsinghua Peking University in social sciences. So I advise you to go to Kunming early this summer, and prepare for the entrance examination of Tsinghua Peking University with your uncle (mathematician Jiang Zehan) ... But Stu didn't go to The National SouthWest Associated University, and later he also went to the United States to study. The fourth ancestor is studying in America, and his younger brother wants to come. As a father, Hu Shi did his best to make cattle and horses for them. "The eldest son is now in college, one year 1200 dollars. If I leave next year, I have to find a way to go to a place where money is used, teach for one year, and earn tuition for my eldest son for two years. " The other is to minimize expenses and let Stu go to the central part of the United States where the living standard is low.
When Hu Sidu was a teenager, he fell ill with lung disease and dropped out of school. Therefore, Hu Shi specially asked his two brothers for counseling. One of them is a mentor, a disciple of Hu Shi, and Luo Ergang, who later became a famous historian.
Raul has just worked as a primary school teacher. He is good at dealing with children. He taught the two brothers well, but the other teachers will leave soon. Luo Ergang has been teaching for five years, so he knows the Hu family better. In Luo Ergang's "Comments on Hu Shi" in his later years, a chapter mentioned Hu Sidu, saying that he had progressive thoughts, was patriotic and loved Lu Xun since he was a child. This is his intention to defend Hu Sidu and his political intentions. At that time, Hu Sidu was still a child, so he couldn't have such rich thoughts. His behavior is due to his lively nature. Hu Sidu's cousin Hu Hengli recalled that when he was a teenager, he said that his face was round, extremely lively and humorous, and he was often humorous, which was everyone's pistachio.
Hu Sidu is not very good at reading. "Make friends and have fun." After the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, Hu Shi went to the United States as ambassador to the United States, and Hu Zuwang went to the United States to study at Cornell University, Hu Shi's alma mater, on 1939. With his mother taking refuge in Shanghai, Hu Shi entrusted a friend named Zhu to take care of him. 10.9, 1940, 165438, this friend surnamed Zhu wrote to Hu Shi: "Xiao er is studying here, and he has little introduction, so he is afraid of catching the bad habits of Shanghai youth. Please pay attention quickly. "
Hu Shi degenerated in Shanghai for some time when he was young. He was afraid that his youngest son would follow in his footsteps, so he arranged to go to the United States for four times in May of 194 1 2008 to attend the mission school Haibufu College. Hu Sidu stayed in the United States until the summer of 1948. According to Luo ergang, the reason why he returned to China was that he got into the bad habit of eating and drinking in the United States and was expelled from school. Hu Shi was a little annoyed with this son at that time, so after Hu Sidu returned to China, many of his friends introduced him to work, which was rejected by Hu Shi on the grounds of incompetence. Later, Hu Shi arranged for him to work in the library of Peking University, which also contained the intention of asking him to read more and study more.
Hu Shi's family education is quite open. You should be an upright person, not my dutiful son. This "integrity" is not only the independence of his personality, but also the individualism he learned from America, including his complete autonomy in life, thought and career choice. Therefore, when choosing a job, the fourth ancestor studied aviation machinery, and the fourth one studied social science, and Hu Shi did not intervene.
Growing up in such a family, Hu Shi's two sons knew manners and lived frugally since childhood. Mr Luo ergang was Hu Sidu's mentor. In his eyes, Stu is a very excellent teenager: in words and manners, he is like family to the old nanny Yang Ma and the second boy who works in his house, and has no shelf of rich people at all; In terms of talent, I can finish reading Water Margin in two days and sing Hao's play well. On ideological consciousness, he "shouted the slogan of overthrowing imperialism" and "distinguished right from wrong" in his early years.
After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Hu Sidu returned to China. It is said that he was deported from America. Fu Sinian later read Hu Sidu's article criticizing his father, and issued a statement in a rage, saying: "Because I was out of school, I formed the habit of not reading, and I was not interested in reading, which also had psychological influence. However, as far as I know, he is mellow by nature. Later, during his stay in the United States, Mr. Yizhi went to study in the United States and never graduated from two universities in a row. Mr. Yizhi developed the habit of eating and drinking after returning to China, so he was sent back to China by American friends in the summer of 1948. " Peter said that after returning to China, Hu Sidu was arranged by his father to work in Beiping Library, which was a place to study. He really buried himself in his studies. A few years later, Hu Shi, president of Peking University, fled with the Kuomintang, and he left Stuart in a hurry (saying that Stuart insisted on staying and fighting for liberation).
1948 65438+In February, Beijing was surrounded by the People's Liberation Army, and the Kuomintang launched a "rescue operation" to airlift experts and scholars trapped in Beijing. As an international celebrity and well-known scholar, Hu Shi was among the first batch of "rescues". However, for some unknown reason, Hu Sidu didn't want to go to the south with his parents. He said: "I didn't do anything harmful to the producers. They won't do anything to me. " Hu Shi and his wife had no choice but to leave the soft box, fly to Nanjing by plane arranged by Fu, and then go to the United States. 1958 settled in Taiwan Province Province. I never saw my youngest son again until I died of old age. After the liberation of Beijing, Hu Sidu went to the Political Department of North China Revolutionary University (the predecessor of China Renmin University) to study. Hu Shi was called "the representative of bourgeois idealism" and "the loyal running dog of Kuomintang". As the son of Hu Shi, Hu Sidu was born guilty. But he is eager to integrate into the new society and be affirmed by the new regime. So he took the initiative to hand in a box of property left by Hu Shi, and followed the requirements, trying to "reform" his own thoughts, which was very positive. He wrote an ideological report "Criticizing My Father-Hu Shi", saying that he would draw a clear line with Hu Shi. This move was appreciated by the upper level, enabling him to teach history in the "Marxist-Leninist Department" of Tangshan Railway Institute after graduation.
