Some names are easy to remember and have good meanings. For example, the origin of our Han name' Han' means the Milky Way. There are some poems in The Book of Songs, such as' I am a cloud man, Zhao Hui is in the sky',' Wei Tian has Han, and prison has light'.
At the end of Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang's fief was in Hanzhong County, so it was called' Hanwang'. Hanzhong County is named after the Hanshui River. In summer, it is in the same direction as the Milky Way. On the ground, it is called the Milky Way-Han. In the cognition of the ancients, the Milky Way across the sky and the Hanshui across the Yellow River and the Yangtze River formed a correspondence between heaven and earth.
Therefore, the motto that the Han nationality is actually a' galaxy family' and our journey is the sea of stars' is very appropriate.
Haha, just kidding.
The names of many dynasties are often used by different founding monarchs because of their beautiful meanings and great significance. Another example is "Han". There are many regimes in history, such as Western Han Dynasty (Liu Bang), Eastern Han Dynasty (Liu Xiu), Shu Han Dynasty (Liu Bei), Later Han Dynasty (Liu Zhiyuan), Northern Han Dynasty (Liu Chong), Cheng Han (Li Shou), Zhao Han (Liu Yuan) and Chen Han (Chen Youliang).
However, there was a dynasty whose name was passed down from an ancient country, but its users often suffered bad luck, the country was short-lived, and even its descendants were slaughtered, which can be described as a sad reminder.
This is Zhou. Let's make a detailed inventory.
After hard work and cutting the Zhou Dynasty, the enfeoffment system of the Zhou Dynasty was formally established. The ruler was honored as the son of heaven, and twelve kings were handed down in the Western Zhou Dynasty, which lasted for more than 200 years and ruled the world a lot, and he died naturally.
In the eyes of Confucianism, He and the two kings are the ideal kings admired by Confucianism, the king models of Confucian political values, and the objects that emperors of past dynasties yearned for and imitated, so they gave great expectations to the title of' Zhou'.
However, this title should be cursed For example, after the demise of the Western Zhou Dynasty, there were many problems in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.
The prestige of the Eastern Zhou emperor declined rapidly, and the rule area was less than half of that of ordinary vassal States, which existed in name only. Although the Eastern Zhou Dynasty lasted for more than 500 years, the son of heaven had no sense of existence.
At that time, it was the "five tyrants" in the Spring and Autumn Period and the seven heroes in the Warring States Period who stepped onto the historical stage. The princes were in power all over the world, and Zhou Tianzi almost became a puppet. It must be extremely wronged.
Later, it was not difficult for the king of Qin to destroy Zhou. There are probably no emperors to count in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.
What we are talking about here is the Northern Zhou Dynasty in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Later Zhou Dynasty in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. There are many similarities between the two Zhou Dynasties.
First of all, they are short-lived.
Yu Wentai, the powerful minister of the Northern Wei Dynasty, seized the opportunity of troubled times and established the Western Wei Dynasty. His son, Yu Wenxuan, was Zen in the Western Wei Dynasty in 557 AD, and his name was Zhou, which was called' Northern Zhou' in history. But 24 years later, in 58 1 year, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty usurped the throne and the Northern Zhou Dynasty perished.
The last week is even shorter, only 10 years. In the first month of 19951year, Guo Wei was given a yellow robe, and the founding of the Han Dynasty was called "Zhou", which was called "Hou Zhou" in history. But in 960, he did the same thing, launched a mutiny in Chen Qiao and wiped out Zhou. 10 calendar san huang, this dynasty is really short-lived.
Secondly, there is a very talented monarch.
Yuwen Yong, the fourth son of Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and his two brothers, Yu Wenjue and Yu Wenyu, were all poisoned by the powerful minister Yuwen Hu. Yuwen Yong hid his strength in private, killed Yuwen Hu in one fell swoop, and was in power.
After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty came to power, he respected Confucianism and suppressed Taoism, and vigorously resumed production. In view of the phenomenon that Buddhist temples occupied a large area at that time, which hindered production, Yuwen Yong began a vigorous campaign to destroy Buddhism.
It took a long time for Emperor Wu of Zhou to destroy the Buddha, involving a wide range and touching deeply. The success of the Northern Zhou Dynasty's campaign to destroy Buddhism greatly enhanced the national strength.
After laying a solid material foundation, Liang Wudi made two personal expeditions, destroyed the Northern Qi and unified the North, ending the separatist situation since the split of the Eastern and Western Wei Dynasties for nearly half a century.
There was Sejong Chai Rong in the later Zhou Dynasty. Chai Rong was the adopted son (and nephew) of Guo Wei, the great ancestor of the Zhou Dynasty. Guo Wei's philosophers were all killed by the later Han Dynasty, and Chai Rong proclaimed himself the emperor, Sejong.
Zhou Shizong respected Confucianism, implemented the system of land equalization and resumed production. Similar to Yu Wenyong, Sejong also launched the movement to destroy Buddha.
In the second year of Xiande (955), Sejong issued a decree to cut down monks and nuns, demolish Buddhist temples and prohibit private monks and nuns, stipulating that all monasteries except those confirmed by the government should be demolished.
Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty and his subsequent campaign to destroy Buddhism dealt a great blow to Buddhism. Buddhism juxtaposes these two actions with the other two actions of Wei Wudi and Tang Wuzong, calling them "the disaster of the three armed forces case".
Under the political clarity, the national strength of the later Zhou Dynasty increased rapidly. Later, Sejong Chai Rong marched eastward and westward, and fought southward and northward. In just six years, the anti-Northern Han Dynasty destroyed the Southern Tang Dynasty, and even hit sixteen states in Youyun for a time, making the Later Zhou Dynasty the most powerful regime in the Five Dynasties.
