Fiber flax is an annual sunshine crop. The growth period is 70-80 days and the plant height is 90- 1 10 cm. The fiber content of the original stem is high, which can reach 20-30%. The stem is smooth, thin and uniform, and the base of the original stem is unbranched, generally about 1- 1.5 mm in diameter, with a few branches at the top, each with 3-4 capsules. Each new fruit has 8- 10 seeds, and the 1000-seed weight is 3.5-5.5g. The purpose of planting flax for fiber is to obtain high-quality fiber, so only about 70% flax seeds are harvested at the mature stage of processing, which are generally not used as seeds and are mainly planted in Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang.
Oil flax (commonly known as flax) belongs to the same species as fiber flax, but it is mainly used to extract oil from seeds. The oil content of flaxseed is generally 39-49%. ? The pressed cake contains 33.3% protein, 8.6% fat, 7.8% cellulose and 365,438+0.7% nitrogen-free extract. Flax has been introduced into China for about 2000 years. China's perennial planting area is more than 8 million mu, mainly distributed in cold and arid areas in North China and Northwest China. In recent years, large-scale trial planting has been successful in Beijing, Tianjin and central and southern Hebei, with a development area of 40,000-50,000 mu. The seed yield per mu is generally above 50 kg, and the high-yield plot is above 200 kg.