On the one hand, Nurhachi wants to maintain the political and economic advantages of the Eight Banners of Manchu as victors, occupiers and rulers, and "it is neither willing nor possible to digest the vast number of Han people in Liaodong into the Eight Banners"; On the one hand, he made a gesture of salvation and saved the Han people in Liaoshen from the dark rule of the Ming Dynasty. In July of the sixth year of Houjin Destiny, Liaoyang "Enclosure Planning Order" was issued.
The first part of "Enclosure and the Plan of Receiving Land Orders" is enclosure. The records in the old files of the Manchu Dynasty are as follows: 162 1 (six years of destiny) On June 14th, the Party will leave for Fentian, so the villages were informed in advance to take Haizhou for 100,000 days, Liaodong for 200,000 days, and Liaodong for * * * 300,000 days, giving our troops to be stationed here. That is to say, Nurhachi ordered the guards in Liaodong and Haizhou to occupy the original land of the Han people for 300,000 days, so as to resettle the Manchu Eight Banners nobles, ministers, soldiers and their families who moved to Liaodong from the upper reaches of Hunhe River and the Perilla Valley. This practice became the forerunner of the land exchange policy in Gyeonggi and other areas after the Qing army entered the customs during the Shunzhi period.
The second part of the Order of Combining Enclosures and Counting Ding Shoutian is to implement "Counting Ding Shoutian" for the Han people in the newly occupied area of Liaodong. In other words, Nurhachi ordered the abolition of the ills of land concentration and inequality between the rich and the poor in Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty. First, all the land in Liaodong was owned by Houjin, then the land that occupied 300,000 days was distributed to the Eight Banners, and then the other land was distributed to every male for six days, and five days were used to grow food for one day. One soldier every three days and one battle every 21 days are equally distributed among Han people in Liaodong.
"Enclosure and plan to accept agricultural land orders" focuses on enclosure. In order to maintain the political and economic advantages and combat effectiveness of the Eight Banners in Manchu Dynasty, Nurhachi, as a conqueror, occupier and ruler, naturally deprived the occupied areas of the land belonging to the Eight Banners and practiced the primitive mode of production of slavery. The rest of the land is just redistributing the original Han people as much as possible to change the social ills under the rule of the Ming Dynasty.
Just first, because the emphasis is on enclosure to ensure the possession of land by the Eight Banners of Manchu Dynasty, and the land is limited anyway, the native Han people have not been able to get enough land. Second, Nurhachi's practice of changing the social ills under the Ming Dynasty was almost a leap from slavery to feudalism, but at best it could only be regarded as the primary stage of feudalism, such as the labor rent for one day every three crops, the combination of agriculture and war every twenty crops and so on. This is still an intolerable retrogression for the Han people in Liaodong, so it was fiercely resisted by the Han people in various ways. Failure. 1623 (tomorrow, three years later, eight years later), there are 12 families in the mountains and rivers, helping the elderly and bringing the young to escape from the post-jurisdiction; The Han people in Liujitun Village crossed the Liaohe River and lit lamps on rafts made of sorghum stalks. More than eleven thousand people in Fuzhou defected to the Ming Dynasty. People in Anshan, Haizhou and surrounding areas have defected. There are no crows and dogs barking, and there is no smoke. Only the harsh and howling cold wind walked through the empty ruins at will.
Riots. 162 1 year (the sixth year of the late Jin Dynasty, the first year of tomorrow), two scholars in Jinzhou led ten people to "conspire to make an insurrection"; Chen Liangce of Zhenjiang (near Dandong) led the uprising and sent the late Jin Shoujiang to the Ming Dynasty through Zheng Yang. Farmers in Tangzhan Dangerous Mountain collectively responded and voted in the south. After 8 jin j watching, dare not close.
1623 (three years tomorrow, eight years later), thousands of Han people in Xiuyan climbed the Xiuyan River in eight wooden boats and fourteen wooden boats, violently shelled the five outposts in Houjin, and all died because they were outnumbered.
/kloc-during the period of 0/625 (five years from tomorrow, ten years of destiny), banners of righteousness were erected in Zhenjiang, Fengcheng, Xiuyan, Long Island, Shuang Shan, Pingdingshan, Haizhou, Anshan, Shoushan and Zhangyi to resist the latter.
Sneak attack, assassination, poisoning. In the eighth year of the post-Jin appointed rule, some post-Jin officials who urged the collection of public grain were kidnapped by Han Chinese, taken away and killed in the car; Because of acting alone, he was killed by the Han people; Some were deceived and killed by the Han people in the name of making friends. At the same time, there have been many incidents in which Han people poisoned water, wine and pork, poisoning the military and civilians of the Jin Dynasty.
1622 (two years and seven years of destiny) In March, Nurhachi even ordered Manchu people not to make friends with Han people, not to contact with Han people, and not to go out alone. 10 people must take bows and arrows and walk in line. If there are less than ten people in the group and nine people travel together, they will "catch everyone" and be fined nine yuan. In June, it was ordered that "anyone who opens a shop in Shen Han should engrave the owner's name on stone or wood. If there is no title, it is guilty." It is forbidden for anyone to sell goods without a shop to prevent drug abuse. You should tell all the women and children who apply for food and remember the boss's name. "Also pay attention to water, salt, onions, melons, eggplants, chickens and ducks, so as not to be poisoned by the Han people.