The first type: survival entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs are mostly laid-off workers, farmers who have lost their land or are unwilling to be trapped in the countryside for various reasons, and college students who have just graduated and cannot find a job. This is the largest group of entrepreneurs in China. Tsinghua University's survey report said that this type of entrepreneurs accounted for 90% of the total number of entrepreneurs in China. Many of them were driven to Liangshan to make a living. The scope of entrepreneurship is generally limited to commercial trade, a small number of industries, and basically small-scale processing industries. Of course, some enterprises have grown into large and medium-sized enterprises because of opportunities, but the number is very small, because the domestic market is not like when Liu Yonghao Brothers, Lu and Nan Cunhui started their businesses more than 20 years ago, with short economy, chaotic mechanism and opportunities everywhere. In this era, there are many experts who look for money all over the world in the blink of an eye every day, but there are few opportunities to make money. As the saying goes, it is unrealistic to achieve great things only by chance.

The second type can be called cash entrepreneur. That is, those who used to hold certain power in the party, government, military, political and public institutions, or those who gathered a lot of resources during their tenure as managers in state-owned and private enterprises and set up companies to run enterprises at the right time actually realized the past power and market relations and turned intangible resources into tangible money. From the late 1980s to the mid-1990s, there were the most liquidators of the first category, and now the liquidators of the second category account for the majority. However, the first type of liquidators are on the rise again, and a considerable part of them are encouraged by local governments. For example, some local governments have issued policies to encourage civil servants to go to sea with pay and allow government officials to return to their original jobs after failing to start a business, which are encouraging the first kind of liquidators. This is an act of openly destroying the market economy environment and artificially creating unfair competition in the market.

The third type: active entrepreneurs. Can be divided into two types, one is blind entrepreneurs, and the other is calm entrepreneurs. Most of the previous entrepreneurs were extremely confident and impulsive. Some people say that this type of entrepreneurs are mostly gamblers, who like to buy lottery tickets and gamble, and don't like to review the probability of success. Such entrepreneurs are easy to fail, but once they succeed, it is often a big undertaking. Calm entrepreneurs are the essence of entrepreneurs. They are characterized by planning before moving, not fighting unprepared battles, or mastering resources or technology. Once they act, the probability of success is usually high.

In the survey, scientific investment also found a strange type of entrepreneur. Apart from making money, they have no clear goal. I just like the feeling of starting a business as a boss. They don't care what they can and will do. Maybe they are doing one thing today and another tomorrow. What they are doing can be completely irrelevant. Some of them even have no obvious interest in making money and never consider the success or failure of their business. Strangely, there are not many entrepreneurs who make money, and the probability of entrepreneurial failure is not higher than that of diligent people. Moreover, most of these entrepreneurs are happy. Science Investment once tried to explore the truth, but later found it was in vain. It seems that this phenomenon can be explained not only by being more sensitive to external changes and looking for business opportunities with a "positive and relaxed attitude", but also by a common saying, "When the Woods are big, there are all kinds of birds."

Just like radish and cabbage, although they have different nutrients and tastes, they are all vegetables, which can satisfy hunger and nourish the body. This is their nature. Entrepreneurs also have their own characteristics. It is very meaningful to study its * * * characteristics and master these * * * characteristics. Tolstoy said: "All happy families are the same, but each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way." Applying this sentence, we can also say: "Successful entrepreneurs are all the same, and failed entrepreneurs have their own reasons." By studying and mastering the characteristics of those successful entrepreneurs and reflecting on themselves with these characteristics, we can at least understand whether we are suitable for starting a business. If you start a business, is it more likely to succeed or fail? This is the significance of scientific investment.

Through the study of thousands of cases, Ketou found that successful entrepreneurs have a variety of * * * characteristics, from which Ketou extracted the most obvious and considered most important 10, which is called "China entrepreneur 10 characteristics". Among the experts interviewed by Science Investment, some people think that it may be more appropriate to call it the 10 feature of successful entrepreneurs in China.

1, desire

Do you think it strange to list "desire" as the first quality of entrepreneurs in China? There is a saying in the Buddhist scriptures that "no desire is just", which means that if a person has no desire, he is not afraid of anything. Monks have been practicing in monasteries all their lives, and finally there is no one who doesn't want to go to the west; The Taoist priest meditated all day behind closed doors, and finally no one didn't want to soar during the day. It can be seen that although "no desire is just", how difficult it is to achieve "no desire".

