In the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, that is, 1368 and 12 in September, most of them were renamed Beiping House, meaning "the north is peaceful and peaceful", and Beiping became the name of Beijing for the first time. Judy, the founder of the late Ming Dynasty, moved to the capital. As the capital of the Ming Dynasty, in the 19th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (142 1), it was renamed as Beijing, corresponding to Nanjing, forming "thirteen divisions and two Beijing", which was the beginning of this name.

After the Revolution of 1911 (19 1 1), the provisional government of the Republic of China made Nanjing its capital in the first year of the Republic of China (19 12). In March of the same year, Yuan Shikai moved the interim government to Beijing, and Beijing became the capital again. In the early years of the Republic of China, Beijing's local system was still in accordance with the Qing system and was called Shuntianfu. Until the third year of the Republic of China (19 14), Shuntianfu was changed to Jingzhao, which was directly under the Beiyang government. During this period, Beijing established a new tram system and a number of modern cultural and educational institutions, such as Peking University, yenching university, Tsinghua University, Fu Jen Catholic University and Union Medical College.

In the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), the National Revolutionary Army went north to attack Beijing and Zhang Huiguan. Later, he was stabbed to death by the Japanese Kwantung Army in Huanggutun, and the flag was changed in the northeast, and the Beiyang government ended its operation.

After the Northern Expedition, the capital of China moved back to Nanking. Beijing-Zhaoping was revoked and renamed Beiping Special City. In June of the Republic of China 19 (1930), Beiping was downgraded to a municipality under the jurisdiction of Hebei Province, and in February of the same year, it was re-promoted to a municipality under the jurisdiction of the hospital, which is equivalent to today's municipality directly under the central government. During this period, although Beijing was no longer the capital, it still had a key advantage in education, with famous universities in China such as Peking University and Tsinghua, and was called "Boston of China" by international people.

After the July 7th Incident in the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937), Beiping was occupied by the Japanese army and renamed Beijing. In the 34th year of the Republic of China (1945), Japan declared its surrender to the Allies, and China and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression ended. On August 2 1 day of the same year, the Sun Lianzhong Department of the 11th War Zone took over Beijing and restored its original name to Beiping.

In order to fight against China, in the 36th year of the Republic of China (1947)165438+10, Jiang Zhongzheng ordered the establishment of the North China Anti-Bandit Command in Beiping. In the 38th year of the Republic of China (1949), Fu reached a peace agreement with China and led 250,000 defenders of the Republic of China to surrender. 1, 3 1, China People's Liberation Army entered Beiping peacefully, renamed Beijing, and Beiping entered history.