Qiyi Reservoir was built in 1960, which has experienced 50 years of ups and downs.
Why did Yushan people build such a large-scale Qiyi Reservoir? Because Shangrao and Yushan belong to subtropical rainy and humid climate, Yushan Golden Salon is the birthplace of Xinjiang, and Xinjiang is the mother river of Shangrao people. Although the rainfall in Yushan Mountain in Shangrao is abundant, it is unevenly distributed. Shangrao said that "it will rain for three days, and it will rain for three days". Whenever plum blossoms are ripe in the rainy season, heavy rain comes, mildew always comes on June 6, and the flood season begins, and it rains first.
Usually the floods in Xinjiang rise around the Dragon Boat Festival, so Shangrao people are commonly known as the Dragon Boat Festival. When the flood came, the rivers and streams in Xinjiang merged, the yellow water overflowed and floating objects floated on the water surface. The river is vast and rushing for thousands of miles, and the scene is quite spectacular.
Moreover, some years are drought, such as the natural disaster of 1959-196 1, which is still fresh in the memory of the elderly in Shangrao. It's hot, the fields are cracked, and some rivers in Xinjiang are cut off. Children are barefoot picking up screws and catching small fish on dried bean sprouts. At that time, there was a big ship near Xihao Wharf.
Floods and droughts are all caused by rain, and the weather is not beautiful, so water conservancy saves itself.
So Shangrao people want to build a reservoir. This idea is similar to grain reserves and saving money. They don't panic when they have food in their hearts, and they have money in their pockets for urgent lunch.
The reservoir was built in the upper reaches of Xinjiang. First, the dam built upstream has the highest head and the water source is not polluted. Second, the water keeps flowing to Shangrao city and the downstream estuary. Because the current is alive, it will not affect the self-purification ability of the river. Different from July 20, 2005, the water level of the tea pavilion in the lower reaches of Xinjiang was artificially raised by putting down the sluice for water storage in Xinjiang Water Control Project. For thousands of years, the natural ecological genes in Xinjiang have been artificially mutated, and Xinjiang is not acclimatized, which has led to an uproar in the urban smelly water incident. Some people say it was caused by the dam, while others say it was.
But one thing is certain: let nature take its course and the fittest survive.
Qiyi Reservoir is located in Shuangming Dam of Yushan, intercepting Jinsha River, the source of Xinjiang, which originated from Pingjiayuan at the northern foot of Sanqing Mountain, with a total length of 130 Li. The upper reaches are in Sanqing Township, and Jishanxi is a river with high mountains on both sides and good vegetation.
The middle reaches are in the purple lake, and the two banks gradually disperse into valley plains.
The downstream is Shuangming Gu Si Bridge, and the banks are alluvial plains.
The dam of Qiyi Reservoir was finally selected in Shuangming Town in the lower reaches of Jinsha River.
On March 20th, 1958, Yushan County Party Committee and County People's Government formally submitted the Report on Requiring the Construction of Qiyi Reservoir to Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, Provincial People's Government, Shangrao District Committee and Administrative Office.
The report fully states the necessity of building reservoirs, which can solve flood and drought disasters, generate electricity, irrigate farmland and increase grain output, benefiting Shangrao, Qianshan, Yiyang, Guixi, Yugan and other counties and cities on both sides of Xinjiang. The report used a funny slang: "Leigong in Yushan farted, and the six counties downstream were out of breath."
After listening to this sentence, the leader smiled and approved an investment of 3.5 million with a stroke of the pen.
On July 1958 and 1, the first batch of 400 migrant workers drove into the site of Qiyi Reservoir to prepare materials, marking the official start of the construction of Qiyi Reservoir.
In September, 1958, the second batch of 26,000 migrant workers entered the construction site, and the construction of Qiyi Reservoir was in full swing. In order to direct operations, the "Qiyi Reservoir Engineering Command" was specially established.
The troops stationed in Shangrao supported the construction of Qiyi Reservoir.
1959 10 The Central News Recording Film Studio visited the site of Qiyi Reservoir and filmed a film called * * * Building Water Conservancy. During the Great Leap Forward period, news bulletins were usually shown first, and the construction scenes of Qiyi Reservoir in Yushan were shown all over the country.
