Guoshang cemetery
Tengchong Memorial Cemetery is located at the foot of Xiaotuanpo on the Dieshui River, southwest of Tengchong City, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province 1 km, covering an area of more than 80 mu. Built on July 7, 1945, KLOC-0 is the earliest and largest national army anti-Japanese martyrs cemetery in China. 1996 was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit, which was decided by the State Council.
Tengchong Memorial Cemetery was built during the Second World War to commemorate the Chinese Expeditionary Force's recovery of western Yunnan and its conquest of 20 soldiers killed in Tengchong after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in Myitkyina.
1in the summer of 944, in order to complete the strategic plan of opening the China-Myanmar highway and cooperate with the troops stationed in Myitkyina, the 20 th Army of the Chinese Expeditionary Force launched a counterattack against the Japanese invaders who had occupied Tengchong for two years with six divisions. After more than 80 battles, Tengchong City was recaptured on September 14, 2004, and the enemy captain Zang Chongkang Kangmei and more than 6,000 people below him were all annihilated. Our army also lost 8,000 soldiers, including Major General Li Yi and Qin Zibin.
The whole building complex of National Memorial Cemetery consists of memorial square, monument and tomb of heroes.
Starting from Xiaotuanpo, on its northeast axis, there is Tengchong Memorial for the fallen soldiers # 039; Tomb of Anti-Japanese Martyrs in Tengchong Theater # 039; Anti-Japanese heroes memorial hall and cemetery gate. The main building is in the form of axisymmetric progressive steps. From the gate to the first step, it passes through a long passage, and then to the second step. There is an inscription written by Bi Qiu Xue Gan: Jiang Zhongzheng Li Genyuan Book, which leads to the second step along both sides of the wall, with the Martyrs Hall on it.
Jiang Zhongzheng named him Yue hanging under the eaves of the Martyrs Hall; At the main entrance of the ancestral hall is the Martyrs' Temple inscribed by Yu Youren, a veteran of the Kuomintang and a great calligrapher. The pillars inside and outside the shrine are engraved with the 20th Army and divisional generals of the Expeditionary Force. On both sides of the corridor, Jiang Zhongzheng signed a notice on the protection of the memorial cemetery by the Military Commission of the National Government, with inscriptions such as "Tengchong Campaign Outline" and things inscribed by the commander-in-chief of the 20 th Army of the Martyrs Monument Shrine. Inside the front of the shrine is the statue of Sun Yat-sen and his will, and the inscriptions of fallen soldiers are embedded on the walls on both sides, ***96 18 people.
The hall behind the martyr is a small cone mound with a relative height of 3 1 m. From bottom to top, there are many small stone tablets. Under the stone tablet, the urn of the fallen officers and soldiers is buried. On one side of the cemetery gate, there is a place where Japanese bodies are buried in the Japanese cemetery. Teacher Li Genyuan inscribed the name of the stone, and the Japanese cemetery showed the failure of the invaders. The memorial tower was built on the top of the slope. There are towering pines and cypresses on the slope, green grass and golden flowers, accompanied by 3 168 neatly arranged and standing stone tablets, each of which is engraved with the name, birthplace, rank and position of a martyr who died in the besieged city that year.
According to the information of official website Cemetery in August 20 17, * * has two exhibition halls with an area of 650 square meters, which display 14 1 anti-Japanese war objects. The exhibition adopts the exhibition concept of modern museum, combining sound, light and electricity. The contents of the exhibition are divided into five parts: Lu Yi's business trip, Jade Sincerity, Shouting for National Salvation, 859 days and nights-the artery and historical monument born in Tengchong's anti-Japanese war artillery fire. * * * Exhibit 3 1 page, photo 168, battle sequence map 2, anti-Japanese war map 9, statistics of the number of Japanese soldiers brutally killed 1 sheet, three reliefs, three memorial halls and anti-Japanese war objects 139.
The meritorious column in the second exhibition hall lists the life stories of Li Yi, Ye, William C. mcmurry, Gu Baoyu and others 12. The third exhibition hall displays 42 anti-Japanese paintings and calligraphy works.
This cemetery, covering an area of more than 80 mu, was completed on July 7 1945. At present, it is a national key cultural relics protection unit and a national patriotic education base, and is called a memorial cemetery. The main building of the whole cemetery is symmetrical with the central axis. There is also the Martyrs' Shrine, the monument for the restoration of Tengchong by the 20 th Army, and the cemetery for burying the fallen soldiers.
The most impressive thing about the whole cemetery is the dense small tombstones around the monument. * * * There are eight fan-shaped cemeteries, and each cemetery is neatly arranged on nine rows of tombstones at the bottom of the circle from top to bottom according to the sequence and title of the original combat troops. The tombstone is engraved with the title and name of the martyr, with 72 rows of ***3346 pieces, which is very shocking.
However, when tourists come to the memorial cemetery, they will be attracted by a strange cemetery, which is a Japanese grave with four Japanese devils buried in it, tied behind their backs and kneeling as martyrs. Why is there such an important martyr cemetery for the devil? Whose body is there? This is the result of publicity by Li Genyuan, the builder of memorial cemetery, so that future generations will always remember this tragic history.
Today, in mourning for the martyrs, we must re-examine the significance of the Yunnan-Myanmar campaign with an objective and fair attitude in the spirit of being responsible for history. Only by studying the Burma War in depth can we understand why China, which is extremely poor and weak, can get together with the Big Four and sign a declaration in favor of China. Only in this way can we understand why China has become a founding member and a permanent member of the United Nations. Only in this way can we understand what the textbook does not explain, why the Japanese surrendered unconditionally and willingly to the national army, rather than to the * * * army, when the arduous frontal war of resistance and the war of resistance behind enemy lines were going on.
By studying the Battle of Yunnan and Myanmar, we will understand that the anti-Japanese battlefield in China at that time included not only the frontal battlefield and the eastern part of the enemy's rear, but also the frontal battlefields in western Yunnan and northern Myanmar. Since 1942, western Yunnan has become a real anti-Japanese front. China and China's strategic counter-offensive began in western Yunnan and northern Myanmar. Studying the anti-Japanese war in western Yunnan and northern Myanmar, many incomprehensible history suddenly became clear.