Shi Laihe, the former party secretary of Liuzhuang Village, Xinxiang City, is a national famous model worker. In 1950s, Shi Laihe's name spread all over the country. With the dedication and enthusiasm of * * * people, he helped the masses to establish confidence in overcoming poverty, and convinced several generations of poor villagers that following * * and sticking to the socialist road will surely make progress!
1952 65438+In February, Shi Laihe, who was only 2 1 year old, was elected as the secretary of the Party branch of Liuzhuang Village, which provoked the burden of leading the whole village to become rich. From the day he became the village party secretary, he made an oath: "Go with the party, uproot the poor roots and let the people live a good life!" Starting from 1953, Shi Laihe led Liu Zhuang people to push, carry, lift, fill ditches and pull sand to cover alkali. It took 20 years to transform more than 750 rugged "saline-alkali depression" and "toad nest" wasteland around Liu Zhuang into modern agricultural parks. He devoted himself to the study of cotton planting experience, so that the average yield per mu of lint reached three times that of the whole country at that time, and Liu Zhuang became an advanced model of the whole country.
Subsequently, Shi Laihe led Liuzhuang people to set up livestock farms, which became the breakthrough of developing commodity economy in Liu Zhuang. In order to make the people of Liu Zhuang rich, Shi Laihe developed industry and established a machine factory. Then, Shi Laihe led Liu Zhuang people to build food factories, paper mills and starch factories. The development of Liuzhuang village-run enterprises not only effectively solved the problem of surplus labor, but also accumulated more and more wealth for the collective.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, Shi Laihe led the masses to March into high technology and built the largest Huaxing Pharmaceutical Factory producing inosine in China. Huaxing Pharmaceutical Factory was officially put into operation in 1986, and the output value of 1988 exceeded 30 million yuan, accounting for more than half of the national inosine output.
Using the newly mastered leadership science and management knowledge, Shi Laihe led Liu Zhuang to form a new pattern of commodity economy, which promotes industry by agriculture, builds agriculture by industry, and pays equal attention to agriculture, industry and commerce.
Shi Laihe died in Xinxiang, Henan Province on April 23rd, 2003.
Shi Laihe was awarded the honorary titles of National Militia Hero, National Cotton Planting Expert and National Super Model Worker for many times, and was received by President Mao Zedong for nine times.
[Edit this paragraph] * * * A model of men-Shi Laihe
People's Daily reporter Li Hao Ming
This is a name that resounded throughout the country in the 1950s: a national militia hero, a national cotton planting expert, and a national super model worker ... The Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee once listed his name alongside Lei Feng, Jiao, Wang Jinxi and Qian Xuesen, and he was an outstanding representative of the * * members who enjoyed high prestige in the eyes of the masses. This is a banner flying high: China has experienced many ups and downs in the past half century, and his village has always held high the socialist banner and walked in the forefront of the national agricultural front. This spring, he passed away, but his name will always be remembered by the world: Shi Laihe, former Party Secretary of Liuzhuang Village, Xinxiang City, Henan Province.
"The party * * * people take the socialist road in order to let everyone live a better life. If the masses can't live a good life, it's that the people of za * * * have no ability! " Before liberation, Liu Zhuang was a famous "Tenant Village" and "Changgong Village" in Shiliba Township. At that time, there was a folk song: "Fiona Fang Shili Township, the poorest is Liu Zhuang. Live in a mud house and live on rice for half a year. Escape from the desert for food and sell it reluctantly. " 1948, when Liu Zhuang was liberated, the leader of the task force told Shi Laihe: * * is to do good for the poor, and to build a society without oppression and exploitation for the people of * * *, and everyone has a good life. Shi Laihe was deeply moved by this sentence. A year later, he stood under the solemn party banner and swore: "I volunteered to join China * * * …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… In the face of the peasant brothers who were still troubled by poverty and hunger after liberation, Shi Laihe put a stone in his heart: "The party * * * people take the socialist road, which means that everyone can live a good life. If the masses have been unable to live a good life, it is that the people are incompetent! " In the autumn of that year, with the continuous rainstorm, the wheat harvested in Liu Zhuang was moldy and germinated, and a large area of autumn crops were soaked in stagnant water and died. Seeing that the food is hard to harvest, the villagers are ready to go out and escape. Shi Laihe, party member and Murakami cadres do mass work together. He said to everyone: "Now is a new society led by * * *. As long as everyone is United, we will certainly overcome the disaster! " Shi Laihe led everyone to improve the water and drainage system, plant radishes and grapes, build brick kilns, run bean curd workshops and flour mills, and cut grass on the Yellow River beach. In half a year, he gave four bonuses to the masses and solved their living problems. During the Spring Festival, every family eats white bread and jiaozi.
