1982, the state began to focus on the protection of ancient cities with several conditions, such as "rich cultural relics, concentrated historical buildings, typical traditional pattern and historical features, and being an ancient political and economic center or a place where major historical events took place", and successively announced three batches of *** 134 Chinese historical and cultural cities. Yunnan is one of the provinces with more ancient cities in China. Six cities are among them, namely Kunming, Dali, Lijiang, Jianshui, Weishan, Huize, Kunming, Dali and Lijiang, which have long been famous domestic popular tourist destinations. The last three ancient cities have both scenery, customs and food, and their human history is not lost to Lijiang Dali, but they are little known in China and almost buried. Judging from the above-mentioned national cultural and historical city standards, the smaller the city, the more difficult it is to obtain this title. What's the difference between these three ancient cities? Let's walk into these three ancient cities together and feel the charm of these three ancient cities at close range.
I. Jianshui Ancient City
There are many famous ancient cities in Yunnan. Compared with Jianshui, Jianshui is not famous or even low-key. It is an ancient city with more than 50 ancient buildings after 12 centuries. It is known as "Museum of Ancient Buildings" and "Museum of Dwellings".
This is an ancient city that you can't forget at a glance.
Jianshui Ancient City, called Lin 'an in ancient times, is located in Jianshui County, Honghe Prefecture. During the Tang and Yuan Dynasties (around 8 10), the Nanzhao regime built Huili City here, with a history of 1200 years. It is said that in the imperial examinations in Yunnan, people from Lin 'an Prefecture accounted for half of the country, which was the highest in Yunnan, so it was called "nearly half of the country".
Walking into this thousand-year-old city, the mottled marks of history can be seen everywhere, and there is a strong cultural atmosphere everywhere. There are more than 50 well-preserved ancient buildings in the ancient city, whether it is the second largest Confucian Temple in China, the Imperial Academy with scholarly family, the elegant and beautiful Jia Zhu Garden, the magnificent Chaoyang Building or the antique Lin 'an Street, all of which have gone through vicissitudes, demonstrating the long history and profoundness of Jianshui culture, making it hard to think that there is such a good ancient city in Yunnan.
In ancient times, many adherents of the Southern Song Dynasty were exiled here. This ancient city with a long cultural heritage is permeated with the elegance of respecting Confucius and Confucianism, but it is also full of fireworks and a little fashion. Historically, it has stood side by side with Kunming and Dali, and is known as "a famous literary country".
Confucian temple
Founded in the Yuan Dynasty, it has a history of more than 700 years. After many expansions and repairs, it covers an area of more than 70,000 square meters. Its scale ranks among the best in the large-scale Confucian temples in China. The temple is solemn and magnificent. The birds and animals carved by the lattice door have different shapes, and the glass brick roof is dazzling.
Chaoyanglou
Jianshui City was originally a earthen city, and it was expanded into a brick city in the 20th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1387). After the tower was destroyed by the war, Kangxi rebuilt it in four years and then destroyed it. Only the Chaoyang Building in the East Gate stands tall despite the war and earthquake. It has been 600 years.
Chaoyang Building, located in the ancient city of Lin 'an Road, was built in the 22nd year of Ming Hongwu (1389). It is one of the oldest symbols of Jianshui, an ancient city, and also a symbol of the ancient town on the border of the motherland. It used to be a military fortress in Lin 'an in the Ming Dynasty, with magnificent architecture, occupying 800 miles in southern Xinjiang, and it can be called the first floor of Yunnan government.
Zhujiayuan
This garden is the private residence and ancestral hall of Zhu, an early revolutionary in Yunnan in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. It is not only large in scale, but also elegant and exquisite. Known as the Grand View Garden in southern Yunnan, it is the most exquisite Qing Dynasty residence in Yunnan.
This garden was built in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. This house covers an area of more than 5000 square meters. The house pattern is orderly, the courtyards are patchwork, the layout of courtyards and halls is reasonable, the ridges and eaves of the whole building are steep, the buildings are carved with beams and painted with paintings, exquisite and elegant, and the spatial landscape is rich and diverse, which embodies the cultural connotation of elegance inside and beauty outside, regular shape, elegant color and far-reaching meaning, and has high architectural artistic value.
Jia Zhu Garden is one of the most shocking ancient buildings in Jianshui Ancient City. As a private mansion, its luxury and exquisite craftsmanship are unimaginable, which shows the magnificence of Jia Zhu and the luxury of family etiquette.
