Han Xin (? -Former 196) Military strategist in the early Han Dynasty, born in Huaiyin (now Jiangsu). After the uprising of Chen Sheng and Guangwu, Han Xin began to vote for Xiang Liang, followed by Xiang Yu, and then from Liu Bang (see Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang). In the first year of Emperor Gaozu, Prime Minister Xiao He recommended him as a general, and assisted Liu Bang in formulating a general plan to decide the Three Qin Dynasties to win the world.
(1) profile
1. A butcher in Huaiyin insulted Han Xin and said, "Although I grew up, I like to wear swords, but I am afraid of my ears." And publicly insulted him and said, "stab me if you can die;" No, come out of your crotch. " Han Xin looked at each other for a long time, slowly lowered himself and climbed out from under his crotch. People in the street laughed at Han Xin and thought he was a coward.
2. At the end of the ill-fated Qin Dynasty, Xiang Liang rose up against Qin and crossed the Huaihe River in the north. At this time, Han Xin went to Xiang Liang with his sword and stayed in the army, unknown. After Xiang Liang's defeat, he returned to Xiang Yu, who made him a doctor. Han Xin made many suggestions to Xiang Yu, but Xiang Yu refused to accept them.
3. From Chu to Han, Han Xin left the Chu army and defected to Liu Bang, who was still a small official who managed the warehouse in obscurity. Later, Han Xin sat down and beheaded. Thirteen people in the same case have been beheaded, and it will be Han Xin's turn soon. Han Xin looked up at the sun and said, "What if you don't want to go to heaven?" What do you mean, kill a strong man! Xia Houying saw this man's outstanding literary talent and formidable appearance. He talked with him and admired him very much, so he advised Hanwang. Hanwang appointed Han Xin as the official position in charge of expenses, but found nothing unusual about him.
4. Xiao He chased Han Xin and Han Xin under the moon and talked with Xiao He many times. He was appreciated by Xiao He, but he was never reused by Liu Bang, so he was left by Mingyue. Xiao He heard that Han Xin had left and rode after Han Xin before reporting to Liu Bang. After catching up with Han Xin, Xiao He asked Han Xin why he had to leave. Han Xin said, "Hanwang doesn't trust me and doesn't need me. There's no point in me staying here. I want to find someone else. " Xiao He said, "Don't go yet. Come back with me. If Hanwang doesn't make you a general this time, it's not too late for you to go again. " Under Xiao He's repeated entreaties, Han Xin reluctantly went back with Xiao He.
The more soldiers Han Xinfen has, the better. On one occasion, Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang and Han Xin talked about the military talents of generals in the DPRK. Later, Liu Bang asked Han Xin, "How many troops do you think I can command?" Han Xin said, "Your Majesty, you can command 100,000 people at most." Liu Bang asked again, "How many soldiers can you take?" Han Xin said, "The more troops I take, the better." Reflect Han Xin's self-confidence.
6. Take the plank road and run away. Liu Bang and Han Xin agreed on an auspicious day of the ecliptic in August of the first year, and began the crusade. At that time, the plank road was burned down and it was impossible to March. Asked how Han Xin joined the army, Han Xin put forward the plan of "building a plank road in an orderly way and sneaking into Chencang", so he sent hundreds of soldiers and pretended to build a plank road, but he led the three armies and quietly set off from Nanzheng.
7. Cut off the water. In September of the third year of Hanwang (204 BC), Han Xin confronted the Qi and Chu allied forces in Weishui. Han Xin secretly sent people to fill more than 10,000 sandbags overnight, blocking the upper reaches of the Weihe River and making the lower reaches shallower. The next morning. When the Qi-Chu allied forces just arrived at the center of the river, Han Xin secretly ordered the Han army lying in ambush in the upper reaches to pull open sandbags. The swift current cut the Qi-Chu allied forces across the river into two sections, and countless soldiers were swept away by the flood. Han Xin turned to kill the past and wiped out the Qi and Chu allied forces crossing the river. The king of Qi fled, especially (commander in chief of the Qi-Chu allied forces) died. Seeing that the commander-in-chief was dead, the Qi-Chu allied forces, who had stayed on the east coast and had not yet crossed the river, abandoned their armour and soldiers and fled hastily. In this way, the Han army occupied the whole territory of Qi in one fell swoop.
