Teach fish to swim, don't bend your back for five buckets of rice. Brilliant people humbly apologize.

The mountains and rivers are full of honey swords. I recommend myself and take advantage of it.

Three visits to the thatched cottage, the teaching of three movements, besieged on all sides, squire fishing, willing to take the bait.

Attached:

To teach fish to swim

Lu Ban is a skillful craftsman, good at carving and architecture, and his skills are unparalleled in the world. He is called "able man" and regarded as the ancestor of carpenters. Anyone who dares to show off his axe skills in front of Lu Ban just wants to show off his axe skills in front of experts. This ridiculous behavior of being too modest is referred to as "playing axe in front of Lu Ban" or "playing axe in front of Lu Ban". This is similar to the saying of "playing broadsword in front of Guan Gong".

Li Bai was a world-famous poet in Tang Dynasty. After his death, many scholars passed by his grave, thinking of stopping for a minute and expressing their inner feelings with poems. Wherever he can write in front of his grave, there are poems written by later generations. Mei Zhihuan, a poet of the Ming Dynasty, came to Li Bai's tomb, saw these poor verses and laughed at those poets for "making a big axe in front of Lu Ban". Later, this sentence was simplified by later generations as "teaching an axe."

Since then, the idiom "teaching people with axes" has been handed down. It is often used to show off one's skills in front of experts, and sometimes to show off one's little skills in front of experts.

Moral

Tao Yuanming is the earliest pastoral poet in China. In the autumn of 405 AD, in order to support his family, he came to pengze county, not far from his hometown, as a county magistrate. This winter, the satrap sent a tour to pengze county to supervise. This Du You is a vulgar and arrogant person. As soon as he arrived at Pengze Guest House, he sent for the county magistrate Tao Yuanming to see him. Tao Yuanming usually despises fame and fortune, refuses to obey orders, despises such a person who gives orders in the name of a higher level, but he wants to see it again, so he set off at once. Unexpectedly, Du You sent someone to stop him: "My Lord, look at Du You wearing official clothes and a big belt, otherwise it will be indecent. Du, you take the opportunity to make a scene, which is not good for adults! " This time, Tao Yuanming couldn't stand it any longer. He sighed and said, "I can't bend over to the villains in the village for five buckets of rice!" " "Say, he took out the official seal, stamped it, wrote his resignation letter, and then left pengze county, who had been a magistrate for more than eighty days.

Later, people used this idiom to describe themselves as lofty, spineless and unmoved by fortune.

Be endowed with great/extraordinary talents

Xie Lingyun is a famous landscape poet in ancient China. He is smart and studious, has read many books, and has been deeply loved by his grandfather Xie Xuan since he was a child.

Although he is a magistrate in Yongjia, Xie Lingyun lamented that he was not talented enough and often left his official duties to travel. Later, he resigned and moved to Huiji, often drinking and having fun with friends. The local satrap sent someone to persuade him to restrain himself, but he scolded him. However, the landscape poems written by Xie Lingyun are deeply loved by people. Every time he wrote a new poem, he was immediately copied and spread quickly.

Song Wendi appreciated Xie Lingyun's literary talent and specially recalled him to Kyoto, calling his poems and calligraphy "two treasures". He is often asked to wait on banquets, write poems and compositions. Xie Lingyun, who has always been pretentious, is even more arrogant after receiving this courtesy. On one occasion, while drinking, he boasted: "Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there have been stones of literary talent in the world, among which Cao Zijian has eight fights, I also have one, and the rest of the world has one."

This idiom comes from this, and people often use it to describe people's extremely high literary talent.

Offer a birch and ask for whipping ―― Humble and sincere apology.

"Apologize with a humble apology" refers to saying that you are guilty on crutches and asking for forgiveness. It describes taking the initiative to apologize to others and asking for severe punishment.

During the Warring States Period, Lin Xiangru was named Shangqing for his diplomatic achievements, and his official position was above that of General Lian Po. Lian Po was very unhappy and threatened to insult Lin Xiangru to his face. After Lin Xiangru knew it, he didn't want to compete with Lian Po, so he looked around and avoided Lian Po.

