Liu Bei (16 1-223), namely Emperor Zhaolie of Shu Han, was born in Zhuoxian County, Zhuo Jun (now Zhuozhou, Hebei Province), a descendant of Mountain King of Hanzhong, a founding emperor and politician during the Three Kingdoms period, and reigned in 22 1-223. Emperor Zhaolie of posthumous title, the ancestor of the temple, was also called the late master by historians. Liu Bei is a commoner in Zhuo Jun. In 184, the yellow turban insurrectionary uprising, Liu Yu recruited a large number of soldiers. Liu Bei saw the art of war and read it as a descendant of the Han Dynasty, but he was unable to save the Han Dynasty, so he had to lament. At this time, they met Zhang Fei and they hit it off. They went to a bar to chat and met Guan Yu. They made vows in Taoyuan, begging for the Yellow Scarf Uprising. In 220, Cao Pi usurped the Han Dynasty to establish Wei State, and Liu Bei immediately established Shu State. In the same year, he avenged his brother Sun Quan's crusade and was defeated by Lu Xun. He died in Baidicheng in 223. Cao Cao Cao (155-220) was born in Mengde, the small character Azhen, a native of Geely, Han nationality, and a native of Peiguoqiao (now Bozhou, Anhui). China was a famous strategist, politician and poet in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. He was the founder and main founder of Wei in the Three Kingdoms period, and later Wang Wei. Cao Cao is a descendant of Liu Chen's two families, Cao Shi and Xiahou. 19 1 year, failed to assassinate Dong Zhuo and fled to Zhongmou to meet Chen Gong. Chen Gong was willing to give him a helping hand, so the two set out in Chenliu to gather their brothers. Cao Cao unified all parts of the Central Plains one after another. In 200, Yuan Shao was defeated in the battle of Guandu, and the Northern Expedition broke through Hebei and unified the north. 2 1 1 year, defeated Ma Chao and won the northwest. In 220, Cao Cao died in Xuchang and passed on to Cao Pi. Cao Pi usurped the Han throne, established the State of Wei and respected his father Cao Caowei. Sun Quan (182-252), Emperor Wudong, born in Fuchun (now Fuyang, Zhejiang), Zhongmou, Han nationality. Wu, the founding emperor of the Three Kingdoms period, reigned from 229 to 252. Sun Quan is the 22nd generation descendant of China strategist Sun Wu and the second son of Changsha satrap Sun Jian. Sun Quan and his eldest brother, Sun Ce, the marquis of Wu, settled Jiangdong, and Sun Ce died young in 200. Sun Quan succeeded to the throne as the Lord of Jiangdong. 20 1 year, Sun Quan captured Jian 'an City and unified Yangzhou. In 2008, Sun Quan and Liu Bei formed a joint force of Sun and Liu to fight Cao in Chibi, and Zhou Yu defeated Cao with a fire plan. This is the famous Battle of Red Cliffs in history. In 230 AD, Sun Quan sent Wei Wen, a minister, to Yizhou to develop today's Taiwan Province Province. About (162-220) Xianren, later changed to Yunchang, born in Hedong (now Yuncheng, Shanxi). The famous soldier in the late Eastern Han Dynasty has been following Liu Bei since he assembled his troops in the village. He is one of the most trusted generals of Liu Bei. In A.D. 184, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei became sworn friends in Taoyuan, Zhuo Jun County, and fought against the Yellow Scarf Army. Later, Xiapi was breached by Cao Cao, and Guan Yu held fast in Tu Shan. Zhang Liao, a general of Cao Caopai, said that Guan Yu had three terms. In 200 AD, Cao Cao was defeated in the Battle of the White Horse. Guan Yu saved everyone, defeated Yan Liang and Wen Chou, and solved the siege of the White Horse. Back in Xuchang, Guan Yu heard the news of his younger brother Liu Bei, and escorted two younger sisters-in-law to leave Xuchang alone, and went through five customs to find his younger brother. In 220 AD, Guan Yu was defeated by Monroe in Jingzhou and killed by Sun Quan. Zhang Fei (167-22 1), born in (now Zhuozhou, Hebei Province), was an important general of Shu and Han in the Three Kingdoms period. Official to ride a general, seal the marquis of Xixiang. Zhang Fei is the younger brother of Liu Bei and Guan Yu. In 200 AD, Zhang Fei was separated from his two brothers and went to the ancient city near Runan, where he tied the county magistrate and made his own county magistrate. Guan Yu came to vote, Zhang Fei thought Guan Yu was treacherous, took refuge in Cao Cao, drew his sword and left. Guan Yu killed Cao to show his loyalty, and Zhang Fei fell to the ground and cried and apologized to his second brother. When Liu Bei entered Sichuan, Zhang Fei also showed his wisdom many times. Considering Luocheng, Yan Yan was released, but he couldn't fight the Wakouguan Pass, so he got drunk and opened his mouth. In 22 1 year, Zhang Fei was anxious to avenge his brother. He was drunk and whipped soldiers every day and was killed by his subordinates. Zhou Yu (175-2 10) was born in Shu County, Lujiang, Han nationality (southwest of Lujiang County, Anhui Province). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wu Dong was a famous general and was called "Zhou Lang" because of his handsome appearance. Zhou Yu is proficient in military affairs and has an extraordinary temperament. Jiangdong has always had the saying that "if Song is wrong, it must be managed". In 208 AD, under the command of Zhou Yu, the combined forces of Sun and Liu defeated Cao Cao's army in Chibi with fire attack, which also laid the foundation for three-thirds of the world. In 2 10, Zhou Yu died of illness at the age of 36. Zhang Liao, Zhang Liao (169—222), Wen Yuan, Han nationality, Yanmen Mayi (now Dafu Village, Shuocheng District, Shanxi Province). During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Wei was a famous general, from official to former general, general Zheng Dong and Jinyang Hou. Later generations called him the "Five Generals" of Cao Wei with Le Jin, Yu Jin, Zhang He and Huang Xu. Zhang Liao was originally the Ministry of Ding Yuan, but because Lu Bu killed Ding Yuan, he took refuge in Dong Zhuo. Later, Dong Zhuo was killed, and Zhang Liao followed Lu Bu to compete for the Central Plains. In 222 AD, Zhang Liao died of illness. Zhuge Liang (18 1 234 July 23-August 28), born in Yang Du (now yinan county, Linyi City, Shandong Province), Han nationality, was an outstanding politician, strategist, inventor and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period. When he was alive, he was named Wuxiang Hou, and he was called Zhong Wuhou. Later, in order to admire Zhuge Liang's military talents, the Eastern Jin regime named him King Wuxing. The representative works include Front Model, Back Model and Book of Commandments. Invented wooden ox and flowing horse, Kongming lantern and so on. Zhuge Liang was highly respected in later generations. There is a temple of marquis of Wu in Chengdu, and the great poet Du Fu praised Zhuge Liang's masterpiece "Book of Letters", which was handed down from generation to generation.

