Fresh, fluent, concise and elegant
——Analysis of stylistic characteristics of Bing Xin’s “Laugh”
?Wang Hailin?
“Laugh” is Bing Xin’s style Lady's earliest famous prose work. The article begins with the beautiful scenery of a moonlit night after rain, eliciting memories and descriptions of three smiling scenes, expressing the author's pursuit of the ideal state of life - "melting into the harmony of love", and expressing the author's thoughts and feelings of universal love. The article naturally and harmoniously blends the poetic and picturesque objective picture with the water-like tenderness, thereby creating a deep and beautiful prose artistic conception, giving people a beautiful enjoyment. The language of the article is fresh and fluent, concise and elegant, full of image and affection. From this we can see the author's profound efforts in tempering the prose language. This article attempts to make a superficial analysis of the language characteristics of this prose from the perspective of stylistic characteristics.
Bing Xin is an outstanding stylist in the modern prose world. Her prose language has a distinctive personality and is called "Bing Xin Style". It has a great influence in the prose world. The basic spirit of the so-called "Bingxin style" language is "modern text and ancient culture" and "Chinese and Western culture". Jinwen ancient culture refers to "the beauty of my country's traditional and refined classical literature, including its artistic conception, charm, atmosphere and the beauty of words, which penetrate into new literature very naturally, secretly and without any trace." ", "Creatively using many living classical Chinese words and classical Chinese sentence patterns, and paying attention to the refinement of the words, the consideration of the rhythm, and the clever writing, so that this language has the advantages of the natural, smooth, free and colorful vernacular, It also has the advantages of classical Chinese writing being simple, elegant, sonorous and melodious. ""Chinese Western Culture" refers to the use of sentence patterns, which "very flexible and moderately absorb European elements: complex sentence structure, inversion of sentences, The use of the structural particle '的' and punctuation marks gives the sentences a tactful, flowing and colorful style; this Europeanization, combined with the conciseness, strictness and parallelism of our Chinese sentence patterns, makes her writing both rich and rich. The rhythm of concise and dancing poetry. ""Laughing", the "first beautiful essay" in the history of modern prose, fully embodies this characteristic of "Bing Xin style" language in the refinement of language. The following analysis will be done from two aspects: word selection and sentence pattern selection.
First of all, in the choice of words, "Laughter" pays attention to modification, "I like to soak some juice of old literature into it." In vividly describing the objective scenery, it naturally and skillfully combines classical poetry and prose. The classical Chinese vocabulary with vitality, expressiveness and expressiveness is blended into it to create a profound and beautiful artistic conception, making it poetic and picturesque, revealing the beauty of simplicity and elegance in the freshness and beauty. Let's take a look:
The sound of rain gradually stopped, and clear light came faintly from behind the curtains. I opened the window and took a look, ah! The cool clouds dispersed, and the remaining drops on the leaves reflected the moon, like thousands of fluorescent lights, flickering and moving. ——I never expected that after the bitter rain and lonely lamp, there would be such a beautiful picture!
In just a few dozen words, a "pure and beautiful picture" is presented, which is bookish, fresh and bright. Beautiful words in classical poetry such as "live", "clear light", "cool clouds", "remnant drops", "thousands of fluorescent lights", "bitter rain and solitary lamp", appropriately describe the picturesque scenery, and emphasize the The modification of words conveys the author's unique feelings: the clouds are cool but dripping, the rain is bitter but the lamp is lonely. These are all methods of refining ancient poems. This method of absorbing nutrients from classical Chinese vocabulary to enrich the vocabulary of works can be divided into several situations in the article.
First, a large number of monosyllabic words with accurate and vivid meanings are used. Most of these monosyllabic words are vital and expressive in classical Chinese words. Although there are corresponding bisyllabic words in vernacular texts, most of the monosyllabic words in classical Chinese chosen by the author are generally accepted and easy to understand by readers; they are not some ancient or obscure words. This makes the language of the article not only elegant and concise, but also fresh and beautiful. Such as "live", "by", "invade", "hidden", "immerse", "lean", "zhao", "绾", "cage", "pan", etc. These words are simple and concise in terms of expression, and the flow of language is not stagnant, which helps to create the artistic conception of the work.
Second, the extensive use of idioms further reflects the concise and elegant language of the work.
The Feng language used in the article includes "dazzled", "lonely lamp in the bitter rain", "thousands of fluorescent lights", "new yellow and tender green", "fluttering", "bright and clear", "like ascending to the fairy world", etc., which have both the characteristics of It is descriptive and highly summarized. Although it is an idiom, it is also in a classical Chinese format and is popular and easy to understand.
Third, in order to effectively create the artistic conception of prose, the author draws nutrients from classical poetry, especially the graceful style of poetry, and uses a large number of words with gentle, soft imagery and strong ancient meanings to describe it. , modify the objective scenery. These words are extremely descriptive and emotive, blending scenes with each other. They not only convey subjective tenderness, but also vividly describe the characteristics of objective scenery. They will bring you into the artistic realm of ancient graceful poetry and Yuan Dynasty Sanqu, and feel the endless lingering love. of affection. Just by recording these words together, you can feel their antique flavor and soft beauty.
