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The Construction Process of Beichuan Railway
The earliest railway in Sichuan

The original plan was built in Hechuan, but it was not realized for various reasons. The railway was built to transport the coal from Tianfu Coal Mine to Jialing River by rail and then out. 1925, jiangbei, Hechuan gentry Tang, Li Yungen, Zhang and others proposed to build light rail and use trains instead of manpower. However, due to problems such as slow fund raising and land requisition for subgrade, construction cannot be started. 1927, after Lu Zuofu took office, he made great efforts to establish Beichuan Ye Min Railway Co., Ltd. with a total share capital of 300,000 yuan. Elected as the chairman, former railway chief engineer Denmark Schultz was the chief engineer of Beichuan Railway, and Tang was the deputy chief engineer. 193 1 year, after Lu Zuofu took over as chairman, he planned and guided in many aspects, which accelerated the progress of road construction projects. The whole project is divided into three phases, the first phase is completed and the first phase is opened to traffic. 1928165438+10 to1929165438+10, with a total length of 8.7 kilometers, was completed and opened to traffic; 1930 to1931May, Shuilanya to Baimiaozi and Tudiya to Daijiagou were completed and opened to traffic, with a total length of 4 kilometers; From June 1933 to March 1934, the section from Daijiagou to Datiankan 4. 1 km was completed and opened to traffic. Since then, the Beichuan Railway, with a total length of 16.8 km, has been opened to traffic from Baimiaozi on the north bank of Jialing River in the south to Datiankan in the north, and finally the first railway in Sichuan, Beichuan Railway, has been built.

1952, the coal mine above Daijiagou lost its mining value, and the Datiankan-Daijiagou line was demolished. 1968, with the development of the new mining area in Tianfu Coal Mine, the entire Beichuan Railway was demolished, completing its historical mission.

A new starting point of Chongqing's industrial revolution

In the China Three Gorges Museum in Chongqing, there is a fairy-tale locomotive and a pocket-sized railroad track. This inch-gauge steam train, like a living fossil, is the first railway in Chongqing-Beichuan Railway built by the famous industrialist Mr. Lu Zuofu, which marks a new starting point of Chongqing's industrial revolution.

Tianfu area in Beibei is rich in coal resources and has a long mining history. As early as the beginning of last century, there were dozens of large and small coal mines in Wenxingchang and Daijiagou, with a daily output of 200-300 tons. At that time, the technology was backward, and the raw coal was mined by hand and transported to Jialing River by shoulder grinding. Not only the transportation cost is about 300 thousand yuan per year, but also the transportation capacity is limited, which often causes backlog and affects the development of production. 1925, Tang, a coal boss with broad vision and foresight, contacted the gentry in Hechuan, Jiangbei and other places and proposed to build a light rail, replacing human transportation with locomotives, and set up the "Beichuan Mining Light Rail Company Office". At that time, these places belonged to Jiangbei and Hechuan counties, so they were named "Beichuan". It was difficult to raise funds for a long time afterwards.

1927, Minsheng Steamship Company and Yitai Company initiated again, and 32 people, including, Tang and others, set up Beichuan Minsheng Railway Co., Ltd. to raise funds in the form of shareholding system to revive the construction. 1928, 1 June, the former chief engineer of Ji Jiao Railway was hired to carry out the overall design. 1928 June 18, the Ministry of Communications of the National Government tentatively set up the project, and broke ground on June 1 1.6, with Lu Zuofu presiding over the groundbreaking ceremony. There were nearly 1000 road builders at that time. By 1929, the 8.7km railway from Shuilanya to Tudiya of Beichuan Railway Phase I was completed, and two 26kW steam locomotives were purchased and put into operation on June 6th. 165438.

1930 autumn, the second phase of the project started, and the railway extended to both ends. By May of 193 1, the Beichuan Railway from Baimiaozi Wharf to Datiankan 16.8 km was built, and 8 1 kW steam locomotives and 55 kW steam locomotives were purchased respectively, and the whole line was put into operation.

1 June, 1933, the third phase of the project started, supporting facilities such as underground coal track of gravity winch were built, and 55 kW steam locomotive1set and 20 automatic coal unloaders were purchased. By March, 1934, 3 1, the entire Beichuan railway project was completed. The investment of the project is 750,000 yuan, forming a complete transportation system, and the daily coal transportation capacity can reach more than 1000 tons.

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Do as you say, and raise the Daba Mountain Tunnel.

On the way to search for the memory of Beichuan Railway, chongqing morning post reporter met Li, the former Party secretary of Beibei Railway Depot, at the edge of Beibei City, and he described the hard course of building Xiangyu Railway.

Hunan-Chongqing Railway is only 22 kilometers in Beibei, and it enters Motan Township from Daijiagou. There are two railway stations, Beibei and Moxinpo. Li, who is over 500 years old, recalled to the chongqing morning post reporter that when the Xiangyu Railway began to be built, he was still a railway soldier and served in Dazhou. At that time, many militia groups were organized from Sichuan, and the most people who dealt with him were the Qijiang militia, who built railways or transported them. At that time, Chongqing was basically a regiment plus a militia division, with about 20,000 to 30,000 people. Nanchong also has militia divisions, with about 20,000 to 30,000 people.

"This railway needs more bridges per kilometer than the Chengdu-Kunming line, which is very difficult. The difficulty lies in Daba Mountain. The original designed tunnel was about 7 kilometers long, and it would take at least seven or eight years to get through under the semi-mechanical conditions at that time. Finally, I found a way and decided to improve the tunnel. After the improvement, the length of the tunnel is shortened. " Li said to him. If you want to raise the tunnel, you have to start from Chongqing, and the subgrade here in Chongqing should also be raised. The whole journey is 300 kilometers, all the way to Bashan. When we arrive at Dazhou Station, we can see that the railway is on the mountain, not in the ditch.

In the early stage of construction, Comrade Li He was stationed in Dazhou, laying tracks and bridges. 197 1, Li retired from the army and began to work in Beibei Railway Station.