Liu Bei: Chen Shou's evaluation of Liu Bei is: "Hongyi is generous, knows people and treats scholars, and is a hero in the style of Gao Zu." And entrusted the whole country to Zhuge Liang, but with the same mind, sincere monarch and minister serve the public and prosper in ancient and modern times. If you have no right to do something, you can't catch Wei Wu. Because the cardinality is too narrow. However, he "persisted, and he would never do it." "In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the author described Liu Bei as a representative of the benevolent, who was the orthodox successor of the imperial power in the Han Dynasty. Therefore, it is extremely exaggerated to describe Liu Bei's kind, generous and kind-hearted personality, but while highlighting his kindness, he fell into an incompetent side, giving people the feeling of incompetence and hypocrisy. Liu Bei in TV plays is often Lacrimosa. Although crying and tears show Liu Bei's benevolence and righteousness, they give people the impression that Liu Bei's world is crying, distorting Liu Bei's true image as a "lean" and "outstanding person".

Guan Yu: In history, Guan Yu was the tiger general of "ten thousand enemies". He is proud and has no regrets, and his grievances are clear. He is famous for his loyalty, but he is "righteous and proud" and has more courage and less wisdom. After Ma Chao surrendered to Liu Bei, he was named General of the Day. When Guan Yu was in charge of Jingzhou, he wrote a book with Zhuge Liang, "Ask who can compare with the super talent." Zhuge Liang wrote back that Ma Chao is a great man in the world, but he is not as good as Guan Yu's "peerless", and Guan Yu "keeps books to entertain himself as a guest." This is a typical brave and foolhardy military commander's character. However, in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, because he is a member of Liu Bei's camp and has the characteristics of loyalty, he is portrayed as the embodiment of benevolence and righteousness. He followed Liu Bei and did not avoid difficulties and obstacles. Xiapi was captured and surrendered to Cao Cao, but his heart was tied to Liu Bei. He just thought that Cao Cao was very kind to him, so he killed Yuan Shao's general Yan Liang for Cao Cao before returning Liu, and lifted the siege of the white horse. But what is written in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is that Guan Yu met three times when Pi surrendered, and Cao Cao had a small banquet on the third day and a big banquet on the fifth day, but it was false. In short, in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the author described Guan Yu as a "righteous man", so his image was seriously distorted.