Hu Sidu's article said: "Hu Shi's devotion to reactionaries finally failed to save the public enemy's bad luck. When national victory came, he left Beijing and China to become a' white flower', and he also praised' the spirit of living in a foreign land in Belarus is admirable'. From the class analysis, Hu Shi is "a loyal minister of the reactionary class, an enemy of the people, and has made no political progress", and lists various crimes of this "war criminal", such as "betraying the interests of the people and helping four big families", "closely combining with the interests of imperialist cultural aggression" and "willingly serving the United States". Naturally, Hu Shi did not believe this was the truth of his son. He just quietly posted newspaper clippings in his diary. Hu Shi commented: "Children's articles were published on orders."
195 1 year1kloc-0/month Hu Sidu's articles were reprinted by China youth and other publications, taking this as an opportunity, the first round of criticism of Hu Shi rose in Chinese mainland. During this period, many intellectuals from the old society, such as Tang Yongtong, Jin, Ma, Zhu Guangqian, Liang Sicheng, etc. , wrote a reflection, clear position.
1954, two "little people" criticized Yu Pingbo, the authority of redology, because Yu Pingbo was a disciple of Hu Shi. In the month of 165438+ 10, the trend swept Hu Shi again. At that time, Zhou Yang and Guo Moruo, two standard-bearers in the literary and art circles, followed the will and called for "the struggle between Marxism-Leninism and bourgeois idealism". Down with "China's earliest, most determined and irreconcilable enemy of Marxism-Leninism" and "contemporary Confucius" Hu Shi.
Hu Sidu thought that by drawing a clear line with Hu Shi, he could get rid of his father's shadow and throw himself into the new society. He obviously underestimated Hu Shi's influence and the determination of the new government. The new government thinks he is guilty, so this kind of crime will not stop until his death.
This critical trend lasted for ten months, with a wide range and great strength, and completely criticized Hu Shi, so that the "Hu Shi topic" became stale, and people didn't bother to catch this braid during the Cultural Revolution. Hu Sidu is the son of a traitor, a running dog and a traitor, and the pressure is obvious.
In the last few years of his life, his only relative was his distant cousin Hu. Other relatives, such as cousin Hu Hengli and uncle Jiang Zehan, are all cadres in party member. Afraid of implicating them, they don't have frequent contacts, while Hu is a worker, illiterate, and there is nothing to be afraid of (Hu Wenge was labeled as a "gangster").
Hu Sidu has never had a girlfriend because of her poor composition. People in their thirties live alone. He has been working hard and optimistic, thinking that he will be accepted by the new society, but he has always been a second-class citizen. He has always wanted to join the * * * production party. 1957, * * * called for "letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend". He thought the opportunity to make a contribution came, so he took the initiative to put forward suggestions for teaching reform to the leaders of his hospital. I didn't expect this to be just a "lure the snake out of the hole". Once the wind changed suddenly, he was labeled as a "rightist". He finally couldn't bear the blow. On September 2 1, 1957, he hanged himself in despair that night.
Leaving a suicide note to Hu, full of bitterness: "Now I have no relatives, only you. I must go when you come. Ask one of my colleagues, and he will tell you something about me. You are my closest relative. Now that I'm dead, don't be sad. You can bear hardships, you can bear hardships. I left more than 600, more than 200 bonds. If your children can go to school, they can go to college. I will give you a watch as a souvenir. I hope you work hard, your children study hard and make some contributions to socialism. " (Quoted from Hu's dictation)
When Hu arrived at the unit, he saw that the compound was covered with posters criticizing him and Hu Shi. Hu will be buried in a suburban clearing and set up a tomb board, which has now been lost.
He left a suicide note to his cousin, which read "Work hard, study hard and make some contributions to socialism". It seems that he ordered his cousin. He is only 36 years old and still single.
1958 In March, Hu Shi was attending the "Oriental Academic Seminar" at Columbia University. He called from Pan Asia Society in Hong Kong and learned that Si Du had been dismissed as an associate professor and sent someone to work. In May, when Hu Shi was broadcasting about the May 4th Movement in Taiwan Province Province, on May 4th, it was also the news from Pan-Asian Society that he hanged himself in Sidu last August.
In this regard, Hu Shi is skeptical; 1On February 24th, 962, Hu Shi died of a heart attack in Taipei.
Hu Shi and Jiang Dongxiu didn't want to believe Sidu was dead until they died. At Hu Shi's funeral, Jiang Dongxiu asked the fourth ancestor, "Does the fourth capital also know about your father's death?" The fourth ancestor thought about it and said to his mother, "He died before his father." Jiang Dongxiu was surprised and asked Sizu's source. The fourth ancestor's answer came from the United States and was spoken by people in Chinese mainland. He never reported to his parents for fear that they would be sad. Jiang Dongxiu fainted when he heard the bad news.
1980 1 1 month, that is, 23 years after Hu Sidu's death, was re-examined organizationally and wrongly classified as the Rightists. This is a tragedy of an era and should end.