Desire is actually a life goal and an ideal. The difference between the desire of entrepreneurs and the desire of ordinary people is that their desires often go beyond reality, and they often need to break their current foothold and break the cage before they can be realized. Therefore, the desire of entrepreneurs is often accompanied by action and sacrifice. This is not what ordinary people can do. When you stop at the door of any government agency, you can find such people: blank-faced, slow-moving, lonely. Their only wish is to keep the status quo. They pray that the institutional reform must not be transferred to themselves, and then the monthly salary can be paid in full and on time. They have enough knowledge, ability and resources to start a career, but without such desire, they feel that their life is good enough. These people are not limited to institutions, and there are such people and people everywhere. How can you expect him to start a business?

The desire of entrepreneurs we are talking about is restless and higher than reality. You need to stand to get it, and sometimes you need to jump to get it. There is a Wenfeng International Group in Shanghai, whose boss is Chen Minghao, who is in his forties. From 65438 to 0995, Chen Hao came to Shanghai with 200,000 yuan, starting from a small beauty salon. Now there are more than 30 large beauty salons, a biopharmaceutical factory, a cosmetics factory and a beauty salon vocational training school in Shanghai, and more than 300 franchise chain stores have been established all over the country. It is said that his personal assets exceed 1 100 million yuan. Chen Hao has a saying: "How big is a person's dream, how big is his career." The so-called dream is just another name for desire. You can imagine how much desire pushes a person.

The study of "Science Investment" found that many desires of successful entrepreneurs come from the stimulation of real life and are generated by external forces, which are often not positive encouragement. The sender of the stimulus often makes the receiver feel humiliated and painful. This kind of stimulation often arouses a strong spirit of resentment, resentment and resistance in the stimulated people's hearts, making them do some "unconventional" actions and glow with "unconventional" abilities, which is probably what Mencius said. Some entrepreneurs often say, "I never thought I had these two skills."

Because you want it, but you can't get your status, status and wealth now, so you have to start a business, change your status, improve your status and accumulate wealth through entrepreneurship, which constitutes the trilogy of many entrepreneurs' lives. Jisheng Weibang, who is engaged in furniture business, is very famous in Shanghai. Its boss is Zou. Zou, from Changchun, a snowy city in the north, has made a fortune in Shanghai, which has always looked down on foreigners, especially Americans. His net worth should be several hundred million. Zou said in an interview with the media that his entrepreneurial motivation comes from "three major differences". This "three big differences" is not what he said, but what his father-in-law said now. Zou said he was puppy love. I started to fall in love in the second year of high school, and my health is not good. Later, his girlfriend was admitted to the university, but he failed. His girlfriend's father said to him, there are three major differences between you and my daughter. The first is the urban-rural difference. His girlfriend is registered in a town, but Zou comes from a poor rural area. The second is the difference between mental labor and manual labor. Zou's girlfriend has been admitted to college, but Zou has to take a class from a relative and move oil, salt, sauce and vinegar to a small grocery store to sell her labor. The third is the difference in health. Zou Longwen didn't go to college because of his poor health. It is hard to imagine how a person with poor health can make a living by manual labor in the future. How do you support my daughter? So, you can't love my daughter!

If you don't give up your girlfriend, there is only one way, and that is to eliminate the "three major differences." In this case, Zou started his business and achieved success. Now, his girlfriend has already become his wife, and Zou likes to say to his wife, "I did it for you." Actually, Zou was wrong. He didn't "do it for you", but "do it for you." This is the role of desire, supplemented by excellent movements, Zou finally got his wish, "getting the beauty back."

Coincidentally, the famous Zhang Shuxin's entrepreneurship also stems from a stimulating factor. However, this kind of stimulation is more memorable than Zou's girlfriend, because it is related to his father's life and death. Zhang Shuxin recalled: "I remember my father came to Beijing with cancer in 1989 and died in 1992. We have given almost everything, and there are many things we want to do in the end, but we are always ashamed to do them. At that time, there were many people going to sea in society, and there were many different people's living conditions on the street. You will feel that you have no ability to change your life, not to mention so many words. " As the saying goes, grief is greater than heart death. It is in this state that Zhang Shuxin started his business as a newspaper reporter and became an entrepreneur. The purpose of starting a business is simple, that is, if you have no money, you want to have money to make money. Later, Zhang became famous because he founded English and was the first to introduce the Internet to China with great fanfare. Now Zhang is the boss of United Express Investment Company, and has developed from a successful entrepreneur to a professional investor who invests with his own money.