In the end, all the men died young, leaving orphans and widows usurped.
In the first year of Zheng Xuan (578), Yuwen Yong, Emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, led an army to attack the Turks, and later withdrew due to illness. He died at the age of 36 and passed it on to his eldest son, Yu Wenyun.
After Yuwen Yun died of illness, Emperor Jing of Zhou acceded to the throne, leaving behind the dictatorship of Emperor Wen of Sui, the prime minister. The daughter of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty is the queen of Yu Wenyun, which means that Emperor Jing of Zhou is the grandson of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty.
Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty managed state affairs as a consort. In 58 1 year, Emperor Wen of Sui changed his name to Sui in the Northern Zhou Dynasty and usurped the throne of his grandson.
In the process of seizing power and usurping the throne, Emperor Wendi of the Sui Dynasty killed several Xianbei chiefs and Yuwen nobles in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, killed 25 descendants of Yu Wentai, destroyed the kings and almost destroyed the whole Yuwen family.
The following week was also miserable. In the sixth year of Xiande (959), Zhou Shizong fought with the Khitan and led the army to Cangzhou. The Khitan army fled or surrendered, and the army in the later Zhou Dynasty was in full swing.
Just as Zhou Shizong was preparing to March into Youzhou, he was seriously ill and led his troops back to North Korea. In the summer, Zhou Shizong died in the capital of song dynasty at the age of 39.
Chai Zongxun, who acceded to the throne by the Duke of Zhou, was only seven years old. In the second year, Zhao Kuangyin lied about his military situation in front of the temple and launched a mutiny against Chen Qiao with a great army. There was little resistance. Gong Di Zen, Zhao Kuangyin built the Song Dynasty.
Of course, Zhao Kuangyin didn't do everything to keep Chai Zongxun alive. Chai Jin, the chief commander of Chai in Water Margin, is a descendant of Chai in the late Zhou Dynasty.
The two Zhou dynasties had a good momentum of development, but the talented monarchs died of sudden illness, laying the foundation for unity, but others picked the fruit.
This "Zhou" dynasty was not an orthodox dynasty in a strict sense, but it still played a very important role in the history of China.
The founder and ruler is Wu Zetian, the only female emperor in ancient China, known as' Wu Zhou'.
After many years in power, Wu Zetian officially acceded to the throne in 690. Because Wu Zetian claimed to be the teacher of Zhenguan, he promised that he would be behind Wang Wen, so his founding name was Zhou.
As a generation of Empress, Wu Zetian can be called a brilliant British monarch in the history of China. During her reign, she promoted agricultural production by implementing the system of equal land, thus greatly increasing her population.
Politically, in the early stage, cruel officials were used to crack down on the opposition, and in the later stage, people were made good use of. Famous ministers include "Kaiyuan wise men" Di, Yao Chong and Song Jing. Militarily, the four towns of Anxi were recovered and the northern court was established to protect the government.
Wu Zetian was the daughter-in-law of the Li family in the Tang Dynasty, and her son surnamed Li. It was difficult to pass on the throne to her nephew, which was a congenital deficiency.
In the first month of the first year of Shenlong (705), Prime Minister Zhang Jianzhi forced Wu Zetian to step down, restored Crown Prince Li Xian and honored Huang Wu as the Great Sage Emperor, which was a coup for Shenlong. In February, the country was restored to the Tang Dynasty, and Wu Zhou perished.
After the death of Wu Zetian, Wu's descendants were in power for several years. Later, he was involved in several imperial coups in the Tang Dynasty and almost died.
This short-lived Zhou Dynasty lasted only 15 years, which was far from the Western Zhou Dynasty in Zhou Wenwang.
There is also the Zhou Dynasty, which is a joke in history. This is the' Wu Zhou' established when Wu Sangui rebelled against the Qing Dynasty.
As a famous traitor in history, Wu Sangui betrayed the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty successively, and was nailed to the shame column of history.
In Kangxi 12 (1673), Kangxi ordered the withdrawal of the governors, and Wu Sangui joined forces with two other governors to launch a rebellion, claiming to be the king of Zhou, the marshal of the land and water in the world and the general of Xingming.
At first, it made good progress, but it was unpopular and gradually lost power under the weight of the Qing Dynasty. I may be addicted to it. In the seventeenth year of Kangxi (1678), Wu Sangui proclaimed himself emperor in Hengzhou, Hunan Province, with the title of Zhou, and Jianyuan Zhaowu.
In the autumn of the same year, he died in Changsha. He really died of drug addiction.
His grandson Wu Shizhen succeeded to the throne and retired to Yunnan. In the twentieth year of Kangxi (168 1), the Qing army besieged Kunming, Wu Shifan committed suicide, the rest of the people surrendered, and the regime of Wu Zhou perished, which lasted for three years.
Wu Sangui's descendants were all killed, including babies.
Wu Sangui used the title' Zhou' for the sake of King Wen and his martial arts strategy, but the name traitor was unpopular.
The title of "Zhou" has a lofty position in the minds of emperors, generals and scholars. The prosperity and benevolence of the Zhou Dynasty have always inspired the rulers to make great efforts to govern the country.
But apart from the Western Zhou Dynasty, these dynasties named after Zhou were either underdeveloped or short-lived. I think their names are cursed by heaven.
Although there are rulers who know how to make good use of people, conform to the trend and sympathize with the people, the destiny is not there.
The most tragic thing is the imperial clan. Except for the descendants of Chai in the late Zhou Dynasty who survived because of their kindness, other imperial families were basically slaughtered, so why bother to be born in the imperial family? ?
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War and the stock market, the most intuitive display of human greed.