The founding period
After the liberation of Guangzhou, Jiang Fang Command of Guangdong Military Region was established. Although it is later in time and smaller in scale than the navy of the East China Military Region, this "navy" unit in South China is the first to systematically name the ships under its jurisdiction. These small ships, mainly gunboats and landing craft, are named after revolutionary words such as "liberation", "struggle", "advance", "pioneer" and "courage", while the small landing craft is named "assault xx".
On the occasion of the first anniversary of its establishment, the East China Navy held a flag-raising ceremony for named ships. The main rule of this naming is that escort ships [abbreviated as "escort destroyers", later called "frigates"] are named after cities.
Such as the "Nanchang" ship; Gunboats are named after counties, such as the "Xingguo" ship; Inland river gunboats are named after rivers, such as the "Yangtze River" ship; Large landing ships are named after mountains, such as Jinggangshan ship; Medium landing ships are named after rivers, such as the Yellow River. Large infantry landing craft and tank landing craft are named after villages and towns, such as Gutian and Nianzhuang. Minesweepers are named after the wind, such as the "autumn wind" boat; Tugboats, landing craft, oil tankers, gunboats, etc. It is named in the form of Chinese characters such as "drag", "board", "oil" and "cannon" plus three digits.
With the appearance of some new ships of the People's Navy, the naming forms have also increased. Like frigates, destroyers are named after cities. Submarine hunting [formerly known as "submarine destroyer"] is named after the country, such as "Suzhou" boat; Medium-sized submarines are named "New China xx", such as "New China 1 1" submarines; Small submarines are named "National Defense xx", such as "National Defense 2 1" submarine.
Among minesweepers, two 254-type base minesweepers imported from the Soviet Union were named Taierzhuang and Shijiazhuang, and the imported 6605 were named Changxindian, Zhoukoudian, Qingfengdian and Shajiadian, with store names attached [the subsequent 66 10 model has not been named].
A large number of imported and produced torpedo speedboats are numbered only by numbers [the East China Navy once proposed to name torpedo speedboats after combat heroes, but it was not approved by its superiors]. In addition, medium-sized and above oil tankers began to be named after lakes [such as "Poyang Lake" ship], becoming the earliest military auxiliary ship named after lakes by the People's Navy.
According to the naming method of East China Navy, Qingdao Naval Base named a number of recruited, purchased but unnamed ships, and some well-known ship names such as Yichuan, Yuncheng and Tongbaishan were actually "added" in this unified naming. Compared with Qingdao Port Base and East China Navy, the navy of Central South Military Region was developed from Guangdong Jiang Fang Army and Lushun Base, and the names of ships received by Soviet troops were relatively irregular.
After the Central South Navy changed its name to Fleet, only the escort Nanning and the 6604 submarine were named after Zhou, while the names of ships recorded in history, such as Baihe, Guihai, Guoji, Dongshan and Juzhen, were actually the names of merchant ships.
As for the Lushun base, only two escort ships and a mine-laying ship were given to China as trophies of the Soviet Union, so it was not named again, and it was only called No.48, No.49 and No.50.. [48 and 49 are actually Soviet numbers, and 50 is an extension of our army; As for the statement that No.49 is called "Jilin" and No.50 is called "Hengyang", there is actually no evidence]
On the ship number, the earliest ship number was used after the reorganization of East China naval vessels. The original ship number is related to the fleet (predecessor of the fleet detachment). For example, the landing ship of the Fifth Fleet has a prefix of 5, the escort ships of the Sixth Fleet and the Seventh Fleet have a prefix of 6 and 7 respectively, and the Jiang Fang Fleet has a prefix of 8.
But these numbers are not painted on the bow like the later ship numbers, but only on lifebuoys, life jackets and so on. And the name of the ship is still indicated by the name plate or words on the bow, for the sake of confidentiality.
In public, it is even necessary to use a "warship code" different from the number [take Nanchang as an example, in military publications such as People's Navy, it is "7 1 1 warship", but in the published People's Liberation Army Pictorial, it is "160 warship"]. The main ships of the East China Navy [North Sea Fleet] began to use real ship numbers, and the compilation of ship numbers began to be directly related to the types of ships, such as the prefix 6 for submarine chaser, the prefix 8 for escort ships and gunboats, and the prefix 3 for landing ships.
The ship numbers of Qingdao base and Lushun base are similar to those of East China Navy, but their prefixes are completely different, such as destroyer with prefix 3 [initial short-term use 1], submarine with prefix 4 [small submarine using 2], gunboat with prefix 5 and landing ship with prefix 7.
South China Navy [South China Sea Fleet] is even more unique, adding the word "3-" before its ship number to show the difference. The main combat ships, including frigates, gunboats, submarine hunters, minesweepers and landing ships, all have the ship numbers of 3- 1xx, and the mantissa of the same type of ships is the same. For example, the ship numbers of six 604 hunting submarines in the South China Sea range from 3- 103 to 3- 153.
Because the ship numbers in this period were compiled by the fleets (bases) themselves, there was not only a lack of systematic historical data, but also a certain degree of confusion. For example, the East China Navy has both five-headed landing ships and five-headed gunboats.
Naming stagnation period
The arrangement of naval ship numbers is gradually unified, but the naming is stagnant. Except for the submarine and the first batch of 037 anti-submarine escort boats named "Quanzhou" and "Xinzhou", the ship has not been given a new name for a long time, for unknown reasons.
