Guǎn nìng gxí ci (pinyin: gu m n n ? ng g x í), which comes from "Talking about New Language Morality First", is a metaphor for making a clean break of friendship between friends, stopping communication, or not making friends with people with different interests and ways.

catalogue

1 Interpretation of Idioms

2 related figures

2. 1 source of allusions

2.2 original text

2.3 Another article

2.4 Translation

2.5 explanation

3 experience

4 idiom inspiration

5 reading questions and answers

6 Introduction

7 author

1 Interpretation of Idioms

New edition of world stories

2 related figures

Ning Guan: People in the late Han Dynasty.

Ning Guan (A.D. 158- A.D. 24 1), many people in Beihai County (now Linqu, Shandong Province). Wei, a descendant of Guan Zhong in the Three Kingdoms period, was fond of learning and reading classics since childhood, and he did not covet fame and fortune all his life. With Huaxin in the plain and Liyuan in the same county as Yilong, Huaxin as the leader, Liyuan as the belly of the dragon and Guan Ning as the tail of the dragon. Celebrities at that time, later because they didn't like Hua Xin, spread the story of sitting down after cutting the seat. He gave lectures all his life and lived in Liaodong.

At the end of Han Dynasty, Ning Guan was in troubled times, with many lecturers and scholars and wide influence. He repeatedly refused to appoint court officials.

Hua Xin: People in the late Han Dynasty.

Hua Xin (A.D. 157- A.D. 232) was born in the plain of Gaotang (now southwest of Yucheng, Shandong). Famous people in the Three Kingdoms period in the late Han Dynasty, Wei Situ in the Three Kingdoms period. Emperor Ling of Han promoted Xiaolian to be a doctor, and later left his post due to illness. Later, He Jin was recruited as Shang Shulang. In the battle of Guandu, Cao Cao was appointed as a negotiator, military commander, minister and servant instead of a minister. Cao Cao conquered Sun Quan, "expressing Xin as a strategist". Later, he was appointed as an imperial doctor. After xelloss proclaimed himself king, he worshipped Guo Xiang and sealed the land of happiness. Later it was changed to Stuart. Wei Mingdi acceded to the throne, JinFeng BoPing hou. Salute the marquis.

The source of allusions

Shi Shuo Xin Yu Zhang De

Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a note novel which mainly narrates anecdotes in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and it was produced in the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China (420-58 1). It was written by a group of writers organized by Liu Yiqing (403-444), king of Linchuan, the imperial clan of Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties, with Liu Jun as a note. The original book has eight volumes, and Liu Jun notes ten volumes. This biography is divided into three volumes, which are divided into 36 branches, such as morality, speech, politics, literature, founder and magnanimity. There are more than a thousand volumes in the book, which describe the anecdotes of celebrities and nobles from the end of Han Dynasty to Liu Song Dynasty.

original text

Guan Ning and Huaxin are hoeing vegetables in the garden. Seeing a piece of gold in the field, there is no difference between a hoe and rubble. China grabbed ③ and threw ④ away. Try to read at the same table. People passing by the entrance of the entrance would rather study as usual, and waste books should be put out of sight. I'd rather sit separately and say, "My son is not my friend."

-"Shi Shuo Xin Yu Virtue First"

Another article

Ning Guan and Huaxin are hoeing vegetables in the garden. There is a piece of gold in the ground, and the pipe swing hoe is no different from a tile stone. China grabbed it and threw it away. I have also tasted the taste of reading at the same table. People passing by the porch would rather read as before, and I would rather waste my books. I'd rather find a seat alone and say, "I'm not my friend."

translate

Ning Guan and Huaxin are weeding in the garden. When they saw a piece of gold on the ground, Guan Ning still waved his hoe, which was no different from seeing tiles and stones. Huaxin happily picked up the gold and threw it away. Once, they were sitting on the same mat reading a book, and a man in a skirt drove by the door with a shed. Guan Ning was reading as before, but Huaxin put down his book and went out to read it. Guan Ning cut off the mat and sat apart from Hua Xin, saying, "You are no longer my friend."

translate freely

This paper shows that Guan Ning and Hua Xin are superior to each other in virtue through their different performances in "Picking up Vegetables to See Gold" and "Looking at the Pavilion and Passing the Door". It turned out to be the eleventh virtue.

① Guan Ning: The word "You An" was a great man at the end of the Han Dynasty, but he was not an official. Hua Xin: Zi Yu, then the official of the Eastern Emperor, went to Situ after entering Wei, sealed Bo Pinghou, and attached himself to Cao Cao and his son.

② * * *: Together.

3 Grab: Pick it up, lift it up and hold it.

4 throw: throw.

⑤ Go: Throw it away.

5 taste: once.

⑥ Take the crown: the compound words are biased. Refers to the ancient scholar-officials in China.

