Xia, Shang, Zhou [Western Zhou, Eastern Zhou (Spring and Autumn and Warring States)], Qin, Han (Western Han and Eastern Han), Three Kingdoms Period (Wei, Shu, Wu), Jin (Western Jin and Eastern Jin), Sixteen Countries in Wuhu, Southern and Northern Dynasties [Southern Dynasties (Song, Qi, Liang, Chen),

Northern Dynasties (Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Qi and Northern Zhou)], Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties (Hou Liang, Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Han, Later Zhou), Ten Kingdoms [Qian Shu, Later Shu, Wu, Southern Tang, wuyue, Fujian, Chu, Southern Han, Nanping (Jingnan),

Sixteen countries: During the Sixteen Countries Period, Jiangnan and Jingxiang areas of the Han Dynasty were controlled by the Eastern Jin Dynasty, while more than 20 countries were established in the north and southwest of the Han Dynasty.

Sixteen countries, including Han Cheng, Zhao Qian, Houzhao, Liang Qian, Beiliang, Xiliang, Hou Liang, Nanliang, Yan Qian, Houyan, Southern Yan, Beiyan, Xia, Qianqin, Xiqin and Houqin, are very powerful. Cui Hong, a historian of the Northern Wei Dynasty, took sixteen countries as the representative of this period and called them "sixteen countries".