Cao Cao: In history, Cao Cao's character is very complicated. Chen Shou thinks that Cao Cao is "the first in the history of the Three Kingdoms". "The magic of application and transaction, Han Bai's unique strategy, and the official licensing materials have their own tools, and they are sentimental and don't forget the old evils." Cao Cao has been in charge of the army for more than 30 years, but he can't let go. He must be endowed when he climbs high. He is better at poetry, cursive script and Go. Live frugally and don't pay attention to clothes. Discuss with others, laughing and laughing. "Honor should be rewarded, generous daughter; Nothing can be done, nothing can be done. " He is a first-rate politician, strategist and writer in the history of China. In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, these good aspects of Cao Cao's character and morality are ignored, while his cruel and treacherous side is exaggerated. Therefore, Luo Guanzhong's Cao Cao is a typical treacherous, cruel, willful and suspicious villain.

Zhou Yu: Zhou Yu in history was "generous", modest and obedient, and "open and ambitious". Liu Bei called him "the plan of civil and military affairs, the English of ten thousand people." Sun Quan praised him as "the capital of Wang Zuo". However, in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yu became the bottom figure of Zhuge Liang. Zhou Yu was written to raise Zhuge Liang. Therefore, Zhou Yu in Romance of the Three Kingdoms is narrow-minded and always inferior to Zhuge Liang in wisdom. Unlike Su Shi and Zhou Yu's "heroic, black scarf, laughing and laughing" and "romantic figure of the ages", he became the person who suffered the most injustice in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

Lu Su: If the characters of Cao Cao, Liu Bei, Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu and others in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms are distorted, but there is still some basis, then in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Lu Su is almost completely fabricated except for his name. Lu Su in history was "in the army, never leaving his book", "far-sighted" and "brilliant". When he first met Sun Quan, he put forward the founding policy: set foot in the east of the Yangtze River, reject Cao Cao in the north, wait for the destruction of Huang Zu, head for Liu Biao, who was accidentally discovered in the Yangtze River, and then build the so-called emperor for the world. This is similar to Zhuge Liang's longzhong pair. When Cao Cao's army marched south to Jingzhou, Sun Quan's men all surrendered, but Lu Su advocated resisting Cao and advised Sun Quan to recall Zhou Yu in order to defend the plan in the commercial war. After Battle of Red Cliffs, he urged-Cao. In the history of Wu Dong, Lu Su was a real Zhuge Liang figure, and Sun Quan also admired him very much. The establishment and development of Wu was basically carried out in accordance with the political strategy and strategic policy put forward by Lu Su. However, in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Lu Su became a victim of the wits and wits of Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu, a typical example of being fooled and bullied.

Wei Yan: Brave, daring, repetitive and cunning.

Jiang Wei: Loyalty, scheming and loyalty to the monarch.

Sun Quan: Be bold, take the overall situation into consideration, be sensible, and distinguish between loyalists and traitors.

On his deathbed, he left Zhuge Liang alone.

3. Zhang Fei-a concise historical biography

I met Liu Guan in Zhuo Jun, worked with Guan Yu in Liu Bei's place, and regarded Guan Yu as my brother. As Liu Bei helped Cao Cao defeat Lu Bu, he was awarded the corps commander. In Dangyang Changosaka, Zhang Fei led twenty riders to break the bridge by water and stopped Cao Cao's army. No one dared to enter Cao Jun, Liu Bei pacified Jingzhou, Zhang Fei served as prefect, General Lu and Xinting. When Liu Bei entered Shu, Zhang Fei and Kong Ming went upstream to Jiangzhou and were released by Yan Yan, the prefect. Yizhou was pacified, and Zhang Fei was appointed as the Brazilian satrap, which quickly repelled Zhang He's attack. It is a festival for Liu Bei to flatter Wang Hanzhong and make Zhang Fei the right general. In the first year of Zhangwu, he moved to ride a general, led a captain of the official department, and entered Xixiang Hou. After Liu Bei attacked Wu, Zhang Feiben led ten thousand soldiers to Jiangzhou from Langzhong. Before he left, he was killed by Zhang Da and Fan Jiang. After chasing, the more Huan Hou.