Your car. Xuan: An ancient car with a shed. Crown: a hat worn by an official who was above a doctor in ancient times, which refers to your official position here.

Same as before: same as before. Like, like.

⑧ Scrap book: Put down the book. Waste: Stop.

9 point of view: wait and see.

Attending seats: seats, cushions. Ancient people often spread mats on the ground and then sat on them. Now wine is called a feast, which means the same thing.

⑾ Peep: Peep.

⑿ Zi is not my friend: You are no longer my friend. Son: It means you.

[13] Cut the mat: cut the mat, distinguish the boundaries and sever the relationship.

Idiom evolution

Cut off the seat: seat, straw mat. Cut the seats open and sit separately. Metaphor is that friends break up.

3 experience

Since the story of "Guan Ning gave up his seat" was sung, people have been promoting that Guan Ning is a typical person who is not greedy for glory or money. However, Guan Ning can't treat his friends in two, and the attitude of breaking up is too one-sided.

Ning Guan broke up with his friend because one or two details didn't meet his own standards, which was a bit demanding. However, Hua Xin is greedy for vanity, and Guan Ning can't be blamed for cutting seats and breaking justice.

However, it is somewhat arbitrary for Guan Ning to judge Hua Xin's yearning for wealth and official wealth based on these two trivial matters. But he is very determined, he found that he and Hua Xin are not the same, and he will give up his seat sooner or later!

Choose like-minded friends, learn to focus on cultured friends, and make friends carefully.

4 idiom inspiration

We should set high aspirations from an early age, study hard and get rid of all selfish distractions in order to achieve something.

Do not be too arbitrary, observe more and don't draw conclusions easily, so as to do better.

Don't get lost by money and fame, it's hard to make good friends.

The idiom comes from Ning Guan's "Cutting Mats".

The idiom Guan Ning cuts the seat, but the seat: sitting at the table. Cut off the seats and sit separately. Metaphor is that friends break up. Source: Shi Shuo Xin Yu De ... (Guan Ning and Hua Xin) Look at the same table again. Those who pass through the entrance would rather study as before and waste books. I'd rather cut my seat and say, "I'm not my friend."

5 reading questions and answers

1, pinyin the added words and phrases.

Hua Xin throws a crown.

2. Explain the words and phrases added in the sentence.

(1) hoeing vegetables in Guanning and Huaxin gardens. _ Weed vegetables _ _ _

(2) The pipe pendulum hoe is the same as the tile stone. ____________

(3) Try reading at the same table again. ____________

(4) There are people passing by the entrance of the porch. _____________

3. Translate sentences.

(1) China catches it and throws it away.

(2) I'd rather study as before, and I'll read those useless books.

4. What kind of person is Guan Ning?

5. What are the two things written in this article?

Reference answer

2, (1) * * is no different from (2) (3) people who are used to (4). ...

3, (1) Huaxin picked it up and threw away the gold.

(2) Guan Ning is still studying, while Hua Xin puts down his book and goes out to read.

4, is an indifferent to fame and fortune, no power, very lofty.

5. When Ning Guan and Huaxin were hoeing, they found the posture of gold and luxury cars passing by the door.

6 Introduction

Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a note novel which mainly narrates anecdotes in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and it was produced in the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China (420-58 1). It was written by a group of writers organized by Liu Yiqing (403-444), king of Linchuan, the imperial clan of Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties, with Liu Jun as a note. The original book has eight volumes, and Liu Jun notes ten volumes. Today's biographies are all made into three volumes, which are divided into 36 branches, such as morality, speech, politics, literature, founder and magnanimity. There are more than 1,000 volumes in the book, which describe the anecdotes of celebrities and nobles from the end of Han Dynasty to Liu Song Dynasty, mainly for the discussion stories of relevant figures, metaphysics and witty response.

There are many titles in Shi Shuo Xin Yu, such as Shi Shuo, Shi Shuo Shu Xin, Xin Yu and Shi Shuo Xin Yu. Notes on Sui Shu Jing, Notes on Old Tang Shu Jing and Records of New Tang Shuyi are collectively called Shi Shuo, which is the earliest title of this book. Li Ben's Shi Shuo Xin Yu has three volumes and thirty-six articles. In ancient times (5 19 ~ 58 1), Liang Chen was born in the southern dynasties, and the name of the world theory began to be seen here. By the Tang Dynasty, the titles of Shi Shuo (found in Duan Youyang Zayu) and Shi Shuo Xin Yu (found in Liu Zhiji Shi Tong) were recorded in Historical Records. Since the Song Dynasty, this book was deleted by Yan Shu, and later it was collectively called Shi Shuo Xin Yu. Shi Shuo Xin Yu was originally named Shi Shuo and later renamed Shi Shuo Shu Xin, because Liu Xiang wrote Shi Shuo in Han Dynasty (the original book was lost), and later generations distinguished this book from Liu Xiang's, so it was also called Shi Shuo Shu Xin, and it was renamed today after the Song Dynasty. Sui Shu Economic Journal listed it as a note novel. Liu Daogui's Biography of the Song Dynasty said that Liu Yiqing was "simple in nature", "fond of literary meaning" and "needed to gather scholars from near to far". Although the individual facts recorded in this book are not accurate, they reflect the ideological style of aristocratic families at that time, and preserve the historical materials of society, politics, thought, literature and language, which is of great value.