On one occasion, when Lin Xiangru went out by car, he saw Lin Po's car coming from a distance and quickly asked his men to drive to the alley to avoid Lin Po. Lin Xiangru's men thought he was afraid of Linpo and were very angry. Lin Xiangru said to them, "I'm not afraid of Qin. General Lian has nothing to be afraid of. Today, the state of Qin dare not attack our State of Zhao easily, because it has me and General Lian. If the two of us can't live in harmony, but attack each other, Qin will take the opportunity to invade Zhao. I avoided General Lian because I put the comfort of my country first and ignored my personal resentment. " His words greatly touched his subordinates. Since then, people in Lin Xiangru have followed his example and been humble to people in Lian Po.

This matter reached the ears of Lian Po, and Lian Po was deeply moved by Lin Xiangru's generosity. So he took off his coat, tied a cane on his back and went to Lin Xiangru's house to confess his sins. Seeing his sincere attitude, Lin Xiangru personally took off the scepter on his back and asked him to sit down. The two men frankly met and vowed to share life and death and become close friends.

High mountains and Running water

Yu Boya was a famous pianist in the Spring and Autumn Period. He is smart, studious and proficient in music, but he always feels that his piano skills are not superb enough. Boya's teacher knew his idea and took him to Penglai Island in the East China Sea to listen to the sound of the waves. Yu Boya lifted up his eyes and looked out, only to see the rough sea, splashing waves and seabirds roaring and singing, just like entering a fairyland. He couldn't help playing the piano, and his voice turned at will, blending the beauty of nature with the sound of the piano and experiencing an unprecedented realm.

One night, Yu Boya traveled by boat. Facing the cool breeze and bright moon, he was full of thoughts, so he played the piano again, and the sound of the piano was melodious and getting better. Suddenly, he heard someone clapping his hands on the shore, so he got out of the boat and saw a woodcutter standing on the shore. So Yu Boya invited the woodcutter aboard and began to play happily. When he played a song praising the mountains, the woodcutter said, "majestic and solemn, just like Mount Tai towering into the sky!" " "When he played the rough waves, the woodcutter said," It is as vast as the boundless sea! ""Yu Boya is very excited, he said excitedly, "bosom friend! You are really my bosom friend! " This woodcutter is Zhong Ziqi. Since then, they have become very good friends.

This idiom comes from this, which is a metaphor for bosom friends and wonderful music.

With honey in his mouth.

The idiom "honey in the mouth and sword in the belly" is a metaphor for a conspiracy that is sweet as honey, but harmful to people in the stomach.

Li was the prime minister of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty. He always tries his best to repel and attack those who have higher prestige and power than him. For Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, he also has a skill of flattery. He tried his best to accommodate Xuanzong, using various methods to please Xuanzong's favorite concubines and trusted eunuchs, and gained their favor and support to keep his position.

When interacting with people, Li always shows an amiable appearance and always says some beautiful "good words". But in fact, his character is very insidious and cunning, and he often harms people secretly. Once, he pretended to be sincere and said to his colleague Li, "Huashan produces a lot of gold." If it can be mined, it will greatly increase the wealth of the country. Unfortunately, the emperor still doesn't know. " Li thought it was true and hurried to suggest Xuanzong to mine quickly. Xuanzong was very happy to hear that. He immediately called Li to discuss the matter, but Li said, "I already know about it. Huashan Mountain is a place where the emperor's geomantic omen is concentrated. How can you use it casually? I'm afraid what others advise you and me is malicious. I tried to tell you about it several times, but I was afraid to speak. " Xuanzong was moved by his words and thought that he was really a loyal and patriotic courtier. He was extremely satisfied with Li, but gradually alienated from him.

In this way, Li has been a prime minister for more than ten years with his special "skill".

Provide their own services

In 25 1 BC, the army of Qin surrounded Handan, the capital of Zhao. The Prince of Zhao sent Ping Yuanjun to the State of Chu, demanding that the King of Chu and the Prince of Zhao unite against the State of Qin. Ping Yuanjun is going to choose 20 smart and brave people to go to Chu with him.