Liu Zhuang is located in the old course of the Yellow River in the north of Henan Province. In history, the Yellow River changed its course many times, leaving four criss-crossing ditches with a depth of more than 3 meters and more than 700 rugged "saline-alkali depressions" and "toad nests" on this 1.5 square kilometer land. Starting from 1953, Shi Laihe led Liu Zhuang people to push, carry, lift, fill ditches and pull sand to cover alkali. It took 20 years for 400,000 workers and more than 2 million cubic meters to break ground, turning pieces of wasteland into high and stable yield fields with "irrigation in drought and drainage in waterlogging". Planting grain and cotton has brought food and clothing to Liuzhuang people. Shi Laihe pondered over how to make Liuzhuang people rich and took a fancy to animal husbandry. 1964, when the collective financial resources were not strong, Shi Laihe bought three heifers from Xinxiang with 90 yuan money, and later sent people to Xinjiang to buy 27 mares. After careful breeding, three years later, the calf became a herd of cattle and the foal became a herd of horses! At present, there are nearly 300 cattle, pigs and sheep in Liu Zhuang livestock farm, with an annual income of more than 6,543,800 yuan. The start of Liu Zhuang's industry is legendary. 1974, the horn on the tractor in the village is broken, so I can't buy a new one anywhere. Two drivers tried to take down the broken horn and repair it, but it was actually repaired. This coke broke the old history: we can repair the horn, why can't we make it? Without money and technology, Shi Laihe did an experiment with everyone, but not twice at a time. Finally, the trumpet was successfully trial-produced. At first, only one pair could be produced in a day, and then it was increased to 5 pairs, 50 pairs, 100 pairs ... Liu Zhuang's trumpets were heard all over the country. Then, Shi Laihe led Liu Zhuang people to build food factories, paper mills and starch factories, which not only effectively transferred the surplus labor force, but also accumulated a lot of wealth for the collective.
The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party brought order out of chaos, which made Liuzhuang people feel unprecedented relief and carefree. Under the leadership of Shi Laihe, Liu Zhuang's economic development has entered the "fast lane". During 1985, Shi Laihe and other members of the village party branch decided to introduce high-tech bioengineering to build Huaxing Pharmaceutical Factory, the largest inosine pharmaceutical factory in China. "Can this kind of high, precise and sharp project make a' mud leg'?" Some people worry that "if you can't hit the fox, you will get a slut." Shi Laihe still said: "Everything depends on people's efforts, the road lies in people's walking, and industry lies in people's creation. Why can't we do what others can do? " On May 20th, 1986, Huaxing Pharmaceutical Factory designed and installed by Liu Zhuangren was officially put into production. Taking this as a starting point, Liu Zhuangren started his business faster and faster: 1990, raised 70 million yuan to start the construction of the second branch of Huaxing Pharmaceutical Factory; 1993, the production line of penicillin potassium and penicillin sodium was completed; 1995, started to produce erythromycin; From 65438 to 0998, ampicillin was put into production; 1999, the branch of biological fermentation with higher scientific and technological content broke ground. ...
By the end of last year, the fixed assets of Liuzhuang Village were 9 10/00,000 yuan, and the annual tax paid to the state was more than 45 million yuan. The per capita annual income of farmers was 1 00,000 yuan, saving more than 200,000 yuan for each household, making it a well-known "richest village in the Central Plains". From the development and change of Liu Zhuang, Liuzhuang people have truly felt the advanced nature and superiority of socialism.
