The Outline of Modern History of China (revised edition 20 13) is divided into three parts in chronological order: from the Opium War to the eve of the May 4th Movement, from the May 4th Movement to the founding of New China, from the founding of New China to the new period of socialist modernization. The specific contents include: the struggle against foreign aggression, the early exploration of the country's way out, and the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression of the Chinese nation.

Famous conferences and agreements are:

1, 1842- Sino-British treaty of nanking signed.

Treaty of nanking is the first unequal treaty in modern history of China. The agreement was signed on August 29th 1842 (July 24th and 22nd, Daoguang) by Ying Jie, Yi Bu, Niu Jian and Pu Dingcha, representatives of the Qing court, aboard the British ship "Gao Huali" anchored on Xiaguan River in Nanjing, marking the end of the first opium war.

Treaty of nanking destroyed China's territorial integrity and tariff sovereignty, facilitated British exports to China, and made China a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. After the treaty of nanking was signed, western powers took advantage of the fire to rob the Qing government and forced it to sign a series of unequal treaties, which further violated China's sovereignty, destroyed China's natural economy and accelerated the decline of the Qing Dynasty.

2.1895-China and Japan sign treaty of shimonoseki.

Treaty of shimonoseki is an unequal treaty signed by the Qing government of China and the Meiji government of Japan in Shimonoseki (now Shimonoseki City, Yamaguchi Prefecture) on 1895 (March 23rd, 21st year of Guangxu). The signing of treaty of shimonoseki marked the end of the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. The Chinese plenipotentiaries are Li Hongzhang and Li, and the Japanese plenipotentiaries are Ito Bowen and Lu Aozongguang.

Treaty of shimonoseki has brought great benefits to Japan and stimulated its aggressive ambition. The treaty also made China's national crisis unprecedentedly serious, and the degree of semi-colonization was greatly deepened. The treaty met the needs of the imperialist powers to export capital to China, and then the powers set off a frenzy to carve up China.

3. 1922- The Second National Congress of China was held.

1922 July 16 to 23, the second national congress of China was held at No.625, Li Fude, Chengdu Road. A total of 65,438+02 delegates attended the meeting, representing 65,438+095 party member.

The Second National Congress of communist party, China correctly analyzed the social nature of China and the nature, object, motive force and future of the China Revolution, pointed out that the China Revolution should be divided into two steps, and clearly put forward a thorough anti-imperialist and anti-feudal democratic revolutionary program for the first time in the modern history of China, which pointed out the direction for the revolutionary struggle of the people of all ethnic groups in China and had great and far-reaching significance for the China Revolution.

4. 1935- Zunyi conference

Zunyi Meeting refers to an extremely important enlarged meeting held by the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee in Zunyi, Guizhou Province in June 1935 to independently solve the revolutionary problems in China. It is to correct the mistakes of "Left" leaders such as Bo Gu Kailai, Wang Ming and Li De in military command when the Red Army failed in the fifth anti-encirclement campaign and suffered serious setbacks at the beginning of the Long March.

This meeting was the first time that China independently applied the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism to solve his own line, principles and policies? . This meeting saved the Party, the Red Army and the China Revolution at an extremely critical historical juncture. This is a turning point in the history of China and the Red Army.

5. 1949 —— Opening of the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference.

1949 September, the first China People's Political Consultative Conference was held in Beiping. The meeting adopted the Common Program of the China People's Political Consultative Conference, elected the Committee of the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) and elected Mao Zedong as the chairman of the Central People's Government. The Congress stipulated that the five-star red flag should be the national flag, march of the volunteers should be the national anthem, Beiping should be the capital, and Beijing should be renamed, and the year number should be adopted.

The Congress elected Mao Zedong as the chairman of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Soong Ching Ling, Li, Zhang Lan and Gao Gang as vice-chairmen, and 56 people including Zhou Enlai and Chen Yi were members of the Central People's Government. The congress also decided to build a monument to the people's heroes in Tiananmen Square, the capital, to express infinite respect and nostalgia for the revolutionary martyrs.