Zhang Fei-Romantic Biography

Zhang Fei became sworn to Liu Bei and Guan Yu in Taoyuan. Zhang Fei ranked third and conquered the Yellow Scarf with Liu Bei. Liu Bei was sealed as a plain and Zhang Fei was a Sima in another department. Xuzhou city was broken, and Zhang Fei occupied the ancient city and made a county magistrate. Cao Cao pacified Jingzhou, and Zhang Fei led more than twenty riders. He immediately mounted the long cold watch, scaring Cao Jun away for dozens of miles. After Liu Bei entered Shu, Zhang Fei led reinforcements along the river and attacked numerous cities without hesitation. Later, he was named general of the Five Tigers of Shu Han. After Guan Yu's death, Zhang Fei was heartbroken. He drank and whipped his men every day and was killed by his men while sleeping.

4. Guan Yu (? —2 19) was born in Hedong (now Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province) county during the Huan period of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Famous soldiers of Shu and Han in the Three Kingdoms period. After his death, he was revered by the people and praised by the court. He was honored as Guan and also called Bodhisattva by Buddhism.

trait

Guan Yu and Hu Zimei, ten thousand enemies, loyalty and righteousness; Be good at reading Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals, and you can read it like a stream. When he surrendered to Cao Ying, although he was treated with courtesy, he turned his heart to Liu Bei. Be kind to the foot soldiers. I even curetted bones to cure poison. I was once injured by a poisonous arrow. Every rainy day, the bones don't hurt. A famous doctor said that I had to scrape bones and detoxify before I could recover. Guan Yu immediately extended his arm to the doctor and began to scrape the bone, and the blood flowed to the plate. But Guan Yu ate meat and drank wine, as cool as a cucumber.

But he is proud by nature and is very proud of literati. I have a bad relationship with my colleagues. For example, after Huang paid homage to the general, he said angrily, "The brave will never be in the same column as the veteran!" " Fortunately, Liu Bei sent Fei Shi to explain. Mi Fang, Stone Man and Pan Jun are all different from Guan Yu.

evaluate

Chen Shou, the author of the Three Kingdoms, commented: "Guan Yu and Zhang Fei are all enemies, and the tiger ministers in the world. Feathering Cao Gong, flying Yan Yan, has the wind of a national scholar. But the feather is just proud, flying violently without grace, and it is normal to defeat with short service. "

Wen Hui: "Guan Yu is sharp."

Monroe: "Thinking people are long and eager to learn, and easy to read Zuo Zhuan. They are smart and masculine, but they are quite conceited, so they are good people. " "Although there is a family today, and Guan Yu is a bear or a tiger, is it safe?"

Shu Wei Cui Yanbo biography: "Cui Gong, ancient Zhang Guan also."

You can refer to the brave part of Zhang Guan in Volume 7 of Zhao Yi's Notes on the Twenty-two Histories, and sort out in detail the materials that the ancients used Guan Yu or Zhang Guan as synonyms for brave generals.

Birth dispute

In the Guandi Temple in Changping Village, Yuncheng, China, there is an inscription on the tombstone of Mu Houzu, a former general in the 19th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1680). He was born on June 24th, the 3rd year of Huan (160), and stood on the stone plate in the 2nd year of Qing Emperor Chongqi (1629). Besides, there are several popular sayings about Guan Yu's birthday. Comparing and studying several materials, it is more credible that public opinion believes that Guan Yu was born on June 22nd in the third year of Yan Xi [1].

However, this information has always been controversial. Guan Yu's birth is not recorded in the History of the Three Kingdoms and other historical materials of the same period. In addition, the content of Guandi's history mostly comes from Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which is not a rigorous historical material. The research on the inscription of sacrificial field and the tombstone inscription of former general Guan Zhuang Mu Houzu is not strict. And the biographies of celebrities in China compiled by Wang et al. -2 19), so there is still no exact and reliable information.

5. Lu Bu

Tall (estimated to be over 190m), handsome in appearance and strong in martial arts. Lu Bu is not only well dressed, but also likes to be cool. As soon as he appeared, he was "imposing, holding a square-painted halberd and glaring", which was simply cool. He often takes a square halberd and rides a red rabbit BMW to pick up girls everywhere. At that time, it was called "Lyu3 bu4 in the crowd, red rabbit in the horse pile".