The ship numbers of naval vessels of Class III and above are unified into three digits. The prefix of the new ship number 1 is submarine, the first half of prefix 2 is destroyer, frigate and gunboat, and the second half is submarine hunting; The first half of prefix 3 is a landing ship and the second half is a minesweeper. [After the appearance of new ships such as missile nuclear submarines and nuclear submarines, the 663 1 missile nuclear submarines were named as "National Defense 10 1" with the ship number11; The ship number of the 09-I nuclear submarine was 170 1, which was later named "Long March1"]
The ship numbers of naval auxiliary ships have also been unified. Except for a few "Huzi" oil tankers, the ship numbers of auxiliary ships are all ship names, in the form of "sea" plus Chinese characters indicating the ship type, followed by numerical numbers, such as "offshore oil", "seawater", "sea mark", "sea repair", "rescue at sea" and "sea rise" (from the beginning).
Small ships below Class III (mainly speedboats, escort boats, minesweepers, landing boats, etc.). ) is still numbered by each fleet. Take the 3-60 1 boat and 3-6 1 1 boat in the August 6th naval battle as examples. When they joined the war, they had just been transferred from the East China Sea Fleet to the South China Sea, and the two old numbers 582 and 587 were painted on their foreheads. From this, we can clearly see the difference in the number of escort boats between the two fleets, while the number of escort boats of the North Sea Fleet in the same period was.
The final unification of the numbering and naming of naval vessels
The arrangement of ship numbers of all ships in the People's Navy has finally been unified. Three-digit ship numbers are used for ships of Class III and above: destroyer 1, conventional submarines 2 and 3, nuclear submarines 4, frigates 5, anti-submarine escort boats 6 and 7, minesweepers 8 and landing ships 9.
Four-digit ship numbers are used below level 3: the first digit 0-9 indicates ten naval bases from north to south (0 is the test base), and the second digit indicates the type (1 missile speedboat; 2 torpedo speedboat; 3 escort ships; 4 minesweeper; 5 landing craft), the third and fourth places are numbers.
The ship side number of the military auxiliary ship is 1 letter plus three numbers, and the letters indicate the ship type, such as B for cable laying ship, E for diving work ship, H for beacon ship, K for survey ship, Q for crane ship and X for liquid cargo carrier. The types of boats, target boats and barges are represented by Chinese characters, such as "North Crossing", "North Target" and "East Barge".
The People's Navy formulated the Regulations on Naming Naval Ships, but it didn't come into effect until the Regulations were slightly revised. On the "August 1st" Festival, the navy named the ships with "the great rivers and mountains of the motherland".
Destroyers and frigates are named after cities; Conventional power torpedo submarines are named after "Great Wall" plus numbers, conventional power missile submarines are named after "Expedition" plus numbers, and nuclear-powered submarines are named after "Long March" plus numbers. Anti-submarine escort boat (missile escort boat) is named after the county; The minesweeper is named after the place name "state name"; The large landing ship is named after the mountain, and the medium landing ship is named after the river [that is, the "infantry landing ship" in misinformation, but in fact, except for the early American LCI, our army does not have such a ship].
The ship number of the military auxiliary ship was changed a little later than that of the main warship, and the ship number of our military auxiliary ship was changed to the arrangement of fleet plus two Chinese characters and numbers. See the following table for the model abbreviations of the three versions of military auxiliary ships: 1964, 1974 and 1987 (it should also be noted that the numbers are rearranged when the numbers are changed, and the ships basically use the previous numbers).
At the same time, some large and medium-sized auxiliary ships were renamed, and ocean rescue lifeboats were named after islands, such as "Changxing Island" [three 925 ships used the names of "Rescue 1" to "Rescue 3" before]; Oil-water dry goods supply ships are named after "Cang", such as "Taicang" ship; The newly-built navigation training ship V856 was also named Zheng He when the ship number was changed to "8 1", which was also the first ship named after a person in the People's Navy.
Rarely mentioned adjustment
"August 1 ST" partially adjusted the naming and ship numbers of naval vessels, and compiled many naming methods and ship numbers that were familiar to the online world later. All conventional submarines use the name "Great Wall", and there are only four expeditions in history-200 submarines (663 1, Expedition 1), 35/KLOC-0 submarines (33G, Expedition 2) and 320 submarines (039 first boat, Expedition 3). [In addition, except for the 200 Great Wall 200 submarine, the number and ship number in the submarine name are not the same].
Rarely mentioned adjustment
"August 1 ST" partially adjusted the naming and ship numbers of naval vessels, and compiled many naming methods and ship numbers that were familiar to the online world later. All conventional submarines use the name "Great Wall", and there are only four expeditions in history-200 submarines (663 1, Expedition 1), 35/KLOC-0 submarines (33G, Expedition 2) and 320 submarines (039 first boat, Expedition 3). [In addition, except for the 200 Great Wall 200 submarine, the number and ship number in the submarine name are not the same].
Another major change in the adjustment is the naming and ship number of large and medium-sized auxiliary ships, and then the number. Section 85 1 makes way for the military auxiliary ship. 85x is an electronic reconnaissance ship named after a star, such as 85 1 Polaris; 86x is a lifeboat, and the name of "island" remains unchanged.
For example, the ship "Changxing Island" was changed from Beijiu 12 1 to 861; 87x is an ocean-going survey ship, named after a famous scientist. For example, South Transfer 429 (commonly known as "Ocean 18") was changed to 87 1 and named as "Li Siguang"; 88x is a comprehensive supply ship, named after the lake. For example, Yun Bei 575 "Taicang" was changed to 88 1 "Hongze Lake"; 89x is a comprehensive test ship, also named after a famous scientist. For example, the test 970 ship was changed to 89 1 "Bi Sheng" ship.