1. Production is the measure of all social progress in history, and the development level of social productive forces determines the progress of human society.

2. The relations of production that are compatible with the development of certain productive forces constitute the realistic basis of a certain social form and economic structure, and stipulate the main characteristics of the social form.

3. A certain social form is the unity of a certain economic base and a certain superstructure, and the nature of the economic base determines the changes of the superstructure. Superstructure serves the economic base and reacts on it.

All social systems and social forms are temporary stages in the endless development of human society from low level to high level. There is no eternal social system and form, and the prosperity of social system is the result of the development of basic social contradictions.

Social relations should mature from the old society under certain material conditions, and social forms will only perish when all the productive forces it contains are brought into play.

5. The concrete social forms existing in reality are complicated. At every stage of the development of human society, there are not only the dominant social forms, but also the remnants and buds of other social forms.

6. The general law of human society is from primitive society to slavery, feudalism and capitalism to socialism and capitalist society. This is a natural historical development process, and social productive forces are the fundamental driving force to promote social and historical progress.

7. The history of human society is an objective development process independent of the subjective consciousness of researchers, with certain regularity. When people study history and explore social laws, they must proceed from objective historical facts, possess materials in detail, analyze its various development forms, reveal its internal relations and get corresponding results.

8. Human society and its components exist in a holistic and systematic way, so we should proceed from the whole research object, from the interaction and contradiction within the research object and the interaction between the research object and the external environment.

In the objective historical process, all social and historical factors are interactive.

10. Human society moves regularly, developing from low level to high level. It appears as a historical process, and various social phenomena that constitute the historical process are also moving and developing.

We should look at everything in history from the perspective of development, grasp the essential relationship and internal contradictions of the object from the perspective of dialectics, mention the research object in a certain range, and analyze the specific problems in detail, so as to accurately grasp the object.

Xi。 The development and change of social and historical things can be divided into evolution (reform) and revolution.

Twelve. The root of social and historical development lies in its complex internal and external contradictions.

Thirteen. In the objective historical process, environment creates people and people create environment.

14. The study of social history is not a simple process of negative reflection, but a dialectical unity process of mutual infiltration and interaction between subject and object.

Extended data:

foreword

Any point of view that the existence and development of society comes from history, the existence and development of society can not be separated from history, and society and history are inevitably related is a historical materialism point of view. Historical materialism has the following characteristics when looking at and dealing with problems:

How to treat the problem of history

Recognizing history and thinking that history itself is the source of all things has solved a proposition in philosophy-the origin of things. Everything is not produced out of thin air, and it must have its predecessor or antecedent. Our present is the change or consequence of the predecessor or antecedent.

Maybe you have to ask: this question is very simple. Is there any denial of history in reality? Why not? Actually, there is. For example, we sometimes criticize someone for forgetting their ancestors, and even some people have dark and ugly purposes, not only denying history, but also distorting and tampering with it.

Don't those who refuse to recognize Taiwan Province Province as a part of the Chinese nation and are bent on splitting Taiwan Province Province forget their ancestors? Some people with ulterior motives in Japan do not recognize historical aggression and tamper with history.

In reality, some people are ashamed to mention the original poverty situation after reaching a certain position, and even dare not recognize their honest and simple relatives in front of everyone. This is also a manifestation of not daring to face history. It seems that acknowledging history sometimes requires courage, integrity and backbone.

Only by acknowledging history first can we respect history. There are many manifestations of respecting history: acknowledging the truth of history, acknowledging the mistakes of the past, acknowledging the merits and achievements of our ancestors, assuming due historical responsibilities, enjoying due historical rights and interests, and so on.

Newton once said modestly, "I may see farther than Descartes, because I stand on the shoulders of many giants." This is both a virtue and a historical viewpoint. Aren't our knowledge, experience, foundation and conditions all inherited and developed from our ancestors?

Genius also needs certain historical conditions, and it is not created out of thin air. If you don't admit your mistake, you are a rogue; If you don't recognize a country's existing territory and sovereignty, you will have an excuse to infringe on others; If you don't recognize legal inheritance, you will evade your responsibility ... It seems that not recognizing and respecting history is not only a matter of attitude, but also will lead to serious wrong consequences.

How to make use of historical issues

Looking at, analyzing and dealing with problems from a historical perspective will be more comprehensive, objective, realistic, wise and closer to the objective law of things themselves.

First of all, from a historical point of view, we will be more understanding and inclusive. There is a saying: "History makes heroes", which is also a view of history. This is what kind of historical environment makes what kind of heroes.

There are many historical events created by historical figures, and many of us today seem a bit incredible. In fact, it may be easy to understand as long as you contact the background of the times at that time.

For example, Li Shimin launched the Xuanwumen incident in order to compete for the throne. How cruel it was for ancient people to kill their brothers in order to compete for the throne! In fact, as long as you understand the formation, differences and incompatibility of the two forces at that time, you will know that such a thing is very normal.

Secondly, from a historical point of view, we can judge the situation more accurately, distinguish the advantages and disadvantages, and thus carry out targeted work. There is a saying called "assess the situation", which is also a view of history. What kind of work can be carried out and what kind of problems can be solved under what historical conditions, rather than messing around.

When the country is in danger and the nation is in danger, we should take defending the country and solving the national crisis as the first priority. When we are poor, backward and hungry, we should concentrate on developing production and solving the problem of food and clothing. After people have solved the problem of food and clothing, they must also solve the problems of environment, energy and sustainable development.

Thirdly, from a historical point of view, we should humbly absorb the experience of our predecessors and combine our own reality to avoid unnecessary losses and avoid detours. We should undoubtedly absorb and draw lessons from the theories and experiences proved by our predecessors through practice. As the ancients said, a lesson from the past is a lesson from the future.

Unswervingly following the mass line, coming from the masses, going among the masses, trusting in the masses, relying on the masses, mobilizing the masses, serving the people, and so on are all experiences summed up by the revolutionary predecessors with their lives and practices, and must be adhered to and carried forward.

Guoxing is bright, destruction is greedy, prosperity is unified, decline is divided, and so on. These are the eternal truths that the Chinese nation has proved countless times. We must bear in mind that we can't repeat the lessons learned from the past. There is a saying that "forgetting history means betrayal." We can forget hatred, but we must never forget lessons and enemies.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-historical materialism