The plane of the city site of Daiwang City is oval, which is extremely rare in the city site of Han Dynasty and is an important physical object of the city site of Han Dynasty. At the same time, because it is located in the north, it is also very important for the cultural exchange between the northern minorities and the Han nationality in China.
Yuxian County, Hebei Province is more than 900 meters above sea level. To the south of the ruins of the ancient city is Mount Hengshan, which was called "Feigu Pass" in ancient times. The dangerous terrain has become a natural barrier of the ancient city.
Daiguo was sealed in the Tang Dynasty, Daiwangcheng was the capital of the country in the Spring and Autumn Period and Dai Jun in the Qin and Han Dynasties. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhao Xiangzi lured Daiwang to the Northern Expedition, and ordered a chef to kill Daiwang and his entourage with a copper barrel. Zhao Xiangzi solved Dai Di in one fell swoop.
Daiguo is the northernmost vassal state, even more north than Yan. Daiguo reaches the desert in the north, Yanmenguan in the south, Yellow River in the west and Yan State in the east. There is a danger of Mount Hengshan and Mount Wutai in the territory, which is about 500 miles, and it is very close to the Xiongnu. So is the so-called "land available in the world".
Daiguo has always been a place where Hu and Han live together. People are brave and good at fighting, rich in elite soldiers, and there is no shortage of military forces. However, because it is located outside the Great Wall, the natural environment is harsh.
Yin Geng, a native of Yuxian County in Ming Dynasty, described the general situation of the ancient imperial city in Kao Guo Ji:
The generation of northern Shaanxi, the beginning of Shang Tang, the reason of all countries in the past dynasties, the battle of Qi Huan, the hand of Zhao Ji, the seal of Cheng Anyang, and the rush of Gongzijia; Zhao Yu's residence. What Xia Shuo kept, what Liu Xizhi abandoned and what he supervised were all so-called ghost towns of Wei.
The site of Daiwangcheng is a hilly area in the north. Liuhu River surrounds the city from southwest to northeast. The ancient city was built in the Liu Hu Valley. There are two rivers in the city, Jinboquan and Mihe, which both flow northward from the city and join Liuhu River. The west of the city is saline-alkali land, and the east wall is cultivated land inside and outside.
Four villages, Daiwangcheng, Majiacun, Beimenzi and Chengqiangnian, are located on the ruins of the ancient city.
The site of the ancient king city has a circumference of 9265 meters. The wall is 3 to 12 meters high. The city walls are all rammed with loess, with clear rammed layers and dense rammed nests. There are pebbles in the rammed layer of individual wall sections.
There are 1 1 horse-face angle platforms on the south wall, which are different in width and generally protrude about two meters, and rows of semicircular holes are left inside and outside the wall.
Some holes have rotten wooden grooves, which are traces of wooden strips added to strengthen the wall structure, enhance tension and prevent the wall from collapsing when the city is built.
The construction method of laying river pebbles in the rammed soil layer of the city wall and wallboard has obvious characteristics of Han Dynasty. The architectural form of the outer wall of the city wall with a protruding horse face also began in the Han Dynasty. It can be inferred that the ancient imperial city was built in Shang and Zhou Dynasties and should have been rebuilt or built in Han Dynasty. As recorded in Records of Yuzhou, "Han will build a city if he stands on his own feet after the collapse of the board."
There are nine gates in Daicheng, with far-reaching names. Their locations and names are South Rongyang Gate, Southeast Xinglong Gate, East Baoyuan Gate, Northeast Haimen Gate, North Funong Gate, Northwest Wen Sheng Gate, Xixingpu Gate and Southwest Zhongxiumen.
Yin Geng wrote in "Two Towns and Three Guanzhi":
Wei Fei has replaced the city, and the custom requires the King City, which is 25 miles around, and the ruins of Jiumen still exist.
At present, there are only gaps in Jiumen, the decaying city walls still stand tall, and the ruins of Jiumen are faintly discernible, and their names are still in use today. In the ancient city circle, there are 19 scattered natural villages, and the names of many villages are related to the city site, such as "Nanmenzi" and "Beimenzi", as well as "City Wall Mill" and "Shuimentou". From these ancient village names, we can imagine the glory of nine doors and nine doors.
In addition, although the prosperity of history has long passed away, the remains of ancient countries still exist. Such as: Dujia City Gate, South Arrow, Land of Sand Control, Prince Liang and May.
On the gentle slope platform in the southeast of the city, there is a huge palace area. There is a large rammed earth platform in the middle of the city site, which is square, with a side length of 25 meters and a height of 1 meter. It should be the base of a large building, and it is said to be the site of Daiwangfu.
On the southwest side of the platform is a cliff, with a cultural accumulation of more than two meters thick and rich relics. There are mountains of residual pottery pieces, most of which are barrel boards of building materials, and a certain number of daily-use pottery. There are moire patterns, auspicious animal patterns, hook patterns and concentric chord patterns in the tile.
There are many kinds of objects in the relics, such as cans, pots, urns, bowls, beans, altars, charcoal stoves and so on. Some objects are printed with words, which are important materials for studying the ancient culture of China today. Judging from a large number of relics and relics, the ancient city flourished in the Western Han Dynasty, declined gradually after the Eastern Han Dynasty, and was completely abandoned in the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
There are numerous earth-sealed tombs of the Han Dynasty outside the city, and there are 63 existing earth-sealed piles, all of which were tombs of royal nobles at that time.
As the capital of the country, the ancient city was the political, economic, military and cultural center at that time. Dai Wang Zhen attached great importance to protection and management. In 2005, the protection and management organization of famous cultural towns was established, and the future development, protection and management of famous cultural towns were included in the agenda of the leading group.
According to the Urban and Rural Planning Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Law on the Protection of Cultural Relics of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Implementation Regulations for the Protection and Management of Ancient Towns were formulated in combination with the actual situation, and the School of Urban and Rural Construction of Hebei Agricultural University was hired to issue the Protection Plan for the Historic and Cultural Town of Daiwangcheng, which incorporated the protection of cultural relics into the urban development plan.
Yuxian site in Hebei province