1March, 960, the dam of Qiyi Reservoir was completed.
The July 1st Reservoir Management Bureau was established, and the temporary "July 1st Reservoir Project Command" was cancelled.
1 May, 9601day, Wei Deshan, then secretary of the county party committee, went to Beijing to attend the National Militia Advanced Congress on behalf of the militia division of Qiyi Reservoir, and made a written report entitled "Yushan County Militia Division vs Jinshaxi". Congress awarded an automatic rifle to the militia division of Qiyi Reservoir.
1960 10 Shao shiping, then governor of Jiangxi province, inspected qiyi reservoir and wrote an inscription "the pride of fishermen-yushan": Huai Yu is a beautiful place, and yushan reservoir is named qiyi.
The dam is as high as a mountain, and the magnificent scenery is between the mountain peak and the lake.
The history of promoting benefits and eliminating pests is still far away. Longquan has a deep footprint, and irrigation is beneficial to power generation. I am very excited and cheer for the Party and Chairman Mao.
1960 65438+In February, the generator set of Qiyi Reservoir Hydropower Station was installed and put into use.
Since the July 1st Reservoir was completed and put into use, because it was the Great Leap Forward era, one day was equal to 20 years, and the construction and material conditions were limited. The maximum dam is 50 meters high, with total storage capacity10.80 billion cubic meters, and the flood control standard is once every five years.
The dam has large water pressure, large settlement and many cracks, and the dam foundation is submerged by sand, so the reservoir has hidden dangers.
For safety reasons, and the reservoir has been used for 10 years, it is planned to reinforce and expand the first reservoir in June of 10970. For the convenience of construction, it was chosen in the dry season. Unexpectedly, an accident occurred during the construction and reconstruction in June 1972, and the construction party tried to empty the water in the reservoir for the convenience of construction, but it was 65438+ billion yuan. Before the sluice was installed and opened, the builders blew up the entrance sluice. For a time, the water leakage was out of control, and the water level plummeted, dropping 1 meter every day. The flood surged out of control, leading to daily floods in Shangrao City downstream. Citizens don't know why: the sun is flooding? Without rhyme or reason.
How do you know that the release of water from the July 1 reservoir is a false alarm?
However, the accident was a joke, and the Ministry of Water Resources issued a severe punishment for the serious accident of Qiyi Reservoir. Informed criticism: (1) When building a reservoir, we must ensure good quality and be highly responsible for people's lives and property.
During the expansion of Qiyi Reservoir, before the dam is raised, the spillway is raised first and then blocked. Before installing the opening and closing gate in the drainage tunnel, the water inlet is blasted and water is released blindly without calculating the flow.
(3) It is wrong to expand Qiyi Reservoir without approval.
After the accident, Qiyi Reservoir in Yushan organized 1000 militia to go into battle, and it was repaired for three consecutive winters and springs. In the spring of 65,438+0,975, the emergency restoration and reinforcement project of the reservoir was completed.
10 years later, the Jiangxi Provincial Planning Commission approved the restoration and expansion project of Qiyi Reservoir on 1985. After the expansion, the flood control standard can be raised to once every 20 years. The expansion project will cost 7 million yuan. The reinforcement and expansion project of Qiyi Reservoir was completed in June 1987. After completion, the maximum dam height of Qiyi Reservoir is 54 meters, the normal water level is 94 meters, and the dead water level is 78 meters, with a total storage capacity.
Equipped with modern equipment such as water level remote control instrument and rainfall remote control instrument.
The essence of Qiyi Reservoir is water storage project, which is ruthless and safety first. So be sure to reinforce it regularly and check it frequently. As the saying goes, an ant colony thousands of miles away will be extinct once.
In September 2009, the dam of Qiyi Reservoir was reinforced again, and it is expected that the reinforcement project will be completed by the end of 20 10.
The 50-year rise and fall of Qiyi Reservoir has witnessed the wisdom and indomitable spirit of Yushan people in Shangrao. This spirit maintains Xinjiang and the safety of people on both sides of Xinjiang. Qiyi Reservoir is not only a dam, but also a monument in the hearts of Shangrao people. This monument solemnly describes: the dam will not fall, and human life is related.