"He should have backbone, can't listen to the wind is rain. Change with each passing day, develop the economy, let the people live a good life, and cannot change! "
Since the founding of New China, there has been both the impulse of the Great Leap Forward and the madness of the Cultural Revolution for ten years. The tide rises and falls, ups and downs, and the pace of Liu Zhuang's development never stops. Some people don't understand, and once asked Shi Laihe to solve this "mystery". Shi Laihe said, "Liu Zhuang is not a paradise. Our solution is to have a backbone when something goes wrong, not to listen to the wind or rain. Only by seeking truth from facts and proceeding from your own actual situation can we receive good results. " He believes: "The essence of socialism is to let the broad masses embark on the road of common prosperity. Therefore, ever-changing, developing the economy and letting the people live a good life cannot be changed! "
1956, the primary society has just been established. At this time, the superior gave instructions: Liu Zhuang's 2 1 primary cooperative in xia zhuang was merged into 1 advanced cooperative, and Shi Laihe was nominated as the president of this advanced cooperative. Shi Laihe thinks that the conditions for setting up a large cooperative are not mature now, so it is better to set up a small cooperative in the village as a unit, which is conducive to the development of production and refuses to take office. On the same day that xia zhuang Township held a meeting of ten thousand people to announce the establishment of Advanced Society, Liu Zhuang also held a meeting to celebrate the establishment of Liu Zhuang Advanced Society.
This is a hornet's nest! "Leafless" and "selfish departmentalism" ... The people who beat sticks are Liu Zhuang and Shi Laihe. There is no place for Liu Zhuang to hold meetings and distribute documents, and there is no treatment that Shi Laihe should enjoy. This year, there has been a waterlogging disaster that has not happened for many years. Under the leadership of the Party branch, Liu Zhuang people and Qixin Qi Xin worked together to save themselves by production, making the high-level cooperatives that were not recognized above prosperous. However, the senior cooperatives in xia zhuang Township have to be divided into seven small cooperatives by village because of poor management, distracted people and great production losses.
In the days of the Great Leap Forward, the commune held a meeting, arranged and sent people to command the "high-yield wheat satellites" in each village, demanding that three feet of land be dug per mu, manure 100 cart and seeds 150 kg, so as to achieve a yield of 75,000 kg per mu of wheat. Shi Laihe ignored this point. At that time, the working group lived in Liu Zhuang and was urged for three days. No way, Shi Laihe reluctantly agreed to let three acres of land be used for experiments, and the rest were still planted as planned. Results The average yield of 3 mu of "satellite field" was only 130 kg, which was not enough for seeds. Because Liu Zhuang insisted on planting only 3 mu, it did not cause great losses.
During the "Cultural Revolution", some people went to Liu Zhuang to fan the flames and set up a series. Shi Laihe held a mass meeting and announced the village's regulations: "Anyone who goes abroad in series without production will not record work points or travel expenses; Put up posters, and the collective will not be reimbursed for a penny. "The most fashionable slogan at that time was" I would rather have socialist grass than capitalist seedlings ". Shi Laihe said, "How can our farmers eat without seedlings? Whoever wants grass, let him eat grass. We should weed and keep seedlings. "Shi Laihe led the village men, women and children to engage in production under pressure, and successively set up machinery factories, flour mills, sorbet factories and food processing factories. Liu Zhuang has gradually formed a new pattern of promoting agriculture by industry, supporting agriculture by industry, developing in an all-round way and prospering five industries.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, with the implementation of the household contract responsibility system, China's rural areas have flourished. At this time, Liu Zhuang's land was distributed to farmers? Does the factory hire people? Shi Laihe put on reading glasses and pondered the spirit of the central document. He believes that the spiritual essence of the Third Plenary Session is to liberate and develop productive forces. Liu Zhuang has changed from a traditional natural economy to a commodity economy, and two-thirds of its workforce has been transferred to secondary and tertiary industries. The collective economy is strong, and if it is divided, it will inevitably hinder the development of productive forces. By extensively soliciting opinions from the masses and proceeding from the actual situation in the village, Liu Zhuang overcame the disadvantages of "one pot of rice" by incorporating the advantages of the household contract responsibility system, established a joint agricultural, industrial and commercial cooperative, unified agriculture, animal husbandry, deputy, commerce and industry, and implemented the contract responsibility system of "comprehensive management, professional production, hierarchical management and clear rewards and punishments".
Practice has proved that Shi Laihe's decision and Liu Zhuang's choice are correct. This new business model not only gives full play to the advantages of the collective economy, but also greatly mobilizes the enthusiasm of individuals, injecting more abundant and vigorous vitality into the development of commodity economy than a single family business.
