Ma surname of Han nationality originated in Handan City, Hebei Province during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. At the end of the Warring States period, some descendants of Ma moved to Guanzhong, Shaanxi. In the following time, the surname Ma continued to develop, and many people became senior officials of the dynasty. The family gradually prospered, eventually making Fufeng Maoling (now Maoling, Xingping City, Shaanxi Province) become the development and reproduction center of horses. From the Han Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, horses became a famous family in Fufeng Maoling, and they were also distributed in some places in Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Hubei, Sichuan, Gansu, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other provinces. At the same time, during the Han Dynasty, the Ma clan moved westward to the northwest and then eastward to Huang Zhun. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Chao and Wang settled in Fujian with Henan horses and later developed into a big family. Ma Yin, a native of Biling (present-day Henan) in Xuzhou, fought in the army. He was crowned king in the late Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties and Ten States, and established Chu State, including Huguang. The southern part of the province, most parts of Guangxi, and parts of Guangdong and Guizhou have greatly developed the Ma surname in the vast areas and distributed all over the country. After the Song Dynasty, the surname Ma gradually increased in Fujian, Guangdong and other places. In the Ming Dynasty, the surname Ma further developed. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Ma began to emigrate to Taiwan Province Province, and then moved abroad. China mainly lives in the north, especially in the northwest. Ma is the 13 surname in China, with a large population, accounting for about 1% of the Han population in China, and is one of the 13 surnames of the Hui people in China.

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In 20 13 years, the horse population was11980,000, accounting for 1.06% of the total population, ranking 17. In the 600 years since the Ming Dynasty, the population of horses has soared from 780,000 to nearly125,000, an increase of nearly 16 times. The average population of the Ming Dynasty was close to 93 million, and the contemporary population was 654.38+0.2 billion, an increase of 654.38+0.3 times. The population growth rate of surnamed Ma is higher than that of the whole country. Ma surnames in China are mainly distributed in Henan (12.7%), Hebei (1 1%), Shanxi (8.9%) and Jiangsu (8.8%), accounting for about 4 1.4% of the total population of Ma surnames in China. Secondly, it is distributed in Sichuan (6.8%), Anhui (5.9%), Liaoning (5.8%), Shaanxi (5.7%), Heilongjiang (4.8%) and Shandong (4.8%). The surnames of horses in six provinces are concentrated, accounting for 33.8%.

Henan is the largest province with the surname of Ma, accounting for 1.6% of the total population of Henan Province. The Yellow River valley and the three northeastern provinces account for about 23.8% of the country's land area, and the horse population is 7.49 million, accounting for about 59.4% of the country's horse population. The provinces between the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, most of Ningxia, most of Gansu, eastern Qinghai, western Inner Mongolia, and Urumqi, Xinjiang, are regions with a large population of horses, accounting for about 27.8% of the country's land area. The number of horses is 4 1.4 million, accounting for about 33% of the national horse population. Other regions are regions with few Ma surnames, accounting for 48.4% of the land area, and the population of Ma surnames is 970,000, accounting for 7.7% of the total population of Ma surnames.

On June 24th, 2022 1, the Population Administration Research Center of the Ministry of Public Security released the 202 1 National Name Report. The report shows that Gansu is the province with the largest distribution of Ma surnames.