1, Longmen Grottoes were selected into the World Heritage List according to the World Cultural Heritage Selection Criteria C(I)(II)(III). It is one of the four largest grottoes in China. The other four grottoes are Yungang Grottoes, Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes and Maijishan Grottoes.

2. Longmen Grottoes, located at13km south of Luoyang, Henan, are called the three treasures of ancient Buddhist grottoes in China together with Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu and Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi. Longmen Grottoes were excavated when Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty moved to Luoyang (AD 494). Until the Northern Song Dynasty, there were more than 10 million Buddha statues and more than 2,300 grottoes. 196 1 was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council.

3. Wei Cave-In 493 AD, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty began to dig Guyang Cave in Longmen Mountain. From 500 to 523, Xuan Wudi and Emperor Xiaoming of the Northern Wei Dynasty successively excavated three large caves in the north, south and middle of Binyang Cave. The construction of Shiyang Cave and Binyang Cave cost more than 800,000 yuan, and caves such as Fangzi Cave and Lianhua Cave were also dug during the Northern Wei Dynasty. Grottoes in the Northern Dynasties were all located in Longmen Mountain, and Guyang Cave was built for more than 50 years from Emperor Xiaowen to the end of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, showing many China art forms, and the posture of the giant Buddha changed from the majestic Yungang Grottoes to the gentle and amiable Longmen Grottoes. The Buddha statue represented by the main Buddha in Binyang Middle Cave is smiling. Longmen Grottoes show more China art Buddha statues than Yungang Grottoes.

4. Tang Grottoes-The most prosperous period was the Tang Dynasty, accounting for more than 60% of the total number of grottoes. During the reign of Wu Zetian, most of the grottoes in the Tang Dynasty were excavated, which was related to her long-term presence in Luoyang. Fengxian Temple is the most representative Tang grottoes, which took four years. The two Bodhisattvas are 70 feet tall, and Ye Jia, Ananda, King Kong and God King are 50 feet each (the length of the Tang Dynasty). Its scale is the first in Longmen Grottoes. Among them, Wu Zetian donated 20,000 yuan to help build it.

5. Longmen 20 series products are the treasures of Wei stele calligraphy art. Representing the stele style of Wei Dynasty, it is the font in the transition from official script to regular script, including Guyangdong 19 and Cixiang kiln.