Because of desire, but unwilling to start a business, but action, and success, this is the path that most self-made entrepreneurs have taken. Now, the C-Bag Group is very famous. He made the Forbes list of China's richest people, but at that time, Liang was only a working class. It's just that this wage earner is a little different. 1982, Liang and his wife were sent to Hong Kong to work together with more than 40 other young workers from mainland factories. At that time, "(Liang Shengliang) had only four or five square meters of housing in Hong Kong. It is a house of less than 30 square meters, where three families live. Apart from the common kitchen, bathroom and walkway, the room is incredibly small. He and his wife live in the hall, and the other two families each rent a room. Because others had to go to work during the day, he pulled a plastic sheet from the hall and left an aisle. The couple can only sleep on the sofa. At that time, Liang's dream was to have a building. "

Even under such difficult conditions, Liang insists on going to school every night. During his three years in Hong Kong, Liang systematically studied shipping, English, international trade and economic management. Later, Liang sold sandalwood to China by international trade and found the first bucket of gold. Later, he founded Bao Si Group, which produced shampoos from Shu Lei and Feng Ying. Now, from the perspective of success, Liang said, "Looking back, more than 40 people who came to Hong Kong together in those years are still working in factories, because they are very satisfied with the status quo and feel that their jobs are much better than those in China." What Liang meant by this sentence was that desire prompted him to succeed. Because he thinks he can do better, earn more money and live a better life, he wants to be his own boss and master. However, more than 40 workers who used to work with him in Hong Kong did not have such a desire, so they worked for others 20 years ago and can only work for others 20 years later to make money for others.

Zheng Yonggang, who makes Shanshan suits, is just like Liang Liangsheng. Zheng was always dissatisfied, not satisfied in the army, not satisfied after he retired. From company to company, from factory to factory, he always feels that he can do bigger things and should have a bigger stage. It is in this dissatisfaction that he pushed his career forward step by step. Now he has finally made Shanshan suit "the first suit brand in China" and made himself a billionaire.

Feng Lun, a real estate developer, has a very incisive exposition on people's desires. He said: the life of landlords is the happiest, the life of entrepreneurs is the most fulfilling, and the life of slave owners is the most authoritative. "How much food can the landlord's field produce? The expectations are clear. Once the expectation is clear, the desire will be bound by nature, so there is no need to work hard. Therefore, we will have a good time. Entrepreneurs are different. The expectations of entrepreneurs and their efforts interact with each other. The higher the expectation, the greater the effort and the higher the expectation. These two forces alternate, forcing entrepreneurs to keep moving forward. " If you use "entrepreneur" instead of "entrepreneur" in Feng Lun's article, you will find it equally appropriate. Perhaps we can apply a great man's words: "Desire is the greatest motivation for starting a business."

A real entrepreneur must have a strong desire. They want to have wealth, get ahead, gain social status and get respect from others. Some people feel vulgar when they talk about these things, and even some successful people are unwilling to mention such topics, especially when it comes to money, which becomes very sensitive and taboo. In fact, it is completely unnecessary. The era of banning "lust" is long over. Unless you have to castrate yourself, there is nothing anyone can do. Otherwise, you can pursue your desires vigorously and honestly. Once a sage like Confucius has learned something, isn't he also traveling around the world, eager to get an official position? Obviously, in some things, there is no difference between vulgarity and vulgarity.

