A new name of FMCG is PMCG (packaged mass consumer goods), which pays more attention to the influence of packaging, branding and popularization on this category. The most understandable definitions include packaged food, personal hygiene products, tobacco, alcohol and beverages. They are called "Kuai" because they are first and foremost daily necessities. They rely on consumers' frequent and repeated use and consumption, and gain profits and value through large-scale market volume.
There are two popular explanations:
Explanation of the first kind of "fast-moving consumer goods"
This title is mainly from the perspective of consumption. "Consumers" means consumption, and fast-moving products refer to those products that have a short use cycle and are easy to be reused. The word "FMCG" comes from merchants' research on such products and an overview of various products, mainly including:
1 personal care products;
2 diet;
3 health care products;
4 alcohol and tobacco;
5 over-the-counter drugs (OTC).
Because the concept of "FMCG" is to let merchants study the consumption law of such products, the concept of "FMCG" is only in the research field of merchants and has no influence on consumers. Consumers can only refer to specific product categories, such as daily chemical products, tobacco and alcohol. However, when studying such titles, businesses should focus on "sales model", while the consumer's "consumption" form is usually not the core concern, so the definition of "FMCG" is more inclined to how consumers use it, and its "consumption" title is controversial. Usually people prefer the second title.
The second explanation of "fast-moving consumer goods"
Different from the previous title, "fast-selling goods" obviously pay more attention to the sales of products, which is also in line with the title of business research (from the merchant's point of view, the focus is on sales rather than the consumption and use of products)
Generally, such products are relatively cheap and belong to "necessities of life", and most of them are within the "absolute purchasing power" of consumers (for example, although they can reach the absolute purchasing power of most consumers, most people will not buy them easily because of their high prices, which means that "relative purchasing power" is difficult to achieve).
Another more important attribute is that the product is "not durable" and has a high reuse rate. Therefore, such products are often "familiar rather than true knowledge" to consumers. Because it is in the low price range, it is "low attention" and relatively "familiar", which determines that consumers usually make an instant decision when purchasing such products. Consumers usually don't have more time to study such products, so the "instant decision" of consumers to buy products becomes the "quick sale" of businesses. Consumers make decisions in a short time, and businesses must sell their products in a short time. Therefore, "quick sales" is more meaningful for enterprises used in commercial research.
The theme related to the research of FMCG is the "instant decision" purchase mode. That is, it affects consumers' purchase decisions in a short time.
FMCG industry is mainly divided into four sub-sectors:
First, it is the personal care products industry, which consists of oral care products, hair care products, personal cleaning products, cosmetics, paper towels, condoms, footwear care products, shaving products and so on.
Second, the household care products industry, including fabric cleaning products based on laundry soap and synthetic detergent, as well as household cleaning products based on dishwashing liquid, floor cleaner, toilet cleaner, air freshener, insecticide, mosquito repellent and polishing agent.
The third is the brand packaged food and beverage industry, which consists of health drinks, soft drinks, baked goods, chocolate, ice cream, coffee, processed meat, vegetables and fruits, dairy products, bottled water, brand rice flour candy, etc.
Fourth, it is an article that can be quickly digested by the tobacco and alcohol industry.
attribute
① The product turnover cycle is short;
② Short and wide market access;
(3) The market is lively, outdoor billboards are set up in areas with high traffic and high grade to promote product image, and live demonstrations, promotions, discounts and promotions are carried out in the store;
④ Generally, it is the sales organization form of branch or agency system, and warehouses are set up in the areas under the jurisdiction of branches;
⑤ The focus of after-sales service is mainly reflected in quick feedback and effective handling of customer complaints.
Compared with other types of consumer goods, FMCG has obvious differences in purchase decision and purchase process. FMCG is an impulse purchase, which makes an impromptu purchase decision and is insensitive to the suggestions of many people around. They depend on personal preference, and similar products do not need to be compared. Product appearance/packaging, advertising and promotion, price and point of sale play an important role in sales. Therefore, FMCG has three basic characteristics, namely:
Convenience: consumers can habitually buy nearby.
② Visual products: Consumers are easily influenced by the atmosphere of the store when purchasing.
③ Low brand loyalty: It is easy for consumers to switch different brands among similar products.
These characteristics determine that consumers' buying habits of FMCG are simple, fast, impulsive and emotional.