Modern Hui language is different from Wu language, because it has lost all voiced sounds, so it is excluded from Wu language. However, due to its continuous tone sandhi, vowels, syntax and vocabulary close to southern Wu dialect, it broadly belongs to Wu dialect-Yan Hui film. Compared with neighboring Wu dialect and Gan dialect, Hui dialect has its own characteristics, such as the initial consonant system is close to Gan dialect and the vowel system is close to southern Wu dialect.
Hui dialect retains many characteristics of the middle ancient sounds, such as entering tone, sub-voiced sound, different pronunciation and so on, which is very different from northern Mandarin. Like Wu dialect, the phonetic feature of forced tone sandhi in Hui dialect is also a significant difference from Mandarin.
In the old days, Shexian reply was the representative sound, and Yanzhou dialect was the representative sound of the original Jiande Meicheng dialect. Due to the change of administrative center, Tunxi dialect is the representative sound of Hui language.
Whether Hui dialect belongs to Wu dialect or an independent Chinese dialect remains to be verified. Pinghua is a Chinese dialect in the southwest of China, which dialect it belongs to is still inconclusive. Some scholars or dialect books classify Pinghua as Cantonese, while others think Pinghua is an independent dialect.
The name Pinghua has existed since ancient times, and its meaning is still unknown. The user population exceeds 2 million. Pinghua is divided into Guibeiping dialect and Guinanping dialect, and Guibeiping dialect is closely related to southern Hunan dialect and northern Guangdong dialect. Jin dialect is the only unofficial dialect in northern China, but whether it belongs to the official dialect or is independent remains to be verified. The population of Jin dialect is about 63.05 million. Jinyu District starts from Taihang Mountain in the east, near Helan Mountain in the west, Yinshan Mountain in the north and Fenweihe Valley in the Yellow River in the south. It is one of the important cradles of Chinese civilization.
The biggest feature of Jin dialect, which is different from Putonghua, is to keep entering tone. The tone of Jin dialect also has a very complicated tone sandhi phenomenon. There are four different ways of evolution of Jin dialect. Most dialects of Jin dialect have five tones, and some areas have six, seven or four tones. There are many distinctive words and archaic words in Jin dialect that are quite different from those in Putonghua. Jin dialect area is also an important producing area of Tang poetry in China.
Jin dialect is mainly used in Shanxi Province, central and western Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, northern Shaanxi Province, most of the north of the Yellow River in Henan Province and western Hebei Province, covering 175 cities and counties. The core areas of Jin dialect are mainly Taiyuan dialect (divided into old and new schools) and Lvliang dialect.