1In the spring of 949, the World Peace Conference was held in Prague, the capital of Czechoslovakia. The delegation of China was invited to attend and was told that the Convention stipulated that all delegations should play and sing their national anthem when they entered the venue on the opening day. My delegation is in a dilemma, because the new China has not been established and there is no national anthem representing the new China, so we studied it together and decided to sing march of the volunteers instead. However, the lyrics of the song "The Chinese nation is in the most dangerous time" are controversial. Some people say, "Now that Peiping (Beijing was called Peiping at that time) has been liberated and the new China will be established, how can you sing like this?" Finally, Guo Moruo decided to change this sentence to "It's time for the Chinese nation to turn over". After returning home, the delegation reported this situation, which aroused the attention of relevant parties to the formulation of the national anthem.
1In June, 949, the Preparatory Committee of the first CPPCC was preparing for the establishment of the new China, and felt that it was urgent to formulate a new Chinese national anthem. They entrusted this task to the Sixth Group of the CPPCC Preparatory Committee, with Ma Xulun as the leader and Ye Jianying and Shen Yanbing as the deputy heads, and established the "National Anthem Primary Selection Committee" composed of Tian Han, Shen Yanbing, Qian Sanqiang, Ou Yangyuqian, Guo Moruo and Xu Beihong. From July 15 to July 26, the Sixth Group of the Preparatory Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference published the Announcement on Solicitation of National Flag, National Emblem and National Anthem in People's Daily and other newspapers at home and abroad, and the response was very strong. By August 20th, 632 national anthems and 6,926 lyrics had been received, but none of them were satisfactory.
It was the painter Xu Beihong who first suggested march of the volunteers as the national anthem. After repeated discussions, the sixth group was not finalized. On September 2nd, the Sixth Group of the Preparatory Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference held another meeting on the formulation of the national anthem. Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai attended the meeting and listened to the opinions of the delegates. Zhang Xiruo, Guo Moruo, Liu Liangmo and Liang Sicheng all agreed with Xu Beihong's suggestion that March of the Volunteers be the national anthem of the people of China.
In order to be prudent, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai held another consultation forum on national flag, national emblem, national anthem, calendar and state-owned assets in the conference room of Fengzeyuan, Zhongnanhai on the evening of September 25th, inviting people from all democratic parties and cultural circles to participate, and their opinions were unified. Therefore, the Sixth Group of the Preparatory Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference decided to take March of the Volunteers as the proposal of "National Anthem of the People's Republic of China" and formally submit it to the First National Political Consultative Conference for approval. On September 27th 1949, all the CPPCC deputies passed it at one time. Before the national anthem of China was formally formulated, March of the Volunteers was adopted as the national anthem of China. 1978, adopted at the first meeting of the Fifth National People's Congress, designated March of the Volunteers as the national anthem of the people of China.
In a special period, the national anthem is "plastic surgery"
After the founding of New China, March of the Volunteers sang as the national anthem for 17 years, until the Cultural Revolution which began in 1966, and Tian Han was "dictatorship" and died in 1968. Tian Han is in trouble. Of course, he can't sing any more songs. He can only play the music of the national anthem on formal occasions.
Influenced by the leftist ideology of the Cultural Revolution, some people think that China has entered a new historical period, and March of the Volunteers's lyrics can no longer reflect the changed reality. 1978 the proposal to modify the lyrics of the national anthem was submitted to the first session of the Fifth National People's Congress, which set up a national anthem collection group. Finally, the text arranged by Li Huanzhi was submitted to the delegates for discussion and revision. At this conference, the national anthem solicitation group did not adopt different opinions, and suggested that the lyrics of the new national anthem be submitted to this conference for adoption. At the same time, considering that the national anthem is different from ordinary songs, in order to maintain the stability of the national anthem, the name of the arranger is not given except Nie Er Qu, Collective Lyrics. 1978 On March 5th, the first meeting of the Fifth National People's Congress adopted the new national anthem by a show of hands.
Restore the national anthem to "real body"
1979, the "conclusion" given to Tian Han by the former Central Task Force was overturned. Tian Han was finally rehabilitated. On April 25th, 1979, a late memorial service was held for Tian Han at Babaoshan Cemetery in Beijing.
In the process of amending the Constitution from 1980 to 1982, the Constitutional Amendment Committee received a large number of opinions from all sides, holding that march of the volunteers embodies the revolutionary tradition of the people of China, embodies the thought of being prepared for danger in times of peace, and inspires the patriotism of the people of China for many years. It is suggested to abolish the national anthem adopted by 1978 and restore the march of the volunteers decided by 1949 at the first CPPCC meeting.
19821978 On February 4th, the Fifth Session of the Fifth National People's Congress adopted a decision to restore March of the Volunteers as the national anthem of China, and to revoke the decision on the national anthem of China adopted at the first session of the current National People's Congress on March 5th.
On March 14, 2004, the Second Session of the Tenth National People's Congress passed a constitutional amendment, stipulating that "the national anthem of China people is march of the volunteers."