Zhangjia park
Among Jianshui ancient dwellings, Zhangjia Garden is second only to Jia Zhu Garden in scale, but it is superior in terms of architectural quality, completeness and cultural relics value.
Zhangjia Garden is located in Tuanshan Village, west of Jianshui City. It was built in the late Qing Dynasty. It has wood-carved doors and windows and a faint layer of gold paint, which is even more beautiful than Jia Zhu Garden. Being here is like walking in an ancient village in Huizhou.
Unlike Jia Zhu Garden, which is open as a tourist destination, Zhangjia Garden still plays the role of a folk house today. Many residents live in it, but it still has the elegant atmosphere of the past.
Jianshui small train embodies the courage and backbone of Yunnan's national industry to take the initiative to get out of the closed.
Shuanglong bridge, that is, 17-hole bridge. Located 5 kilometers west of Jianshui ancient city, this ancient bridge was built in Qing Dynasty and is a famous historical site in Yunnan. The ancient bridge is connected by 17 holes. There are three floors on the bridge, which looks like a big ship floating on the water from a distance.
Jianshui's night market is full of fireworks and casual romantic temperament.
Rice noodles with crisp grass teeth are the most popular specialty.
After reading China on the Tip of the Tongue, everyone knows the delicious taste of Jianshui and tofu. Jianshui tofu has a very long history and enjoyed a high reputation as early as the middle and late Qing Dynasty. Among them, Zhou tofu in the west of the city is the best, and its secret comes from the sweet spring water in Daban, an ancient well.
Opposite Dabanjing, Zengji Tofu Workshop, which became popular because of China on the Tip of the Tongue, began to make tofu in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, and now it has spread to the sixth generation. All foreign tourists who travel to Jianshui will inevitably taste Jianshui's unique Lin 'an roasted tofu. The unique taste and lingering fragrance around the cheeks are often memorable.
Tickets: There are no tickets in the ancient city.
Second, the ancient city of Weishan
There are too many ancient cities in China, but few can really feel the original flavor. Weishan ancient city is one of them.
Weishan is a county below Dali, named after Weibaoshan in the east of the county seat.
This is an ancient city built in the Yuan Dynasty, the birthplace of Nanzhao, and one of the areas where the Tusi system has been practiced for the longest time in Yunnan. The evolution of the toast system and the long historical precipitation have left a large number of temples here.
It is also a place where people gather. Since the Ming Dynasty, there have been more than 20 scholars and more than 200 people. During the Qianlong period, he was awarded the title of "Famous Literary State".
Weishan ancient city has a unique city. Compared with some other ancient cities, Weishan has a short history. The city was formally built in the Ming Dynasty, but it is well preserved. The whole county town completely preserves the "well" chessboard pattern when the city was built more than 600 years ago. With Chen Gong Tower as the center, the streets and alleys in the ancient city crisscross. * * There are 25 streets, 18 lanes, with a total length of 14 km. Some people say that the Ming and Qing architecture of Weishan ancient city can be well preserved, because the Yunnan-Myanmar highway built during the Anti-Japanese War did not pass through Weishan, so the ancient city has been hidden in the mountains for a long time.
There are many cultural relics in Weishan, and the buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as Confucian Temple, Guandi Temple, God of Wealth Temple, Wenhua Academy, Sun Palace, Cold Spring Temple, Huangyuting and Dongyue Palace, are well preserved. There are 4 Taoist temples 104, 85 Buddhist temples, 22 mosques and 78 primitive religious temples in the county.
These ancient buildings with exquisite craftsmanship, rigorous structure and carved beams and painted buildings reproduce the former prosperity and superb architectural art of Weishan ancient city. Some experts and scholars were amazed after visiting the ancient city of Weishan, and thought that the ancient city of Weishan was so well preserved that it was rare in Yunnan and even the whole country.
The north building of Weishan is called Chen Gong Building, which was built during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty. There are "Six Letters from Kuixiong" and "Looking Up to Heaven in Wan Li" horizontal plaques, which are magnificent. Climbing on the roof, looking around, four streets, east, west, north and south, extending in all directions, are very spectacular.
This is an ancient city with an ancient style.
This group of bronze sculptures on the pedestrian street is also very charming, not only lifelike, but also a witness of history, and a window to understand the folk culture, eating habits and street life of Weishan ancient city.
This is a quiet town, with a simple and fresh living environment, strong flavor of life, simplicity and nature, neither lively nor cold, laziness and simplicity, few tourists and no over-developed tourism business. It is the "last piece of pure land in a daze" in China.