Due to the author's skill in refining language techniques, the expression effect can produce a strong artistic appeal. As the British writer Ben Joan said: "Borrowing ancient characters can often give the article a certain kind of solemnity and even a certain interest. Such words are only due to their distant times and high status, and they have not been used for a long time and are accidentally detected. The ancient colors do have a new feeling."
Secondly, if we say that the elegant and concise style of Bing Xin's prose is formed by absorbing classical Chinese vocabulary from ancient poetry and prose, then it is the skillful integration of modern vernacular prose. (Including excellent spoken English) combined with certain European characteristics to form a language style that is consistent with the author's gentle and softened emotions is another feature of Bing Xin's language refinement. Due to the author's profound literary skills, although he uses a lot of classical Chinese vocabulary, the work is not difficult and gorgeous, but very fluent, natural, friendly, and catchy to read. This is because in addition to paying attention to the changes in sentence patterns, the author also uses a lot of softening language methods such as repeated words, idioms, soft words, interpolations, and particles to describe the scenery and selects excellent colloquial vocabulary to describe the process. This makes it closer to life, and the reading is friendly, natural, smooth, and catchy. The whole text uses overlapping words 16 times, 18 times the word "er", and many times uses "lai", "的", Structural aids such as "LE" and "Zhu" are used as lining words with tense particles to soften the artistic conception and slow down the rhythm, making people feel lingering and delicate. These repeated words slow down the rhythm of the voice, lighten and soften the mood of the article, and make it beautiful and smooth. Adding "er" after the noun describing the scenery makes it more friendly and light, and also plays a role in softening the artistic conception. Sentences that use lining words such as: "Clear light faintly penetrated behind the curtains", "Turn around", "Falling on the clothes drop by drop", etc., add the particle "come" to make the action imply a time The process and the feelings become more lasting. The appearance of pure colloquial words like "I didn't expect", "a long ancient road", "so easy", "look back", "quickly", etc. in the article not only did not dilute or vulgarize the language of the work, The elegant beauty actually enhances the intimacy and natural smoothness of the language. It makes people feel as if the author is right in front of you, chatting with you, and talking about elegant topics. Although these spoken words have corresponding written words that can be substituted, the author does not use them. This also reflects the author's eclectic approach to refining his words and sentences.
Thirdly, in the use of sentence patterns, this article fully reflects the style characteristics of "Chinese and Western Culture". The complicated sentence structure of Western languages, the omission of sentences, the use of inversion and the particle "的" and punctuation marks are cleverly combined with the conciseness, strictness, parallelism, parallelism, etc. of sentence patterns in the text, making the language of the article brisk, lively, flowing, and natural , and has the rhythm of a concise and dancing poem. You feel that the whole text is a prose sentence pattern, but there is rhythm and rhyme echoing in it; you feel that it is strict, but it is not as strict as parallel or rhyme, but much more lively and free. Let's take a look:
——A very long ancient road, the mud under the donkey's feet is slippery. The water in the fields and ditches was gurgling, and the green trees in the nearby village were all enveloped in wet smoke. The bow-like crescent moon hung on the treetops. As I walked, there seemed to be a child by the roadside, holding a pile of bright white things.
Here are several complete subject and predicate sentences, with commas separating the subject and predicate parts. Although the structure is complete, it is not lengthy and has the lightness of a short sentence. It is also very neat. Six The six scenes of the sentence are neat and symmetrical, with the same sentence pattern, the same structure, and even the same number of words, but you feel that its arrangement and parallelism with the verse are much more lively and free, full of vitality and vitality. Try to compare it with words like this: "The ancient roads are muddy, the ditches are gurgling, the smoke is covered with green trees, the cottages are hidden, the crescent moon is like a bow, hanging high on the treetops, and the children beside the road are holding bright white flowers in their arms." The beauty of the sentences in the article. It can be said that the article is mainly composed of prose sentences, which are combined with whole sentences, and rhythm can be seen in the prose. In the selection and matching of sentence patterns, strive to be free, lively, brisk, and soft. The whole text basically uses subject and predicate sentences, but pays attention to the flexibility of both the recipient and the recipient to avoid the appearance of passive sentences. Whenever there is a passive image, the passive sentence is cleverly changed into an active sentence with concise verbs, so it is slow and not tedious. Highlight its lively and light tone, such as the first sentence in the article: "The sound of rain gradually stopped, and clear light faintly penetrated behind the curtains." Two single sentences, the first sentence is a subject-predicate agent sentence, and the latter sentence is a subject-predicate sentence. Object sentences are rich in variety and can be matched freely. If all use agent sentences, the effect will not be achieved. Another example is the use of the two verbs "yin" and "immersion" in the second paragraph to change the passive sentence into an active sentence. The semantics are smooth and coherent, and the artistic conception is profound, beautiful and touching.