A man named Mao Sui recommended himself: "I heard that you are going to take 20 people to Chu, and now there is still one person missing. Please let me make up the number. " Ping Yuanjun was not familiar with Mao Sui and asked, "How many years has Mr. Wang been under my door?" "It's been three years." "Capable people are like awls. When you put it in your pocket, you can immediately see the tip of the awl pierce your pocket and come out. But you have been here for three years, and I have never heard anyone praise you, which means you have nothing. So you are not fit to go, so stay. " "Today, I want to ask you to put me in your pocket as an awl. If you put it in your pocket early, it's not just the awl tip that will come out of your pocket. I'm afraid the whole awl will come out. " Mao Sui replied. So Ping Yuanjun agreed to go with him.

On the way, in the conversation with Mao Sui, people in the same trade gradually realized that he was a great man and everyone admired him. Finally, he persuaded the King of Chu to form an alliance with Ping Yuanjun to fight against the State of Qin.

This idiom came from this and was later used to describe volunteering to do a certain job.

cheat

Mi Fei, a famous painter in Song Dynasty, loves to collect famous calligraphy and painting. Therefore, he did not hesitate to use deception to achieve his goal. On weekdays, as long as he hears that someone has a celebrity calligraphy and painting, he tries his best to borrow it, saying that it is for viewing, but it is actually copying. He can copy exactly the same thing as the original calligraphy and painting. Then, return the copy to others and leave the original. Sometimes, he even chooses the original and the copy to the original owner at the same time, and the original owner often falls for it and chooses his copy by mistake.

On one occasion, Mi Fei met Cai You on the boat, and Cai You took out the original work of Wang Xizhi, a calligrapher of the Jin Dynasty, and asked him to appreciate it. Mi Fei refused to let go at first sight and must exchange a painting with Cai You. Cai You disagreed, begged and pestered, and finally threatened to commit suicide by throwing himself into the river. Cai You had no choice but to agree to the exchange. There are many such things. At that time, people called Mi Fei's move "surprise".

Later, he used the metaphor of "surprise" to occupy other people's property or rights by despicable fraudulent means.

make three calls at the thatched cottage/repeatedly request sb to take up a post

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Bei inquired in many ways and learned that Zhuge Liang was outstanding in talent. He lived in Longzhong, twenty miles west of Xiangyang City, and made a special trip to visit Longzhong. For the first time, Liu Bei took Guan Yu and Zhang Fei to Wollongong in Longzhong and asked Zhuge Liang to come out and help him do things for his country. On this day, Zhuge Liang happened to go out, and Liu Bei had to go home disappointed. Soon, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei braved the snowstorm and invited Zhuge Liang out of the mountain for the second time. Unexpectedly, Zhuge Liang went out for a walk again. Zhang Fei doesn't want to come again. Zhuge Liang was not at home, so he was urged to go back. Liu Bei had to leave a letter expressing his admiration for Zhuge Liang and asking him to help him save the country's crisis. After a while, Liu Bei was a vegetarian for three days and invited Zhuge Liang again. At this time, Zhuge Liang was sleeping. Liu Bei dare not disturb him. He stood until Zhuge Liang woke up and sat down to talk to each other. They discuss the current situation, analyze the situation, and design a general plan for seizing political power and unifying the world. Liu Bei was so impressed that he was willing to accept Zhuge Liang as his teacher and asked him to come out of the mountain to help revive the Han Dynasty.

Liu Bei personally urged Zhuge Liang three times, which was called "three visits to the thatched cottage". Later, this idiom was used to express sincere invitation or many special visits.

Choose a suitable environment for children's education.

"Three-migration teaching" describes that loving mothers want their children to become talents, choose a good learning environment and educate their children well.

Mencius was a famous thinker and educator in the Warring States Period. He lost his father at the age of 3 and was raised by his mother. Meng Mu is a well-educated woman. In order to cultivate her son into a useful person, she attached great importance to Mencius' education.