Lu Bu is from Jiuyuan County, Wuyuan County. He is good at riding and shooting. Known as General Fei, he is famous in Bing. Ding Yuan, secretariat of history, with cloth as the main book. After Dong Zhuo entered Beijing, he induced Lu Bu to kill Ding Yuan and led his men to vote. When Dong Zhuo saw his personal servant, he ordered Buqi to ride a captain and left and right attendants. Buyi is also Dong Zhuo's father. But Dong Zhuo often wants to kill Bu because of his small anger. Bu was afraid and killed Dong Zhuo at the instigation of Stuart Wangyun. Zhuo Dang and others gathered together as thieves to attack Chang 'an, but Bu couldn't refuse and fled everywhere, taking refuge in Yuan Shu, Yuan Shao, and so on. Finally, under the planning of Zhang Miao and Chen Gong, he entered Yanzhou and fought fiercely with Cao Cao several times. Winning first and then losing, he took refuge in Xuzhou Liu Bei and stationed in Xiaopei. Lu Bu seized Xuzhou by Liu Bei's attack on Yuan Shu, and then made peace with Bei under the mediation of Cao Cao. Yuan Shu attacked Liu Bei, and Lu Bu made a bet on shooting Ji at Yuanmen, forcing him to retreat. Yuan Shu rose up and attacked Lu Bu, and Lu Bu was defeated. But after Cao Cao and Liu Bei joined forces to attack, they were trapped in Xiapi. Although Buyi is fierce, he is suspicious and has no plan. He believes in his wife's words and does not believe in the words of the group. In March, Cao Cao hacked everywhere, and the Lyu3 bu4 army flew up and down, tying Hou Cheng, Song Xian and Xu Wei to Chen Gong's hands to surrender. Lyu3 bu4 also tied, and Chen Gong and Seibel were slaughtered in the White Gate Tower. Lyu3 bu4 is frivolous, cunning and mercenary, which doomed him to be a hero for a while and not a great cause.

6.zhao yun

Zhao Yun is eight feet long and magnificent.

The five tigers in Shu ranked third. Zilong, a native of Zhengding, Changshan (now Zhengding, Hebei), is famous for his bravery and good fighting skills. Originally a subordinate of Gongsun Zan, he later returned to Liu Bei. Liu Bei was defeated in Dangyang Changbanpo, and Zhao Yun went in and out of Cao Cao's million-strong army, saving Mrs. Gan and Dou. Liu Bei married his relatives in Wu Dong, and Zhao Yun led the guards. Later, he cut off the river to save Dou and used a pike. He is unpredictable and brave. He participated in countless battles in his life and made many outstanding achievements. After the worship of the general of the foreign army, the general of the army conquered the south and sealed Yongchang Pavilion. In 227 AD, Zhuge Liang attacked Guanzhong, lost in Jigu Valley, and returned to Hanzhong, where he died at the age of 73.

7. General Gan Ning of the State of Wu. The word Xingba was born in Linjiang (now Zhongxian County, Sichuan Province). At first I followed Liu Biao and Huang Zu. After Huang Zubing was defeated and killed, he surrendered to Sun Quan. As a famous general of the water army, he is brave and extraordinary. He often took the lead in wars and made outstanding contributions all his life. Cao Jun led a hundred death squads to attack Cao at night, and returned with a great victory, leaving no one injured. When Liu Bei attacked Wu, he was shot dead by Fan Wangsha. When he died, there were hundreds of crows in the tree, which surrounded his body and did not fly away. Sun Quan was deeply saddened by the news of Gan Ning's death and set up a temple to worship.

8. Zhang Liao, whose name is Wen Yuan, was born in Yanmen Mayi (now Shuoxian County, Shanxi Province). He worked for Ding Yuan, a subordinate of Bing secretariat, and later joined Dong Zhuo. After Dong Zhuo's death, Zhang Liao led troops to take refuge in Lu Bu, and served as the riding captain under Lu Bu. Later, Lu Bu was defeated by Cao Cao and Liu Bei, and finally took refuge in Cao Cao. Strong martial arts, extraordinary courage, resourcefulness, and many achievements. In the 20th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 15), Sun Quan attacked Hefei. He led more than 800 death squads to defend the city, courageously raided and defeated Wu Jun. When Wu Jun heard the name of Zhang Liao, everyone was frightened. Even the children of Wu cried at night, but he was afraid to cry when he heard the word Zhang Liao. In the year of Huang San (222), Cao Pi made a personal expedition and divided the troops into three ways to attack Wu. Zhang Liao and his generals defeated Lu Fanjun, the general of Wu Dong, and died in the army.

9. Zhuge Liang

Eight feet long, with a face like a crown jade, wearing a black silk scarf and a crane, it looks like a fairy. In addition, the novel also mentions in other chapters that Zhuge Liang often took a feather fan and rode in a four-wheeled vehicle after he took charge of Liu Bei's army. In short, the stereotype of Zhuge Liang's appearance in the novel is: wearing a black silk scarf, wearing a crane, holding a feather fan, and sometimes riding a four-wheeled vehicle.

