Lenin is a loyal student of Marx and Engels, and the greatest Marxist and proletarian revolutionary after Marx and Engels. Under the new historical conditions of the imperialist era, he insisted on combining the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete practice of Russia, and pushed Marxism to a new historical stage, that is, the Leninist stage. Lenin made an immortal contribution to the cause of socialism. The most important ones are as follows: 1. Lead the October Revolution to victory and defend the road of the October Revolution. Under the leadership of Lenin and the Bolshevik Party, and under the guidance of Lenin's thought that socialism will win first in one country or several countries, the broad masses of workers and peasants in Russia overthrew the bourgeois provisional government and established the Soviet regime in 19 19. The October socialist revolution won a great victory. The October Revolution was a profound social revolution carried out by the broad masses of working people under the banner of Marxism and under the leadership of the * * * Production Party. It broke the unification of capitalism, overthrew the capitalist world in the world 1/6 and established a new socialist world. It has also had a far-reaching impact on the proletarian revolution and national liberation revolution in all countries of the world, thus changing the trend of world history and opening up a new era of human history. Since the October Revolution, world history has entered a new period of gradual transition from capitalism to socialism. When reviewing the October Revolution, Lenin pointed out: "Not only compared with 1789 and 1793, but also compared with 187 1 year, the Russian proletariat has reached a very high level in its own revolution." (1) That is to say, the October Revolution was much higher in breadth and depth than the French Revolution and the Paris Commune Revolution. Lenin once talked about the significance of 1789 French Revolution, saying: "The whole19th century, that is, all of it was spent under the symbol of the French Revolution. /kloc-in the 0/9th century, only one thing was done all over the world, that is, the great French bourgeois revolutionaries started their career. " Similarly, we can say that the main thing we did in every corner of the world in the 20th century was to continue to complete the cause initiated by Russian proletarian revolutionaries represented by Lenin in the October Revolution. In the 20th century, dazzling and soul-stirring historical events and social revolutions emerged one after another, but what really qualifies as the "new century" is undoubtedly the Russian October Revolution described by the famous American journalist john reid as "shocking the world". Mao Zedong once said that the China Revolution was a continuation of the October Revolution. History is advancing, advancing in twists and turns. Although drastic changes took place in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe at the end of the 20th century, it was only an episode in the historical process. The development process of human history initiated by the October Revolution cannot be changed. After the drastic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, there was an undercurrent that denied the October Revolution. To deny the October Revolution is to deny the road of the October Revolution. The so-called October Revolution Road means that countries with backward economy and culture in the 20th century embarked on the socialist road before the developed capitalist countries in the west. Is this a great pioneering work or a historical misunderstanding? From the October Revolution to the present, the debate on this issue has never stopped, including three times. The first time happened between Lenin and the second international spiritual leader Kaucki and Russian Menshevik Suehanov. The second time happened between Stalin and Trotsky after Lenin's death; The third time happened between some people in academia and politics after the drastic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. Producers in China adhere to Lenin's view that economically and culturally backward countries have embarked on the socialist road before western developed countries, which on the one hand has accelerated the pace of historical progress and achieved an unprecedented leap in the history of human development; On the other hand, it is "easy to start, but difficult to continue" (in Lenin's words), which is a major historical issue of socialism. After China's long-term exploration and formation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics theory and practice, this historical problem has been successfully solved. This is a great contribution of China and party member to socialism. Second, the leap and sublimation of socialist thought in his later years. Another great contribution of Lenin to socialism is his socialist thought in his later years. Lenin died early in 1924 1 at the age of 54. Therefore, Lenin has no old age. The so-called Lenin's later years. It refers to the stage of ideological and theoretical development in his later years, that is, after summing up historical experience and implementing the new economic policy in March of 192 1, his socialist thought has made a leap and sublimation, which is the peak of Lenin's socialist thought development. Lenin's socialist thought in his later years has three meanings, including three different levels, namely, new economic policy; The idea of building socialism; The basic idea of building socialism. The first level of Lenin's socialist thought in his later years is to implement the new economic policy, which belongs to the policy level. By summing up historical experience and reflecting on wartime policies, the new economic policy is one of the top ten in Russia. Therefore, highlighting the "economy" is because the policies introduced are mainly economic. The main contents of the new economic policy are: replacing the surplus grain collection system with grain tax; Non-nationalization of industrial enterprises; Vigorously develop commerce, including state-owned commerce and private commerce, and establish a joint point between industry and agriculture; Strengthen economic exchanges and cooperation with capitalist countries. The above four contents, starting from agriculture, including agriculture, industry, commerce and foreign economic relations, are the basic contents of implementing the new economic policy during Lenin's period. The essence of the new economic policy is the correct policy to transition from capitalism to socialism and build socialism in countries where small farmers are dominant. The implementation of the new economic policy has achieved remarkable results, with the rapid recovery and development of the Soviet economy and political stability. National unity and cultural prosperity. The second level of Lenin's socialist thought in his later years is a brand-new idea of building socialism. This belongs to the conceptual level, that is, the future that he has not achieved now. 1922, Lenin wrote five papers and three letters to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China orally. By summing up the practical experience of socialism over the past five years, especially the implementation of the new economic policy, industrialization and electrification over the past year; Strengthen the construction of state power and the ruling party; Carry out cultural construction and cultural revolution. This thought reflects Lenin's relatively complete socialist construction thought. The third level of Lenin's socialist thought in his later years is the basic idea of building socialism. It is neither the current policy nor the design and thinking of future construction. It belongs to a profound level of thinking. Including: (1) taking building socialism as a long-term exploration process. Lenin said: in order to build socialism, "we are going to try thousands of times. After we have tried a thousand times, I will try a thousand times." (3) (2) How to build socialism is also a process of re-understanding socialism. Lenin said, "We must admit that our whole view of socialism has changed fundamentally." (4) (3) Starting from the national conditions in which Russian small farmers are dominant, it is impossible to make a direct transition to socialism, but only a circuitous transition. (4) Give priority to developing productive forces and improving labor productivity. Lenin said: "After the proletariat gains state power, its most important and fundamental need is to increase the number of products and greatly improve social productivity." (5) allow a variety of economic components to exist, use and develop commodity exchange. (6) Use capitalism to build socialism, including using capitalism, especially. Draw lessons from and absorb the achievements of capitalist civilization and all beneficial things; Give full play to the role of bourgeois experts. (7) Put the reform on the agenda in time after the revolution. Lenin was the first Marxist to put forward and demonstrate reform in theory, and he also put forward the idea of reforming state institutions. To sum up, Lenin's socialist thought in his later years is embodied in three aspects: policy, concept and thought. The contents of the three levels are interrelated and promote each other, and one level is higher than the other. The idea of building socialism is the most essential part. Lenin's socialist thought in his later years developed scientific socialism in theory, pointed out the correct direction and road for the Soviet Union to build socialism in practice, and had great reference significance for the economically and culturally backward countries that embarked on the socialist road. Marxists in many countries are strengthening the study of Lenin's socialist thought in his later years. The line and policy adopted by our party after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee fully borrowed and developed Lenin's socialist thought in his later years. Note: ① Complete Works of Lenin, Volume 42, People's Publishing House, 1987, p. 449. (2) The Complete Works of Lenin, Volume 36, People's Publishing House, 1985, p. 354. (3) The Complete Works of Lenin, Volume 34, People's Publishing House, 65434. Page 329. (4) (5) Selected Works of Lenin Volume 4, People's Publishing House, 1995, pp. 773 and 623. (Editor Liu) Lenin's immortal contribution to socialism.

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