8. In December of the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu (202 BC), the two armies of Chu and Han fought a decisive battle here (now Lingbi South, Anhui). Liu Bang took Han Xin as the main commander in chief, commanding all armies in a unified way. Xiang Yu commanded ten Wan Chu armies and stormed the positions of the Han army from the front. Han Xin adopted the typical flank attack tactics, which made China's army retreat slightly, avoided the sharp spirit of Chu army, spread its wings, carried out a side attack, and then advanced China's army to complete the camp in one fell swoop. At night, Han Xin besieged the Han army, and the Chu army lost its fighting spirit and was annihilated by the Han army. Xiang Yu saw that the tide was gone and stuck to the Wujiang River. The five-year Chu-Han War ended with Hanwang and Liu Bang winning the world.
(2) Comments by famous artists
Liu Yuxi: I will be a soldier, I will be a hero, and I will bow and sigh. Therefore, those who let future generations step onto the altar are all afraid of making meritorious deeds. (Han Xin Temple)
Qian Ruoshui (Song Dynasty): Although he was good at building altars, he was deeply concerned about his own time. If the dragon knows the same beak, the general should have the heart of five lakes. (Han Xin Temple)
Zhang Lei (Song Dynasty): Ascending the altar and winning the championship in one day, Zhong Shi hastily missed Kuai Tong. If you can punish anyone with a plan, you will end up ashamed of Xiao Gong. ("Han" wrote)
(Ming) Yuan Chonghuan: A meal is rewarded to a gentleman, and a high wind stirs up vulgar ears. How to repay gratitude, disaster is the beginning of gratitude. What is a husband? If he succeeds, he can die. The ancient spirit has changed, so I asked red pine nuts. Your innocence is precious, but your back is precocious. If you listen to Kuai Tong, you will get tired of your name. When you die, you don't have to blame Lv Zhi. (Han Huaiyin Temple)
(Qing) Zhou Yongnian: All the cities laughed and all the armed forces were surprised. Only when you know the true nation can you ignore the group feelings. Chu and Han are important, and heroes go out. How can you not swim or fish all your life? Diaohuaiyin Hou
(Qing): In the eyes of Emperor Gao, there are only two men. Huaiyin is a scholar and a heavy pupil. He is dead and the general is here. Is it possible to wait until the exam is over? ("Hou Ling, the Wall Walker")
(Qing) Bao Bin: A bird with a good bow is bound to hide. Just a meal is still rewarding, and I am willing to take Hanwang as my minister. (Huaiyin Hou Miao)
(3) the use of materials
Topic 1: Emotion and cognition of things
Material handling: the same thing will have different evaluations when placed in different people. In my memory, the word "resilient" seems to have been coined because of Han Xin. It seems that "Han Xin" represents our nation's strongest explanation of resilience: a man should be resilient. Look at Han Xin. He can climb out of a ruffian's crotch and later become a general of Liu Bang, even worse than Fan Kuai and Zhou Bo who have followed Hanwang for many years and fought many battles!
In fact, it is only a shame for a dignified person to use Han Xin's method without resistance in the face of power and crawl under other people's pants, which is not a glorious thing. Imagine if Han Xin didn't have any "achievements" in the future, just a little bastard who lived by muddy bandits. Then, will people turn to comment and say, "That's a shameless thing since childhood." But we praised Han Xin's behavior of crawling out of the crotch of the local ruffians and hooligans as a great move. Is it because Han Xin came to power later? In life, it often happens that "bean curd residue" becomes "a flower". In the final analysis, it is all caused by feelings. (Excerpted from Shame Han Xin)
Topic 2: turning point
Material handling: Han Xin is one of the greatest military geniuses in the history of China, so Liu Bang said: "If you transport a million troops, you will win every battle and attack them unprepared." Any battle is classic: "build a plank road, hide the darkness", "Muying cross the river", "Eastward Transfer", "Less wins more", "Embattled" and "besieged". It's a pity that he didn't know how to change himself at the turning point of his form and eventually became a tragic hero.