7 author

Liu Yiqing (403-444) was born in Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu), Han nationality. Ji Bo, a writer in Song Dynasty. The Book of Songs said that he was "pure in nature and lacking in lust". Love literature, recruit people from all over the world, and get together under the door. The imperial clan of Liu and Song Dynasties attacked King Linchuan and gave Jingzhou the position of secretariat. He has been in power for eight years and achieved good results. Later, he was appointed as Jiangzhou Secretariat. After a year in office, Wen Di was angered by his sympathy for the demoted official Wang Yikang, and was transferred back to Beijing to serve as the secretariat, governor and official document of Nanjing. Soon, he abdicated due to illness and died in Jiankang (now Nanjing) in 444 AD (Yuanjia 2 1). Liu Yiqing was gifted since childhood and loved literature. In addition to Shi Shuo Xin Yu, he also wrote You Ming Road. Originally from Pengcheng, Southern Song Dynasty, he lived in Jingkou. In the Southern Dynasties, Song Wudi was the nephew of Emperor Wu of Song, the second son of Daoliu in King Liu, Changsha, and his uncle Linchuan King Liu Daogui had no children, that is, Liu Yiqing was his heir. Liu Yiqing, the nephew of Emperor Wu of Liu Song, is outstanding among emperors and highly valued. (1) During the reign of Jing Nan (15-30 years old), Liu Yiqing rose all the way at the age of 15 years old, during which he served as secretary supervisor, in charge of books and works throughout the country, and had the opportunity to contact and exhibit royal classics, which laid a good foundation for the compilation of Shi Shuo Xin Yu. 17 years old, promoted to Shangshu Zuofushe (equivalent to Deputy Prime Minister). Therefore, Liu Yiqing is also afraid of an accident. At the age of 29, he begged for a diversion and dismissed his servant. (2) During the Jingzhou period (30-37 years old), Liu Yiqing served as the secretariat of Jingzhou with outstanding achievements. Jingzhou is an important town in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, where it has lived a stable life for eight years. (3) During the Jiangnan period (37-4 1 year), Liu Yiqing was the secretariat of Jiangzhou and Nanyanzhou. At the age of 38, he began to compile Shi Shuo Xin Yu, and had frequent contacts with scholars and monks at that time. 4/kloc-0 died in Beijing at the age of. Liu Yiqing is a scholar and politician who is "pure in nature, lacking in lust and loving literary significance". Although he held an important position all his life, his achievements were lacking. Apart from his lack of enthusiasm, the most important thing is that he is unwilling to get involved in the power struggle between Liu and Song.

8 related events

/kloc-at the age of 0/3, he was made the Duke of Nanjun, and later adopted by his uncle Liu Daogui, the king of Linchuan, so he was attacked as the king of Linchuan. Liu Yiqing loved literature since he was a child, and he was brilliant. He won the trust of Song Wudi and Song Wendi and was treated with courtesy.

Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a collection of note novels. This book not only recorded the speeches and anecdotes of the gentry from the Han and Wei Dynasties to the Eastern Jin Dynasty, but also reflected the thoughts, life and ethos of the literati at that time. Moreover, its language is concise and its words are vivid, so it has been loved and valued by literati since it came out. Dramas and novels, such as Guan Hanqing's zaju Jade Mirror Terrace and Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

Of course, because Liu Yiqing was in Yangzhou at that time, he heard a lot of local people's stories and folklore, so in Shi Shuo Xin Yu, some stories that happened in Yangzhou at that time were also recorded. For example, the idiom "strange things", which is familiar to later generations, comes from the fact that after the former Jianwu general and Yangzhou secretariat Yin Hao were abolished as civil servants, they never said a word of complaint, but only used their fingers to write and draw in the air every day. Yangzhou officials followed his strokes and secretly observed that he only wrote the word "strange". Only then did everyone know that he was expressing his grievances in this way.

It's a pity that Liu Yiqing left Yangzhou because of illness just after the book Shi Shuo Xin Yu was written, and died young soon after returning to Beijing at the age of 465,438+0. Song Wendi was deeply saddened, and posthumous title called him "Kang Wang". [ 1]