Do your best. After death, 54 people (465,438+0.5%) did what they knew they couldn't do, 8 people (6.2%) practiced frugality to support morality, 2 people (65,438+0.5%) had no complaints despite the harsh criminal law, and 6 people (4.6%) advised Ye Ming with a clear conscience (education is the main thing). Skilled in thinking, good at inventing and creating 7(5.4%) essays, 0(0%) excellent, cautious and not impulsive, 3(2.3%) kind and meticulous, not appreciative, evil without fiber 1(0.8%), realistic, 2( 1.5%). Mastering everything 6(4.6%), outstanding eloquence 1(0.8%), intensive study of metaphysics 1(0.8%) has its own unique aesthetic view, talent and kindness = beauty 1 1(8.5%), and the selection of talents can pay more attention to morality.

10. Sun Quan

The Historical Evaluation of Sun Quan

◆ Chen Shou: "Sun Quan bowed his head and endured humiliation, and his talents are still counted. There is a wonder of Gou Jian, and the British are outstanding. Therefore, I can be good at Jiang Biao and become a career. But the nature is too taboo, fruit is killing, and it is very nourishing at the end of the year. As for "traveling" and "three-dimensional heir", what is the so-called "giving Jue Sun Mou Yan Ji to him"? Later, Ye Ling arrived late, so he returned to China, probably not because of this. "

◆ Liu Bei: Sun Qi is long, short and difficult. I can't see him anymore. Yangshan gongzai chicken

Cao Cao: Give birth to a child like Sun Zhongmou. Wu Li

19 years old, Sun Quan succeeded his brother Sun Ce, who was defeated by Huang Zu in Jiangdong. After Wu Dong joined forces with Liu Bei, Cao was defeated by Cao Jun in Battle of Red Cliffs. Soochow later fought Cao near Hefei, retaken Jingzhou from Liu Bei, killed Guan Yu and shattered Liu Bei's crusade army. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, Sun Quan proclaimed himself emperor to the north first, then Jianwu proclaimed himself emperor and moved to Jianye.

Sun Quan is decisive and brave. He used to be very calm when he was exploring Wei Jun's lineup. Wei Jun's bows and arrows were all shot, and the arrows were concentrated on one side of the ship. Sun Quan ordered the boat to turn around, and then it was hit by an arrow on the other side. It was not until the arrows were aligned and the boat was flat that it sailed back safely. He is quite talented in "reading and passing on history". He once wrote to Cao Cao and said, "Spring water can only be born. Go to your first step quickly and don't die. Can't be alone. " The word 16 is of great significance.

In the 13th year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 208), Cao Cao defeated Liu Biao and won Jingzhou in an attempt to destroy Wu in one fell swoop. He claimed to Sun Quan: "Today, 800,000 Fang Zhi Water Army will treat the cat in Wu." Sun Quan was not intimidated by Cao Cao's aggressiveness. He resolutely adopted Lu Su's suggestion and made an alliance with Liu Bei. In the famous Battle of Red Cliffs, he defeated Cao Jun with fire attack tactics, which laid a tripartite confrontation between the three countries.

Sun Quan sized up the situation and considered choosing a suitable political center again. In the sixteenth year of Jian 'an (AD 2 1 1), after listening to the opinions of all parties, he resolutely decided to move the capital from Jingkou (now Zhenjiang) to Moling (now Nanjing) and build Shicheng in Shishi Mountain. The following year, Moling was changed to Jianye. In the second year of Huang Chu (AD 2 1 1), it was renamed Wuchang because it competed with Liu Bei for Jingzhou, and in order to direct the war against Shu, Sun Yicheng in Jingzhou was the political center. In April of the first year of Huanglong (AD 229), Sun Quan proclaimed himself emperor in Wuchang. In September of the same year, the capital moved back from Wuchang to "the boat and car are convenient and the risks are endless: the fields are loose and there are losses; A company that can enter and fight, retreat and defend. In this way, Sun Quan created the capital history of Nanjing.

Sun Quan plans to build Jianye Capital, which is 20 miles around the city, 19 steps. Jianye City, Shitou Town and Danyang County outside the city all have magnificent Miyagi and government offices, houses and temples, and all have markets with concentrated population and prosperous business. Jianye, founded by Sun Quan, became a real city in ancient times and laid the foundation for the future development of Nanjing.

Sun Quan has made great contributions to the development of Jianye and even the whole Jiangnan area. He took many measures to encourage the development of production. He "personally recovered the land" and replaced eight cattle used for driving with farm cattle to show his support for agricultural production. He also ordered that the official official be forbidden to recruit farmers to take corvee when they are busy at home, so as to ensure the construction of water conservancy during the production period, dredge and expand the Qinhuai River waterway, and open up Pogangdu, Du Yun, Dongqu and Chaogou. At that time, there were thousands of skilled handicraft workers in Jianye City, engaged in silk weaving, smelting and casting. Sun Quan also developed navigation, sending generals Wei Wen and Zhuge Zhi to Yizhou (now Taiwan Province Province), sending envoys to Liaodong Peninsula and Hainan countries, and some envoys to Koguryo, Funan (now Cambodia), Lin Yi (now central Vietnam) and Nanyang Islands. In 247 AD, Jianchu Temple was also built for Buddhist monks in the Western Regions, which was the first Buddhist temple in Jinling.