Step 2 be patient

There is a saying in idioms that it is difficult to start a business, and there is also a saying that it is not easy to start a business. Where is the difficulty? The first thing is to endure physical and mental torture. Physical torture is easier, and it will pass in a moment, just Rainbow Jiang Min. Wang Jiangmin started his business in Zhongguancun when he was in his forties. By selling anti-virus software, he became a millionaire almost overnight and a billionaire a few years later. He was once called the first millionaire in Zhongguancun. Wang Jiangmin's success seems easy and effortless. In fact, when Wang Jiangmin was in trouble, he was cheated out of 5 million yuan at one time. Wang's success can be said to be accidental and contains inevitability. Wang Jiangmin suffered from polio when he was three years old, leaving him with a lifelong disability. He didn't go to a regular university. In his twenties, he worked as a technician in a small street factory. Before he was 38, he didn't know what a computer was. Wang Jiangmin's success lies in his endurance to pain. From middle school, he began to consciously hone his will, "such as climbing mountains." I often go climbing mountains. Climb fast when you are 500 meters high, and you don't feel tired when you get up slowly. Another is swimming in the sea, from never being able to swim to drinking seawater, and finally going to a meeting to swim, swimming in the water until very cold days, and exercising yourself to improve endurance in frozen seawater. For example, if others want to swim to 1000 or 2000m, then I will swim to 1000 or 2000m. After swimming to 2000 or 3000 meters, I can't walk when I get ashore, and I am too tired to stand up. Exercise yourself and temper your will in this way. " When he resigned in his forties and came to Zhongguancun, he was able to face the deception and attacks of his business rivals and spare no effort by any means. Therefore, although Zhongguancun is full of talents, such a foreign disabled person has won the top spot as a millionaire.

There is another person in Zhongguancun who is very similar to Wang Jiangmin, that is, Feng Jun, the boss of Huaqi. Feng Jun, a high flyers in Tsinghua University, works as an interpreter for foreign students who dump goods in Xiushui Street to earn extra income. After graduation, he also had a good job, but he didn't want to do it, preferring to go to the "village" to do it himself. Feng Jun also has the title of "Feng Wukuai" in Zhongguancun, which means that he only earns you five dollars for everything he does. Some media have described Feng Jun's life in the village like this. "Feng Jun uses a tricycle to carry four boxes of keyboards and chassis to the electronic market at a time, but he can only carry two boxes at a time. He moved two boxes where he could see them, then turned around and moved the other two boxes. In this way, he moved four boxes of goods from the first floor to the third floor, and then from the third floor to the second floor, and so on. " This kind of life can sometimes make people too tired to sit on the ground. When Feng Jun started his business in Zhongguancun, he lost the face of Tsinghua University and high flyers. As the saying goes, "Birds of a feather flock together, and people are divided into groups". Most of the people who do the same work in Zhongguancun and Feng Jun are farmers from Anhui and Henan. For example, more than 60% of the CPU wholesale business in Zhongguancun is controlled by farmers in Fengjing Town, Huoqiu County, Anhui Province. A Tsinghua University high flyers, dealing with such people all day, hanging out with such people, is not a pleasant thing, and needs a good psychological endurance. Secondly, in order to let others represent their own products, the stall owners in the "village" are their own masters, regardless of their size. When they meet people, they have to bow and scrape, smile and say good things. The quality of those stall owners in Zhongguancun is well known, and there are not many good words. From the nickname "Feng Wukuai", we can see Feng Jun's "position" in the Jianghu at that time.

Now, Feng Jun has encountered a new problem, that is, the dispute with Lang Ke over the U disk patent. Deng Guoshun, the founder of Netac, is also a legend. He grew from a working class to a billionaire. Deng Guoshun spent only a few years and suffered numerous tortures. "That kind of suffering is unbearable for ordinary people, but we never thought about giving up. Even when we are exhausted and our money is running out, we just think: if we have no money, we will go back to work in Singapore and continue to do it when we earn money. " Deng Guoshun said that he and his business partner John Cheng developed a USB flash drive several years ago. Now Deng Guoshun's Netac owns the patent of USB flash drive, but Feng Jun's Huaqi wants a piece of it. After Deng Guoshun refused, the two families had an argument. Feng Jun called Deng Guoshun every day to try to make peace, but as soon as Deng Guoshun heard Feng Jun's voice, he hung up and forced Feng Jun to call him at another number. Feng Jun is also the boss. Huaqi is not prominent in Zhongguancun, but it is not unknown and unknown, so it is not for the company's business. This is another mental torture that an entrepreneur needs to endure.

But our pain pales in comparison with ours. So the founder of New Oriental, the top English training school in China. Yu's entrepreneurial experience was recorded in detail by Lu Yuegang, a reporter from China Youth Daily, in Oriental Carriage-Legend from Peking University to New Oriental. What impressed me the most was a drunken experience described by Yu, which made people want to cry.

..... word limit, please see the original post