There is a cemetery near Meng's home, and the funeral procession often passes by his door. Therefore, Mencius often imitated the cries of trumpeters and women in the ranks and went to the cemetery from time to time to play the trick of burying the dead. Meng Mu was very angry with his son for playing like this. He thought it was not promising and was not conducive to his study, so he moved his family to the city. Later, Meng Mu asked him to read The Analects and learn from Confucius. At first, Mencius was able to settle down to study, but his home was in a bustling city, and the voice of selling while the iron was hot and killing pigs was heard all day. He listened and listened, and he couldn't learn any more. Meng Mu found it difficult to concentrate on his studies when he lived in this place, so he moved to the opposite of Gong Xue in the east of the city. Gong Xue always has a loud sound of reading and a reading atmosphere. Mencius really settled down to study. Sometimes, he will go to Gong Xue to see how students study and practice etiquette with their teachers. When he came home, his competitors imitated it. Soon, Meng Mu sent him to Gong Xue to study the Book of Songs and the Book of History systematically, which made rapid progress. Later, Mencius finally became a famous Confucian after Confucius.

lay exposed/open to attacks on all sides

"Embattled on all sides" is a metaphor for being surrounded by enemies and being in a desperate situation of isolation and helplessness.

In 206 BC, a five-year Chu-Han war began between Xiang Yu, the overlord of Chu, and Liu Bang, the king of Han. In 202 BC, Xiang Yu retreated to Gaixia, ran out of ammunition and was surrounded by the Han army. By this time, Xiang Yu's troops had almost been wiped out, and the food was finished. However, Liu Bang's army was powerful in Mazhuang, with plenty of food and grass, and surrounded the Chu army several times, so it was difficult for Xiang Yu to break through the encirclement.

In order to completely disintegrate the fighting spirit of the Chu army, Liu Bang asked the Han army to sing Chu songs and let the Chu army think that the Han army occupied Chu. One night, Xiang Yu heard the songs of Chu from all directions and couldn't help thinking, "Has the Han army completely occupied Chu?" Why are there so many Chu people in Liu Bang's army? "He felt that the tide was gone and ordered people to put wine in the camp and drink to relieve their worries. That night, Xiang Yu led more than 800 cavalry, desperate to break through the encirclement and flee south. In the end, there were only 28 cavalry around, followed by thousands of Han troops. Desperate Xiang Yu drew his sword and killed himself in Wujiang River.

Just like a fish swimming to Jiang Taigong's fishing line without hook or bait-open your eyes and walk into a trap; Be a willing victim; Willing to fall into the trap

Metaphor squire fishing, willing to take the bait 】 【 willingly fall into a trap.

The squire surnamed Jiang is a hero who helps and destroys business. When he was not reused by King Wen, he lived in seclusion in a place near Weishui, Shaanxi. It was the area ruled by Zhou Wenwang, and Jiang Taigong hoped to attract the attention of King Wen and establish his achievements.

Taigong often fishes by the stream. Most people fish with a hook, and the bait is hung on the hook, and then it is submerged in the water to lure the fish into the bait. But Taigong's hook is straight, there is no bait on it, it does not sink into the water, and it is three feet away from the water. As he held the fishing rod high, he said to himself, "Fish that don't want to live, if you want, take the bait yourself!" "One day, a Chai Fu came to the stream and saw the squire fishing with a straight hook on the water without bait. He said to him, "old man, you can't catch a fish in 100 years!" Taigong raised his fishing rod and said, "To tell you the truth! I don't want to catch fish, but I want to catch the king and the marquis! "

Taigong's unique fishing method finally spread to Zhou Wenwang. When Zhou Wenwang found out, he sent a soldier to call him. But the squire ignored the soldiers and only cared about fishing by himself, saying to himself, "Fishing, fishing, fish don't bite, shrimp make trouble!" " After listening to the soldier's report, Zhou Wenwang appointed an official to invite the squire. However, Taigong still didn't answer. He said while fishing: "Fishing, fishing, big fish don't bite, small fish don't make trouble!" ""Zhou Wenwang realized that the fisherman must be a talented person and should invite him personally. So he was a vegetarian for three days, took a shower and changed clothes, and took a generous gift to hire Taigong.

Later, Jiang Taigong assisted King Wen to build a prosperous country and helped his son.