Han Xin had a wonderful time. He can go against the trend in troubled times, endure humiliation, persist in his ideals, and finally achieve great things. But the world is fixed, so he can't adjust himself to be diligent, to understand the changes of the times, and to cherish the precious friendship brought by his efforts forever. His indecision and selfishness ruined Bai Ji's future on the spot. For a capable hero, no matter how bad the environment is, it is not enough to crush him. On the contrary, it is an excellent opportunity to create heroes in the current situation. But we must remember that the most dangerous situation for heroes is the day of peace, and peace and prosperity are the active stage for "politicians." Heroes should assess the situation, find their own values, stick to the way of advancing and retreating, and understand the truth that "you can win the world at once, but you can't win the world at once". If Han Xin had known that things had changed for the better, he would not have died. (Excerpted from the excellent composition "Turning Point" of Beijing College Entrance Examination in 2003)
Topic 3: Personality and Fate
Material handling: Han Xin's death is a pity, and many people have explored the causes of his tragedy. However, the focus of people's debate, either focusing on the criticism of feudal rulers and their autocratic system, or focusing on the refutation of whether Han Xin rebelled, failed to really reveal the nature of his tragedy. The composition of Han Xin's tragedy is only one aspect of the cruelty of the feudal rulers headed by Liu Bang, and the most direct reason is Han Xin's own personality defect. Han Xin has both kindness to repay kindness and narrowness to repay; There are both heroic talents who have swept away the army and the arrogance of the market. This antinomy between heroic talent and market spirit is a prominent feature of his personality and an important reason for his life tragedy. (Excerpted from Personality Defect and the Death of Han Xin)
Topic 4: Personality
Material handling: People often say that the humiliation of Han Xin's legs is the general's fault, a humiliation and a great talent, but I suspect there is something wrong.
Han Xin was a teenager when he was humiliated by cheating. At that time, he didn't know that he had a son's tooth and would have Guanzhong's talent in the future. No one knows that nothing will happen to Han Xin when he is successful. How can he say that he is a great genius? Therefore, Han Xin was humiliated by his legs, which had nothing to do with his later battlefield. However, it is far-fetched for later generations to say that Han Xin can endure humiliation and become a great talent after fully understanding Han Xin's life.
Han Xin was humiliated by his legs, which was actually Han Xin's brazen behavior and lack of integrity. China culture attaches great importance to personality and self-esteem. "Don't eat what you get." China people have long advocated "five buckets of rice without folding". Han Xin's loss of personality is reflected in the humiliation of his legs. Even after Han Xin became a general and made great contributions, many people still called him "shameless crotch husband". Why? Does this have nothing to do with his loss of personality? So I read the history today and lamented that it was a long time ago that the world misinformed that Han Xin was "humiliated by leg lifts". I don't advocate the world to learn from Han Xin, but advocate the value of personality. (Excerpted from comment Han Xin)
Topic 5: The feet are shorter and the inches are longer.
Material plus 1: no one is perfect, and it is impossible to be useless. Although the ruler is longer than the inch, it is not long enough: the inch is shorter than the ruler, but it is also useful to play. "Gold is not full of red, jade has leisure" and "a fool gets what he thinks" all illustrate this truth. There is an interesting record in Historical Records. One day, Liu Bang and Han Xin chatted. Liu asked, "Who can love Qing and who can love me?" Korea and Japan: "On leading troops, it is not as good as me. I believe that the more soldiers, the better. " Liu asked again, "Why is Qing under my control?" Han said, "You can't trust a good general." Han Xin's answer is really wonderful. It not only protects the face of the emperor's old son, but also tells the truth that everyone has his own strengths. No wonder Liu Bang smiled proudly after hearing this. (Excerpted from "The ruler is shorter, the inch is longer")
Theme 6: Benefits
Material handling: Han Xin and Zhong Limei are "forever good". In order to change his position in Liu Bang's mind, he even took his friend's head to please Liu Bang and betrayed his friend's trust in him. Zhong Limei's head didn't get peace for him. Finally, he was hurt by Xiao He and * * * who admired him most. Plus his Jiuzu, Xiao He, then the prime minister, was the patron of Han Xin. It should be said that Han Xin has a good relationship. At this time, in order to save Bai Ji, he had to yield to Lv Hou's will and frame Han Xin. As a result, Xiao He was promoted from prime minister to prime minister, and 5,000 food cities were sealed. Confucius said that "a gentleman is righteous and a villain is beneficial". Throughout the ages, are there people who ignore interests for the sake of justice? (Excerpted from "The Real Reason for Han Xin's Punishment")
Topic 7: How to select people?