Weishanba Rou Er Temple
Weishan barbecue bait silk is famous for its excellent color, fragrance and taste. Although it's just a bowl of barbecue and a snack made of bait, we must choose the best pig forearms and hooves for barbecue, burn them yellow, wash them, and stew the ham with low fire for more than ten hours, so that the soup will not be steamed out and the nutrition will not be destroyed. Its fine workmanship, unique taste, but also embodies the long history and culture of Weishan ancient city.
Nanzhao yigen noodles
Nanzhao noodles are also called Lamian Noodles and Changshou noodles. "One bowl of noodles, one for each family and one for thousands of people." This is the most vivid description of Nanzhao noodles. 20 1 1 Shanghai Guinness World Records has successfully declared the longest noodle, which originated in the Tang Dynasty and its production technology has been passed down for thousands of years.
Admission: The ancient city is free.
Three. Huize ancient city
Huize ancient city is an ancient city that many people have never heard of.
Huize Ancient City is located in the northwest of Qujing City. Qin and Han dynasties were an ancient land. It has a long history and profound cultural heritage. It is one of the earliest four counties in Yunnan history.
The original Tucheng of Huize Ancient City was built by the first magistrate, Wang Yongxi, and it was Shicheng during Yongzheng period, with a history of about 300 years.
Cross street is the center of the ancient city. Two streets, one horizontal and one vertical, intersect into a "cross". Together with the square walls, the whole ancient city is actually a "field" shape. At present, all kinds of precious cultural relics, a relatively complete urban pattern and some historical blocks are still preserved in the ancient city, which is called the "Museum of Ancient Buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties".
Huize ancient city is rich in tourism resources, and there are many ancient ruins. But in Huize, the most talked about is its copper merchant culture and guild hall culture, which is known as the "hometown of money kings".
Huize was famous for its rich copper and lead in ancient times. In the Qing Dynasty, copper mining and smelting developed further and became the center of coinage in southwest China. As a result, Huize's unique guild hall culture has been formed, and the remaining guild halls are still very eye-catching in terms of the concentration of quantity and the chic shape. Jiangxi Temple, Big Buddha Temple, Xilai Temple, Confucian Temple and Wenchang Palace are well preserved.
Sculpture of "Jiajing Bao Tong" copper coins standing on the streets of the ancient city.
Jiangxi club
Commonly known as Jiangxi Temple and Wanshouguan, it is located in the middle of Jiangxi Street in the north of the ancient city. It is a guild hall built by Jiangxi people in Huize. It was built in the 50th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (17 1 1). The whole building faces south and is arranged in depth along the central axis. It is a courtyard with three entrances and two spans, with a gatehouse stage, a main hall and a back hall. There is a small garden in the east and a small stage in the west. In the eighth year of Yongzheng (1730), the guild hall was destroyed by soldiers and rebuilt in the twenty-seventh year of Qianlong (1762). It is a national key cultural relics protection unit.
Huguang club
Located in Baoshan Street, the ancient city, it was built in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. There are a stage, a front hall, a middle hall and a back hall in the museum, but the exquisite architecture is much worse than that of Jiangxi Guild Hall.
Tang former residence
Located at No.3 Island Lane 14, Beinei Street, the county seat, covering an area of 850 square meters, it belongs to Huize traditional residence in the middle and late Qing Dynasty and is a closed quadrangle building. It was built in the sixth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1867) and was purchased by Tang's father in the fifteenth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1889).
Huize Confucian temple
Located on the campus of Huize No.1 Middle School. It was founded in the 60th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (172 1), initiated and donated by Ren Junfang, the magistrate of Dongchuan.
Huize Xi doufen
This is Huize's specialty snack. High-quality peas are shelled, soaked, ground, filtered, boiled and moderately thick, with seasonings such as shredded buckwheat, sesame oil, pepper oil, ginger paste and garlic paste. Delicious, it is a "famous brand product" in Huize snacks.
Dudutang
Refined with mashed potatoes and rice soup, it is delicious, nutritious, appetizing and invigorating the spleen. Because this is Tang's favorite dish, it is named prefect soup.
Tubawan
It consists of thousands of pieces of meat, eight-treasure rice, crispy meat, three kinds of cold dishes, bitter vegetables and big meat, steamed meat, ribs and cashews, and three-silk dumplings. Delicious and nutritious, it is deeply loved by consumers.
Admission: The ancient city is free.