In addition, in the three pictures described in the article, "I" is both inside and outside the painting. "I" and the picture constitute the scenery, and "I" is enjoying the scenery. However, when describing scenery, in any subject-predicate sentence whose subject is "I", the subject should be omitted to avoid redundancy. This is also one of the author's tricks for refining sentences.
Finally, if we carefully taste the tone of its language, you will enjoy the rhythmic beauty of poetry. There is no need to elaborate on this point.
In short, the beautiful lyrical prose "Laughter" fully embodies the style and literary language of "Bing Xin Style" in terms of language refinement, whether it is the tuning of words, or the choice of sentences. The image and emotion of the body. But it is not about playing with text skills, but everything revolves around the center of the article, serving to express the author's feelings and the theme of the work accurately and effectively. The language is elegant but not gorgeous, lively and full of change, and follows certain rules. It fully reflects the outstanding prose writer's ability to control language materials.
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After reading so many novels, I like Bing Xin’s "Laughter" the most. Bing Xin belongs to the first batch of modern writers who emerged from the "May 4th" New Literature Movement and is an important writer in the Literary Research Association. She is one of the most accomplished female writers in modern my country. Most of her works mainly sing about maternal love and children, and her unique aesthetic taste is also shown in her works. "Laughter" was published in No. 1 of the reformed "Novel Monthly" in 1921. It is Bing Xin's famous work.
Shen Congwen has this comment on Bing Xin’s works: “For the little things in life, every case seems to be filled with motherly tenderness. When it flows from the pen, although the writing style is different, careful readers can understand it. We get the same impression, that is, there is a gentle smile on the 'human world' in all the works."
From this "Laughter", it is not difficult to see that Bing Xin walks with a "soft smile". A member of the May 4th New Literary Circle. "Laughter" shows three images of laughter: from the smile of Angel in the picture, it reminds me of the smile of a child I saw on the side of the field road five years ago, and it also reminds me of the smile of an old woman I saw in front of the hut on the beach ten years ago. People smile. The three smiling figures are all accompanied by flowers, beautiful and gentle, kind and kind. Through these three smiling images, the author experienced the beauty of the world. And when the three smiling figures "fluttered together and twined together in the author's dreamlike imagination, she conveyed her call for "love" and "beauty" to us.
The "smile" described by the author is based on "love" and "beauty". She not only brings us the feeling of "love", but also introduces us to the realm of "beauty". Love and yearning for "beauty" create a unique and charming artistic realm.
The author describes "smile", and we seem to be able to see the author's own smile between the lines. While writing, Bing Xin once expressed this: "Whether it is a long story or a short story, a preface or a few chapters, reading it from beginning to end can make the author who has never met him appear in front of the reader, and his talent, temperament and life will be revealed. Everyone can deduce from experience that "Bing Xin has achieved the personality display she expected." Even if we have only read "Laughter", which is only 800 words long, we can understand the author's innocent and gentle heart.
The text of "Laughter" is clear, elegant, ethereal and elegant. When she started her creative journey, Bing Xin had already demonstrated a unique language style. She has a profound knowledge of classical literature, and her prose language not only takes advantage of the natural fluency of vernacular writing, but also has the charm of classical Chinese.
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That Angel , the child holding flowers. This article comes from the Civil Service Test Network-Secretary Channel, the old woman leaning on the door, that magical expression, and the warmth that fills her whole body! ——Inscription
Bing Xin likes smiles, her own, others', real and illusory, as long as there is a hint of ruddy color floating on the corners of her slightly raised lips, she collects them all and blends them into her works, making them infectious. Countless people. Smile, this magical expression!
Smile is a silent and friendly language. Angel, child. This article comes from the Civil Service Test Network - Secretarial Channel. The smile of the old woman moved Bing Xin who was in loneliness. They smiled at Bing Xin, smiled kindly, without saying a word, but Bing Xin used that Juanxiu’s words tell us: Listen! Isn't that right? They say hello to you! They want to chat with you! They want to make friends with you! So simple, yet so complex. What is simple is the expression at that moment, what is complex is the opening of the soul.
Smile is a silent and moving music. Bing Xin used her unique pure pen to play a heartfelt and touching song. Although there is no conductor, no harmony, and not even an obvious key, we can understand it and think about it, isn't that music? It is buried under the trickling words. As long as you look at it a few more times, a familiar melody will play, and the holiness deep in your heart will rise.
Smile is a noble expression of human beings. Angel is an elf in heaven, a child is a fairy in the mortal world, and an old woman is a highly respected Virgin. Animals cannot smile. Smiling only belongs to humans. Because human beings can feel with their hearts, express to their heart's content, and create infinitely. The mysterious smile of Mona Lisa touched the whole world, and human beings created the emotion of the greatest victory in the universe.
A smile is always the bright sunshine in life. Its light illuminates everything around it, adding to the surrounding atmosphere warm sympathy, earnest expectations and wonderful visions. All sentient beings were captivated by it, and the whole world was moved by it. It illuminates everyone and warms every heart.
Oh, holy smile, magical smile, great smile...