Material processing: Tai Shigong vividly shows the tragic history of Han Xin in Huaiyin. In the historical Armageddon between Chu and Han, Han Xin, Duke of Huaiyin, was the one who could win the battle and decide the victory or defeat. However, even this brilliant general was once ill-fated and almost drowned and swallowed up by the tide of history. Not to mention, "when I started out as a cloth, I was as poor as a church mouse, so I couldn't choose to be an official without a job;" I can't rule a businessman "; I suffered "the humiliation of my leg, and many people hate it"; Even when I was in trouble, I still couldn't send it to Huagai in the early Han Dynasty. Low status, mediocrity and even death, Chu returned to Han, followed by death.
The ancients said: "With copper as a mirror, you can dress your clothes;" Taking history as a mirror, we can see the rise and fall; " Take people as a mirror, you can know the gains and losses. "Han Xin died in Huaiyin and returned to Han, isn't it a mirror of history? He looked at himself in the mirror, and after being reused, he also reused sages and wise men, even if the users were capitulationists. Guangwujun is the man. Han Xin asked about him and said, "Priscilla is dying, but she is afraid of death, but she dominates Qin. He is not stupid but wise in Qin, using or not, listening or not. " This clarifies the crux and essence of employing people. So it is not difficult to see that the dead and the returned are tied to the word "use". If you don't use it, you will die, and if you use it, you will return. (Excerpted from "On Han Xin's Death and Chu's Return to Han")
(4) Display of finished products
Trap (Henan Volume, 2003)
He frowned and put his hands behind his back, walking slowly step by step, going to this end, turning back, going to that end and then turning back. The wick incense burns slowly in front of the hall, and smoke fills the air. Outside the hall, the angel sent by Lv Hou dropped his hands and waited quietly.
Han Xin hesitated. This man, who once spoke bravely on the battlefield and acted decisively and calmly, hesitated. Lv Hou sent someone to invite him to a banquet to celebrate the victory of Hanwang. Vaguely, he felt a little danger, and with his years of battlefield experience, he felt it. He understands that a dead rabbit cooks a dog, but he didn't expect this bad luck to come so early. So, Hanwang has decided to get rid of him? Although he was deprived of the royal power, he only kept the name of a general.
Sweat oozed from his palm. If he doesn't go, how can he explain to Lv Hou? He looked up at the messenger and happened to meet his eyes. The emissary did not shy away, but said softly, "Premier Xiao will also attend."
This sentence by Lv Hou confessed in advance seems to have scored Han Xin's heart, and his eyes suddenly lit up:
"Prime Minister Xiao!" Yes, Premier Xiao is his close friend and mentor. Han Xin looked at the lingering smoke, lost in thought?
People in the same town laughed and asked him to climb under their legs. Han Xin bent down slowly.
The floating mother brings him food every day, although she is too poor to make a living by washing clothes herself.
He slowly walked out of Liu Bang's tent and sighed at the bright moon, filled with confusion and pain.
He walked aimlessly with the escaped soldiers. There was a hoofbeat behind him, and Xiao He's clear voice penetrated his heart like a cold moonlight: "Han Xin, you stay!" Then there is the moonlight, which is about the heart melody.
That night, he smiled knowingly, as pure as a full moon.
"Yes, Premier Xiao is my confidant for many years. Without him, I wouldn't be here today. " Han Xin raised his eyebrows and sighed heavily, regaining his former look: "Let's go." The messenger gave an imperceptible mysterious smile.
Han Xin briskly jumped into the carriage that greeted him. The carriage clattered, raising the dust of the years and heading for the dying central palace. On that day, Han Xin didn't leave Weiyang Palace, and he never will.