"Economic development, ideological and political work should also keep up. We must bring the masses to the road of prosperity and bring them to the right path. "
"The collective economy must have collectivism, and common prosperity must have a common ideal." Shi Laihe attached great importance to ideological and political work. He used to say before his death: "With the development of economy, ideological and political work should also keep up. We should not only take the masses to the road of prosperity, but also take them to the right road. Educating people is like everything. "
For decades, Shi Laihe and a group of villagers' committees have been focusing on people's education. The Party Committee of Liuzhuang Village has 15 members, among which 6 are responsible for ideological and political work. In the village, an ideological and political network has been established, in which Party committees contact branches, branches contact party member, farmers and cadres party member, and everyone has a task. There are more than 300 families in the village, and each family has democratically elected a head of the family, so that people who can manage money are responsible for the family's production and living arrangements and ideological and political work. In this way, in Liu Zhuang, the ideological and political work is managed by the village, the factory and the family, which truly realizes "joint management". Combined with the characteristics of farmers, Liuzhuang Village often uses the methods of comparing old and new society, comparing before and after reform and opening up, comparing treatment and contribution to inspire and guide the masses to carry out self-education. Through comparison, find the gap, compare the enthusiasm and stimulate the spirit of dedication.
Shortly after Huaxing Pharmaceutical Factory was officially put into production, once the workers who cleaned the fermentor were negligent and forgot to insert the leather tube after finishing the work. The culture medium that the next worker put into the tank was drained into the trench, and it was equivalent to 1 0,000 yuan in half an hour. According to the regulations, if such a thing happens, we will criticize and punish the workers who violate the operating rules, so that everyone can take a warning. Shi Laihe thinks further and further: it is more important to improve the scientific and cultural quality of Liuzhuang people than to build 10 Huaxing Pharmaceutical Factory. Shi Laihe said to the cadres: "Rural modernization needs farmers' knowledge. Without the knowledge of farmers, the foundation of rural modernization will not be solid. "
In order to improve the quality of Liuzhuang people in an all-round way, Liu Zhuang invested heavily in building high-standard schools, so that the dolls in the village can receive systematic education from kindergarten to high school without leaving the village. While selecting promising young people for further study in universities and scientific research units, Liu Zhuang invited universities to run classes in the village. The village has built a science and technology building, a satellite ground receiving station and a TV repeater, opened a library, a reading room and a home for young militia, and subscribed to more than 500 scientific and technological newspapers and periodicals every year, creating conditions for villagers to learn scientific and cultural knowledge. In Liu Zhuang, there are several unwritten rules, that is, girls who have not graduated from high school are not allowed to arrange jobs, and girls without high school education or above are not eligible to get married in Liu Zhuang; The daughter-in-law who has just passed the door must go to the scientific research team for several months of scientific and technological training, and can only arrange work after passing the examination.
At present, more than 140 people in Liu Zhuang have been rated as engineers, agronomists, accountants, technicians and first-and second-class technicians, and a large number of outstanding talents with modern industrial production and management skills play a key role in various positions.
1985 During the Spring Festival, several family leaders reported to the Party branch that some people from other villages spread feudal superstitious ideas when visiting relatives in Liu Zhuang, and some even took Liu Zhuang people to participate in feudal superstitious activities. Shi Laihe is keenly aware that if this trend is not stopped, Liu Zhuang people's faith in the Party and socialism will be shaken and the order of production and life in Liu Zhuang will be disturbed. At the initiative of Shi Laihe, Liuzhuang Village launched a big discussion against feudal superstition, so that the villagers could learn from the big discussion and consciously resist the bad style.
For decades, there has been no criminal case in Liu Zhuang, and no party member has violated discipline. From family planning, weddings and funerals to providing for the elderly, the cadres and the masses in Liu Zhuang consciously abide by socialist morality. The whole village 14 surname, more than 300 households, 1600 people. There are no clan conflicts and factional disputes, no feudal superstitions, gambling, fights, weddings and funerals and other unhealthy phenomena.
(Originally published in People's Daily, September 2003, first edition 15)
On September 4th, 2009, it was named as one of the people who moved China 100 since the founding of New China.