Sun Quan ruled Jiangdong for 5 1 year. His life was the golden age of Wu's entrepreneurship. In his later years, Sun Deng, a talented prince, unfortunately died young, and his other sons fought for the throne, which greatly weakened Wu. In the second year of Taiyuan (AD 252), Sun Quan, an outstanding politician living east of the Yangtze River, died in disappointment. 7 1 year-old, buried in the Yang of Jiangshan (now Meihua Mountain in Zijin Mountain).

1 1. Zhou Yu

Zhou Yu befriended Sun Ce since childhood, and Sun Ce swept Jiangdong when Yuan Shu rose. Then I went back to guard Danyang. Yuan Shu admired Zhou Yu's talent and wanted to hire Zhou Yu as a general, but Zhou Yu refused on the grounds that Yuan Shu could not achieve great things. Later, he tried to find Sun Ce as a corps commander, and Sun Ce treated him very well. At the same time, he married Er Qiao, who is known as the "national color", and became his brother-in-law. After the assassination of Sun Ce, Zhou Yu and Zhang Zhao assisted Sun Quan, who was in charge of military and political affairs. In Battle of Red Cliffs, he argued with Cao Cao and commanded the whole army to join forces with Cao Jun in Wulin, winning. After Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhou Yu advised Sun Quan to appease Liu Bei in Wu Jun and kill his will with beautiful women and playthings, but Sun Quan did not adopt it. Sun Quan later adopted Zhou Yu's suggestion and planned to send troops to capture Shu, destroy Zhang Lu and then destroy Cao Cao. Zhou Yu died in Baling while preparing for war in Gangneung at the age of 36. Sun Quan once mourned for his plain clothes. Zhou Yu was cheerful and generous, and won Wayne significantly. Be proficient in melody, even if you are drunk, you can hear melody errors.

12. Ma Chao (175-222), Mengzi, male. Known as "Ma Jin Chao", Fufeng Maoling (now northeast of Xingping, Shaanxi) was a noble family, and he was a Shu general in the Three Kingdoms. His father, Marten, kept his name. After General Han, his father, Ma Su, was named Zi Shuo. When Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty was a county commandant in Tianshui, he lost his official position in Longxi and married the girl Marten. Therefore, Ma Chao has a quarter of Qiang descent.

Respondent: jbr Pb- first grade of probation 12-2 10:48.

Zhuge Liang is wise and loyal. Do your best until you die.

Liu Bei is very kind.

Cao Cao is suspicious.

Zhang Fei is coarse and fine, and has a bad temper.

Guan Yu Xinyi

Huang Zhong is strong in his old age.

Zhao Yun is very brave.

Lu Su is honest and honest.

Zhou Yu is narrow-minded

Lyu3 bu4 is meaningless and is called the slave of the three surnames.

Zhao Yun (? -229), a native of the Three Kingdoms Changshan Zhending (now Zhengding South, Hebei Province), was named Zilong. First from Gongsun Zan, then to Liu Bei. Cao Cao took Jingzhou, and Liu Bei was defeated by Dangyang Changosaka. He saved Mrs. Gump and her son. Liu Bei got Yizhou, served as general of Yijun, and attacked Hanzhong. In the sixth year of lite (AD 228), he tackled the problem from Zhuge Liang, divided his forces and rejected Cao Zhen's main force. He was outnumbered and returned to Hanzhong, where he died the following year. He once rejected Cao Cao's army with dozens of riders and was praised by Liu Bei as "everyone has courage."

Huang zhong (? -220 years), the word Hansheng, was born in Nanyang, Jingzhou (now Nanyang City, Henan Province). Famous soldiers of Shu and Han in the Three Kingdoms period.

Huang Zhongyuan worked as a corps commander under Liu Biao, a warlord in Jingzhou, and stayed in Youxian County, Changsha with Liu Pan, a subordinate of Liu Biao. After Cao Cao invaded Jingzhou in the south, he remained a general and was under the command of Han Xuan, the prefect of Changsha.

