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China's four tragedies are.
Keywords Yuan, Zhao's orphan, Immortal Hall, Peach Blossom Fan,

1, Yuan is a work based on the social reality of the Yuan Dynasty, but it has obvious inheritance relationship with the literature of the previous generation. Dou E made three vows before executing the death penalty: the first one is blood flying exercise, which comes from the story of Donghai filial wife Zhou Qing. The second pile of six In the snow came from the legend of snow falling in June when he was imprisoned in Taiping Yulan in Zou Yan.

The third pile has been dry for three years. See the biography of Han Yuding. These three legendary stories are either coincidences or fabrications of writers, and their authenticity is in doubt. But this is in line with the wishes of the people. People would rather believe in it than believe in it, so it is widely circulated among the people. When Guan Hanqing wrote about how Dou E's grievances touched the earth, he connected these legends and rendered them, which strongly infected the audience. This shows that Guan Hanqing has the thoughts and feelings of the oppressed people and rich stage experience. It is no accident that his works were very popular at that time and were called "correct" writers.

2. Orphan of Zhao is a historical drama. The story was read in Zuo Zhuan, but it was very short. It was not recorded in detail until historical records Zhao and Liu Xiang's New Preface and Shuoyuan. Zaju is basically based on historical facts, but there are many changes in the plot.

For example, the background of the story was changed from Jin Jinggong to Jin Linggong; Orphans were hidden in the palace and brought out by Dr. Cheng Ying of Kusawa in a medicine box. The orphan who lived in seclusion in the mountains was adopted by his adopted son. When he grew up in Tufu, he killed Tu for revenge. Han Jue, who asked the orphan to print when he grew up, was changed to let the orphan go out of the palace to commit suicide; Gongsun Sheng, Chu Jiu, and Cheng Ying, old ministers of our family, retired because they hated treacherous court officials. One was replaced by Dr. Cao Ze, who had a friendship with the Zhao family. After these changes, this thrilling struggle was written more sharply and intensively.

3. With the Anshi Rebellion as the background, The Palace of Eternal Life tells the love story of Li Longji, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, and Yang Yuhuan, the imperial concubine. Since the Anshi Rebellion, the story of Li and Yang has been widely circulated among the people. In the Tang Dynasty, there appeared such far-reaching works as Song of Eternal Sorrow and Biography of Song of Eternal Sorrow. These works describe the love tragedy of Li and Yang in combination with the Anshi Rebellion, and criticize the extravagance of Tang Dynasty, which has certain positive significance.

4. Peach Blossom Fan is a historical tragedy describing the rise and fall of Nanming. The author is faithful to historical facts. He said in Peach Blossom Fan: "The gains and losses of political affairs and the gathering and dispersion of literati are all loyal to the time and place, and there is no excuse; As for the affection of children, the guests laughed and talked. Although the two were a little infected, they were not imaginary. " Kong collected historical materials, conceived and created for more than ten years, and revised the manuscript three times, which shows that his creative attitude is serious.

However, the author was not caught by historical facts, but carefully organized, sorted, concentrated and interspersed on the basis of a large number of historical materials to meet the requirements of stage performances at that time, so that people could accept fresh historical lessons from these vivid stage artistic images and achieve what he revealed in Preface to Peach Blossom Fan. "It can not only make the audience cry, but also punish and create people's hearts and save the last days."

Extended data;

Yuan had a great influence on later literature and drama. As far as adaptation is concerned, there are 32 legendary The Golden Lock, which was adapted by Xianzu Ye in Ming Dynasty according to Yuan Dynasty, among which Sheep Belly, Visiting Prison and beheading have only been put on the stage in recent years.

Many local dramas, such as Six Chapters in the Snow, edited and directed by Anhui Opera, Shaanxi Opera, Shaanxi Opera, Hebei Bangzi, Guangxi Opera and Yunqiang, Sheep Belly Soup, Cut Dou E of Han Opera and Golden Lock of Sichuan Opera, are also adapted according to Dou E's unjust case. In addition, there are various rap arts, such as drum lyrics, baojuan, Zidishu and so on. There are also people who take the story of Dou E as the theme.