Battle of Red Cliffs, Liu Beizheng Jingnan four counties. Wuling satrap Jin Xuan, Changsha satrap Han Xuan, Guiyang satrap Zhao Fan and Lingling satrap Liu Du surrendered. Huang Zhonghou took refuge in Liu Bei with Han Xuan and entered Sichuan with Liu Bei's army. After Liu Bei and Liu Zhang broke up, Huang Zhong was ordered to attack Chengdu in Jiamengguan, taking the lead and winning the title of the three armies. After Yizhou took office, he was named General Lakeru.

In 2 19, Liu Bei attacked Hanzhong in the north. In the battle of Dingjun Mountain, Huang Zhong still led his soldiers to kill the enemy bravely against the elite troops. General Wei even killed Xia, defeated him and was promoted to the general of the Western Expedition. In the same year, Liu Bei claimed to be the king of Hanzhong, changed Huang Zhong to the post-general, and conferred the title of Hou in Guannei, on an equal footing with Zhang Fei, Ma Chao and Guan Yu. Huang Zhong died of illness the following year. Just waiting for you.

Now there is a "Huangzhong Tomb" in Huangzhong Village, Yingmenkou, the western suburb of Chengdu, Sichuan.

Huang zhong-personal file

Personal data gender male

Native place [Jingzhou] Nanyang [now Nanyang, Henan]

White beard

When the official arrived, the general said that he was just waiting.

Family information, unknown father

Mother unknown

Unknown spouse

Brothers and sisters have no relevant information at present.

The child has no relevant information at present.

Related figures Liu Biao Han Xuanxia Guan Yu

Wei Yi | Cong

Huang Zhong —— A Concise Historical Biography

Originally Huang Zhong was Liu Biao's subordinate, guarding Changsha with Liu Pan. After Liu Biao's death, Huang Zhongxian was subordinate to Cao Cao, and then entered Xichuan with Liu Bei. In the battle to seize surprisingly, he always charged ahead, killed the enemy bravely and made outstanding achievements repeatedly. Loyal soldiers fought for the battles of Hanzhong and Dingjunshan. Huang Zhong led many relatives to kill Xia, a famous Wei, and occupied Hanzhong. Huang Zhong was promoted as a post-general because of his meritorious service, and was tied with Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Ma Chao and Zhao Yun. Died in the twenty-fifth year of Jian 'an.

Huang Zhong-Romantic Biography

Huang Zhong is one of the five generals of Shu Han. He was originally a general under Han Xuan. He is nearly sixty years old, and he still has the courage to shoot a westward journey with a bow and arrow. Huang Zhong and Guan Yu who came to Changsha fought for three days, regardless of the outcome. Huang Zhong was moved by Guan Yu's loyalty and couldn't bear to hurt each other with bows and arrows. Han Xuan, the satrap, bravely fought Guan Yu, but was saved by Wei Yan and surrendered to Liu Bei. Huang Zhong followed Liu Bei into Xichuan, where he made great achievements. Later, he led the army to take Hanzhong, and Dingjun Mountain personally beheaded Xia, which was the first hero to take Hanzhong. Liu Bei attacked Wu to avenge Guan Yu. Regardless of his age, Huang Zhong made him a pioneer and killed Ma Zhong by surprise for Wu. He died after returning to the camp.

Huang Zhong's Historical Evaluation

Zhuge Liang: The reputation of loyalty and righteousness has nothing to do with Guan and Ma Zhilun, but it is the same now. The horse and Zhang are close at hand, and seeing is believing, which is still a metaphor; Guan Yao will be unhappy when he hears this, and he will be so sad! San Guo Shu Shu Liu Shu

▓ Chen Shou: Loyalty always leads the way and bravely champions the three armies. San Guo Shu Shu Liu Shu

▓: Huang Zhong and Zhao are strong and fierce, and they are their minions. What are their followers? San Guo Shu Shu Liu Shu

▓ Yang Xi: It's the right time for a general to be strong, climb high and look far, and make contributions. Shu Shu in the Three Kingdoms 15

Directory [hidden]

1 family

1. 1 sub

2 evaluation

3 references

[edit] family

[Editor] Son

Huang Xu died young. No children.

[edit] evaluation

The reflection commented: "Huang Zhong and Zhao are strong and fierce, and they are slaves. Are they followers of Guan Shui and Teng? "

In Yang's "Han Jizan", he praised: "The general is strong, ruined peaks and climbed difficulties, made meritorious deeds, and was in the right place at the right time."

[edit] reference

Reflection? Shu Shu? Huang Zhongchuan "

Five tiger generals of Shu army

Zhang Guanyu Ma Fei Zhao Chao Huang Yunzhong

The five generals of the Shu army are fictional in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and they are not included in historical facts.